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Topic: Sook Ching massacre

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	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Sook Ching massacre
		The Sook Ching massacre (肅清大屠殺) was a systematic extermination of perceived hostile elements among the Chinese in Singapore by the Japanese military administration during the Japanese Occupation of Singapore, after the British colony surrendered in the Battle of Singapore on 15 February 1942 during World War II.
		Although the term "Sook Ching" appeared as early as 1946, it was not commonly used in the Chinese press or other publications until the 1980s.
		The Punggol Beach Massacre took away 300 to 400 lives of the Chinese people, who were shot at Punggol Beach on February 28 1942 by the Hojo Kempei firing squad, the auxiliary Japanese military police responsible for all killings of the massacre.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Sook_Ching_massacre (1675 words)

	Sook Ching massacre - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Sook Ching massacre (肅清大屠殺) was a systematic extermination of perceived hostile elements among ethnic Chinese Singaporeans by the Japanese military administration during the Japanese Occupation of Singapore, after the British colony surrendered in the Battle of Singapore on 15 February 1942 during World War II.
		Sook Ching was later extended to include Chinese Malayans.
		Although the term "Sook Ching" appeared as early as 1946, it was not commonly used in the Chinese press or other publications until the 1980s.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sook_Ching_massacre (1251 words)

	Nanking Massacre - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The extent of the atrocities is hotly debated, with numbers ranging from the claim of the Japanese army at the International Military Tribunal for the Far East that the death toll was military in nature and that no such atrocities ever occurred, to the Chinese claim of a non-combatant death toll of 300,000.
		Historians who define the Nanking Massacre as having started from the time the Japanese army entered Jiangsu province push the beginning of the massacre to around mid-November to early December (Suzhou fell on November 19), and stretch the end of the massacre to late March 1938.
		The death toll of 300,000 is the official estimate engraved on the stone wall at the entrance of the "Memorial Hall for Compatriot Victims of the Japanese Military's Nanking Massacre" in Nanjing.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nanking_massacre (4644 words)

	List of Massacres Encyclopedia Articles @ Karrnet.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Massacre has a number of meanings, but most commonly refers to individual events of deliberate and direct mass murder, especially of noncombatant civilians without any reasonable means of defense, that would qualify as war crimes or atrocities.
		Massacres in this sense do not typically apply to combatants, except figuratively, although the deliberate mass killings of prisoners of war are often considered massacres.
		Additionally, the word massacre is often used for political or propaganda purposes, and the choice of whether to label an event a massacre may become a sensitive one; see, for example, the Kent State shootings.
	www.karrnet.com /encyclopedia/List_of_massacres (4441 words)

	Sook Ching Massacre - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Sook Ching Massacre (肅清大屠殺) was a semi-systematic extermination of perceived hostile elements among ethnic Chinese Malayans and Singaporeans by the Japanese military administration, after the British colony surrendered on 15 February 1942 during World War II.
		Officially opened in 15 February 1967, by Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew, it is dedicated for all civilians killed by the Japanese occupation, regardless of race.
		The memorial is built on one of the mass graves of the Sook Ching Massacre in the Siglap area.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Sook_Ching_Massacre (1070 words)

	List of massacres at AllExperts
		Massacre has a number of meanings, but most commonly refers to individual events of deliberate and direct mass murder, especially of noncombatant civilians without any reasonable means of defense, that would qualify as war crimes or atrocities.
		Massacres in this sense do not typically apply to combatants, except figuratively, although the deliberate mass killings of prisoners of war are often considered massacres.
		Additionally, the word massacre is often used for political or propaganda purposes, and the choice of whether to label an event a massacre may become a sensitive one; see, for example, the Kent State shootings.
	en.allexperts.com /e/l/li/list_of_massacres.htm (5385 words)

	The Ultimate Nanjing Massacre (no images) Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		The period of the massacre, hence, is naturally defined by the geography of the massacre.
		Those who define the Nanjing massacre as having started from the time the Japanese army entered Jiangsu province push the beginning of the massacre to around mid-November to early December (Suzhou fell on November 19), and stretch the end of the massacre to late March 1938.
		The author of the textbook, Professor Saburō Ienaga, sued the Ministry of Education in an extended case that was eventually won by the plaintiff in 1997.
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/Nanjing_Massacre_(no_images) (3416 words)

	Sook Ching Massacre (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Sook Ching Massacre (&32901;&28165;&22823;&23648;&27578;) was a semi-systematic extermination of perceived hostile elements among ethnic Chinese Malayans and Singaporeans by the Japanese military administration, after the British colony surrendered on February 15, 1942 during World War II.
		The term sook ching (&32899;&28165;) is a Chinese word meaning "a purge through cleansing".
		The memorial is built on one of the mass graves of the Sook Ching Massacre in the Siglap area.
	sook-ching-massacre.iqnaut.net (1013 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Nanking Massacre, commonly known as "The Rape of Nanking," was an infamous war crime incident committed by the Japanese military carried out by Japanese troops in and around Nanjing (then known in English as Nanking), China after it fell to the Imperial Japanese Army on December 13, 1937.
		Historians who define the Nanking Massacre as having started from the time the Japanese Army entered Jiangsu province push the beginning of the massacre to around mid-November to early December (Suzhou fell on November 19), and stretch the end of the massacre to late March 1938.
		http://www.cnd.org/njmassacre/njm-tran/ - Japanese Imperialism and the Massacre in Nanjing - by Gao Xingzu, Wu Shimin, Hu Yungong, and Cha Ruizhen
	www.gamecheatz.net /games.php?title=Nanking_Massacre (4994 words)

	The Sook Ching Massacre
		Japanese sources admit that some 5,000 civilians were killed during the 'Sook Ching' or 'purging' of anti-Japanese sentiment.
		A memorial to the Sook Ching massacres stands in central Singapore.
		It provides an opportunity to remember some of the many, unnamed thousands of Chinese who have given their lives to build the city state.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/east_asian_history/118894 (451 words)

	Japanese war crimes - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The largest single trial was that of 93 Japanese personnel charged with the summary execution of more than 300 Allied POWs, in the Laha massacre (1942).
		The infamous "Ten Thousand Corpse Ditch", where victims of the Nanjing Massacre were buried.
		In China during 1937–45, there are said to have been 8.4 million "non-military casualties", not including civilians killed accidentally during battle.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Japanese_war_crimes (2165 words)

	Nanjing Massacre - (Benicia Article)
		The Nanjing Massacre is only one of many major war crimes committed by the Imperialist Japanese from the annexation of Manchuria in 1931to the end of World War II in 1945.
		Othersites of concentrated massacre include Yanziji gate, Guanyin gate, the forest farm of the Central University at Guanyinmen, and,most notably, Caoxiexia, which was aKMT fortress.
		Theauthor of the textbook, Professor Saburō Ienaga, sued the Ministry of Education in an extended case that was eventually wonby the plaintiff in 1997.
	www.benicianews.com /articles/index.cfm?artOID=291787&cp=308626 (2978 words)

	Nanjing Massacre - China-related Topics NA-ND - China-Related Topics
		The period of the massacre, hence, is naturally defined by the geography of the masssacre.
		Those who define the Nanjing massacre as having started from the time the Japanese army entered Jiangsu province push the beginning of the massacre to around mid-November to early December (Suzhou fell on November 19), and strech the end of the massacre to late March 1938.
		One Japanese veteran group for army officers attempted to disprove the massacre by conducting a survey among the members who participated in Nanking campaign but their attempt ended up as proving the existence of the massacre beyond doubt.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Nanjing_Massacre (3211 words)

	Changi Heritage: Changi and the War
		At Tanah Merah Besar Beach, on which Changi Airport is built, according to two massacre survivors, Chua Choon Guan and Cheng Kwang Yu, between 400 to 600 Chinese were machine gunned by the Japanese at low tide on the evening of 22 February 1942.
		They testified at the 1947 war crimes trial into the Sook Ching Massacre that they had miraculously survived because the Japanese troops were not able to check that every victim was dead by bayoneting them all.
		The Japanese are rumoured to have returned every evening for next three days after the first massacre to machine gun more Chinese at low tide so the sea would come in and take away their bodies.
	www.hsse.nie.edu.sg /staff/kahack/ChangiHistoricArea.html (738 words)

	War Crimes :: Genocide :: Major Genocides
		Sook Ching Massacre: When British Malaya fell to the Japanese Imperial Forces in February 1942, ethnic Chinese in Singapore were systematically exterminated on the pretext of eliminating "anti-Japanese" elements.
		In many cases ethnic Hutu who opposed the killings or failed to take part in the massacres were themselves hunted down and killed.
		"Either you took part in the massacres or you were massacred yourself," said one Hutu who was forced to take part.
	www.warcrimes.info /shop/html/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=58 (2648 words)

	Lovely Cris's Multiply Site - ma WORDS
		The period of the massacre, hence, is naturally defined by the geography of the massacre.
		province push the beginning of the massacre to around mid-November to early December (Suzhou fell on November 19), and stretch the end of the massacre to late March 1938.
		One Japanese veteran group for army officers attempted to disprove the massacre by conducting a survey among the members who participated in Nanjing campaign but their attempt ended up as proving the existence of the massacre beyond doubt.
	lovelycris.multiply.com /journal?&page_start=40 (4699 words)

	Japanese Occupation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		We do not know how many men were executed during the Sook Ching exercise.
		When the Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce, Appeal Committee for Singapore Chinese Victims Massacred by Japanese, attempted to investigate by urging people to report deaths of family members and relatives, only 8600 were reported.
		Whatever the number is, Sook Ching will, remain a horrific and traumatic experience in the memory of the survivors.
	www.s1942.org.sg /dir_defence7.htm (283 words)

	NUS: Library: A Sense of History: Singapore, 1941-1945: The Japanese Occupation, 1942-1945
		The collective memory of the Sook Ching massacre and the creation of the Civilian War Memorial of Singapore.
		Names and particulars of all Australian airmen, soldiers andnurses, killed in action, died while P.O.W., or who were massacred in the Malaya-Singapore war area and who have no known grave.
		Has an account of the massacres of the Chinese population between 16 February and 1 March 1942.
	www.lib.nus.edu.sg /bib/sh/sing1941c.html (1190 words)

	"Sook Ching" - China History Forum, chinese history forum
		My maternal grandfather and my maternal grandmother's brothers escaped Sook Ching by the skin of their teeth.
		The Sook Ching Massacre (肅清大屠殺) was a systematic extermination of perceived hostile elements among ethnic Chinese Singaporeans by the Japanese military administration, after the British colony surrendered on 15 February 1942 during World War II.
		The memorial is built on one of the mass graves of the Sook Ching Massacre in the Marina Bay area.
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /index.php?showtopic=1527&st=0&p=4689902&#entry4689902 (2938 words)

	The world's top genocide websites (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		These advocates complain that a narrower definition may be seen as exculpating the totalitarian governments that, they claim, killed over 100 million of their own citizens during the 20th century.
		Together with a failure of the potato crop in the 19th century, this policy resulted in starvation, deaths, and a secondary clearance, when Scots either migrated voluntarily or were forcibly evicted, many to emigrate, to join the British army, or to join the growing cities, like Glasgow, Edinburgh and Dundee, in Lowland Scotland.
		Sook Ching Massacre: When British Malaya fell to the Japanese Imperial Forces in February 1942, ethnic Chinese in Singapore were systematically exterminated on the pretext of eliminating "anti-Japanese" elements.
	www.websbiggest.com /wiki-article-tab.cfm/genocide (4427 words)

	張純如紀念基金會徵文比賽得奬者第一名 - 复兴中华 - 中国民间保钓联合会 - Powered by Discuz!
		As an ethnic Chinese, the Nanjing Massacre resonates particularly with me. In a world where people continue to be tortured and killed because of their skin, even the most open-minded of us must acknowledge the boundaries of color and blood that divide humanity.
		The questions of responsibility, morality and humanity that the Nanjing Massacre raises are timeless, and ought to be applied to Sook Ching.
		Singapore is a young nation, and Sook Ching arguably the one large-scale crime against humanity that has taken place in its past.
	www.cfdd.org.cn /bbs/viewthread.php?tid=42534 (2305 words)

	Singapore Paranormal Investigators (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Namely Operation Sook Ching (Clean-up), it was supposedly intended to eliminate only those Chinese who were involved in anti-Japanese activities.
		Official figures of the number killed is about several thousands but local sources say the true figure is closer to 50,000.
		Sook Ching was carried from 18 February to 4 March 1942.
	www.spi.com.sg /spi_files/massacre/main00.htm (147 words)

	WW2DB: Invasion of Malaya and Singapore
		In a process that the Japanese called Daikensho ("the Great Inspection") and the Chinese called Sook Ching ("the Purge", coined in 1946), Yamashita authorized his men to cooperate with the Kempeitai on a purge of Chinese groups that were likely to undermine Japanese occupation.
		In 1947, seven Japanese officers were tried and found guilty of war crimes for the Sook Ching Massacre.
		Comment by Anonymous on 26 Feb 2007-01:56:08 AM The Sook Ching Massacre is of no less significant then the rape of Nanking, it should be further research, as the massacres and terrors never ended till Japan surrender.
	ww2db.com /battle_spec.php?battle_id=47 (3673 words)

	dsng.net - the daryl sng blog: Sook Ching massacre site
		Also in Chinatown, at the junction of South Bridge Road and Cross St, stands this memorial to the Sook Ching massacre of World War II.
		The Sook Ching Massacre (?????) was a systematic extermination of perceived hostile elements among ethnic Chinese, Malayans and Singaporeans by the Japanese military administration, after the British colony surrendered on 15 February 1942 during World War II.
		Unless otherwise expressly stated, all original material of whatever nature created by Daryl Sng and included in this weblog and any related pages, including the weblog's archive, is licensed under a Creative Commons License.
	www.dsng.net /2004/12/sook-ching-massacre-site.html (294 words)

	math lessons - The Holocaust
		The military and paramilitary forces of the other members of the Axis were notorious for regularly and methodically committing all manner of atrocities against both combatants and civilian populations, including extensive use of slave labour and large scale massacres (to name but a few instances, refer to the Death Railway and the Nanjing massacre).
		Also, though it is rarely documented, in Malaya and Singapore, which Japan had occupied from 1942 until the end of the Pacific War, the Japanese forces systematically exterminated ethnic Chinese in what is known as the Sook Ching Massacre.
		Certain Allied bombing attacks have also been described as atrocities, in particular the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki which killed more than 100,000 civilians and the firebombing attacks on Dresden, Hamburg, and Tokyo, each of which resulted in many tens of thousands of civilian deaths.
	www.mathdaily.com /lessons/Holocaust (5615 words)

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