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Topic: Sophia, Electress of Hanover

	Sophia of the Palatinate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sophia's daughter Sophia Charlotte of Hanover (1668-1705) married Frederick I of Prussia, from whom the later Prussian kings and German emperors descend.
		Sophia plays an important role in British history and royal lineage, because the Act of Settlement 1701 restricts the British throne to the "Protestant heirs" of Sophia of Hanover who have never been Catholic and who have never married a Catholic.
		Before her marriage, Sophia, as the daughter of Frederick V, Elector Palatine of the Rhine, was referred to as Sophie, Princess Palatine of the Rhine, or as Sophia of the Palatinate.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sophia_of_Hanover (411 words)

	SOPHIA - LoveToKnow Article on SOPHIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		(f6301714), electress of Hanover, twelfth child of Frederick V., elector palatine of the Rhine, by his wife Elizabeth, a daughter of the English king James I., was born at the Hague on the 14(11 of October 5630.
		Accordingly by the Act of Settlement of 1701 the English Crown, in default of issue from either William or Anne, was settled upon the most excellent princess Sophia, electress and duchessdowager of Hanover and the heirs of her body, being Protestant.
		Sophia watched affairs in England during the reign of Anne with great interest, although her son, the elector George Louis, objected to any interference in that country, and Anne disliked all mention of her successor.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /S/SO/SOPHIA.htm (429 words)

	House of Hanover - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		The House of Hanover is a younger branch of the House of Welf, which in turn is a branch of the House of Este.
		Ernest Augustus' wife, Sophia, was declared heiress of the throne of Great Britain by the Act of Settlement of 1701; their son, George I, became the first British monarch of the House of Hanover.
		The thrones of the United Kingdom and Hanover diverged in 1837 as the throne of Hanover, unlike that of the U.K., was under the Salic law, and so did not pass to Queen Victoria and instead passed to her uncle, the Duke of Cumberland.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/House_of_Hanover (515 words)

	AllRefer.com - house of Hanover (British And Irish History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		house of Hanover ruling dynasty of Hanover (see Hanover, province), which was descended from the Guelphs and which in 1714 acceded to the British throne in the person of George I.
		George was the grandson of James I's daughter Elizabeth, queen of Bohemia, and the son of Sophia, electress of Hanover, and his succession to the throne was based on the Act of Settlement (1701).
		Ernest Augustus, son of George III, became (1837) king of Hanover and was succeeded by George V, who lost the crown in 1866.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/H/HanoverH.html (299 words)

	Sophia Naturalization Act - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		The Act for the Naturalization of the Most Excellent Princess Sophia, Electress and Duchess Dowager of Hanover, and the Issue of her Body was an act of Parliament passed by the English Parliament in 1705.
		It followed from the Act of Settlement 1701 whereby the descendants of the Electress Sophia of Hanover and heirs, were declared to be in the line of succession to the throne (her son George I later became king).
		This was first tested soon after World War II, when Ernest Augustus IV, Prince of Hanover (1914–1987, father of the current Ernst August of Hanover) successfully claimed British nationality on this basis (Attorney-General -v- HRH Prince Ernest Augustus of Hanover [1957] 1 All ER 49) after considerable litigation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sophia_Naturalization_Act (228 words)

	Sophia of Hanover
		The Electress Sophia of Hanover was born Sophia, Pfalzgräfin von Simmern, at The Hague on October 14, 1630, and died at Herrenhausen on June 8, 1714.
		Upon her death, Sophia's son Elector Georg Ludwig of Hanover became heir-presumptive, and weeks later succeeded Queen Anne as King George I of Great Britain.
		The Act of Settlement restricts the throne to the "Protestant heirs" of Sophia of Hanover.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/so/Sophia,_Electress_of_Hanover.html (270 words)

	House of Hanover (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		It made Anne (of the house of Stuart) the heir presumptive; and, if she lacked issue, the crown was to go to Sophia, electress of Hanover (granddaughter of James I), and her descendants, passing over many Roman Catholics in the normal line of succession.
		The electress predeceased Anne by two months, and the crown went to Sophia's son, George I. The first two Georges were considered foreigners, especially by many Scots, and in 1715 and 1745 the Stuart claimants—James Edward, the Old Pretender, and Charles Edward, the Young Pretender—vainly attempted to regain the throne.
		Hanover (an electorate, which became a kingdom in 1814) was joined to the British crown until 1837.
	www.hfac.uh.edu /gbrown/philosophers/leibniz/BritannicaPages/HanoverHouse/HanoverHouse.html (241 words)

	Encyclopedia: Sophia of Hanover
		Sophia's daughter Sophia Charlotte of Hanover (1668-1705), married Frederick I of Prussia, starting the lineage of Prussian kings and German emperors.
		Sophia Charlotte of Hanover was born on October 20, 1668, at Schloss Iburg near Osnabrück.
		House of Hanover The monarch or Sovereign is the head of state of the United Kingdom.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Sophia-of-Hanover (1221 words)

	Sophia of Hanover -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Sophia's daughter (Click link for more info and facts about Sophia Charlotte of Hanover) Sophia Charlotte of Hanover (1668-1705), married (Click link for more info and facts about Frederick I of Prussia) Frederick I of Prussia, starting the lineage of Prussian kings and German emperors.
		Sophia commissioned significant work on the (A plot of ground where plants are cultivated) gardens surrounding the palace at Herrenhausen and died there during an evening walk.
		Sophia plays an important role in British history and royal lineage, because the (Click link for more info and facts about Act of Settlement 1701) Act of Settlement 1701 restricts the British throne to the "Protestant heirs" of Sophia of Hanover who have never been Catholic and who have never married a Catholic.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/S/So/Sophia_of_Hanover.htm (480 words)

	Succession to the British Throne - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		The rules of primogeniture apply, but those who are not legitimate descendants of Sophia, Electress of Hanover, those who have ever been Roman Catholics, or who have married Roman Catholics are disbarred from succeeding to the Crown.
		Because Parliament of England settled on Sophia, Electress of Hanover as Anne's heir without consulting Scottish leaders, the Estates of Scotland retaliated by passing the Act of Security.
		Anne was predeceased by Sophia, Electress of Hanover, and was therefore succeeded by the latter's son, who became George I in 1714.
	kernersville.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Succession_to_the_British_throne (3063 words)

	Sophia of Hanover / FemBio: Women of Hanover
		Sophia was the twelfth child born to the "Winter King" Frederick V, Elector Palatine of the Rhine, who had been put under imperial ban, and his wife Elizabeth of the House of Stuart.
		The Leine Castle in Hannover was dismal and modest; Sophia found new purpose in the extension of Herrenhausen as a summer residence and the laying out of extensive parks.
		Even in old age she participated in the lives of her descendants and was decisively involved in arranging the marriage of her granddaughter Sophia Dorothea, the daughter of the new elector, with her grandson Frederick William I of Prussia, Sophia Charlotte's son.
	www.fembio.org /women-from/hannover/sophia-of-hanover.shtml (532 words)

	House of Hanover - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Beginning in 1814, when Hanover was made into a kingdom, the British monarch also served jointly as King of Hanover.
		Under Salic law, the current head of the House is Ernst August of Hanover.
		Hanover Square in downtown New York City is also named for the family.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/House_of_Hanover (389 words)

	Devonshire House Ball 1897. Duchess of Teck as Princess Sophia, Electress of Luneberg and Hanover (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Duchess of Teck as Princess Sophia, Electress of Luneberg and Hanover
		In 1705 Parliament had passed the “Act for the Naturalization of the Most Excellent Princess Sophia, Electress and Duchess Dowager of Hanover, and the Issue of her Body“ to ensure that the throne would pass to Protestant Hanoverian hands and not to the Catholic Old Pretender.
		Sophia’s son, George - 52nd in line to the throne but the closest Protestant, became the the first Hanoverian king of England.
	www.rvondeh.dircon.co.uk /dhb/teck1.html (368 words)

	ONLIPIX - Great names pictures : SOP
		SOPHIA (Princess, Electress of Hanover, mother of GEORGE I, grand-daughter of JAMES I)(1630-1714)
		SOPHIA DOROTHEA OF HANOVER (daughter of GEORGE I, wife of FREDERICK-WILLIAM I, queen of Prusse)(1687-1757)
		SOPHIA OF HOHENBERG (Duchess, wife of FRANCIS-FERDINAND OF AUSTRIA)(-1914)
	www.onlipix.com /personages/sop.htm (98 words)

	British Royal Progenitors: Twelfth Generation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		He married Sophia of HANOVER 30 SEP 1658.
		Sophia, Electress of Hanover was born 13 OCT 1630.
		Sophia, Electress of Hanover died 8 JUN 1714 at 83 years of age.
	www.draftymanor.com /bart/GenBrit/b0001602.htm (60 words)

	DUKEDOM OF KENDAL - LoveToKnow Article on DUKEDOM OF KENDAL (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Her father held important positions under the elector of Brandenburg; her brother Matthias John (1661-1747) won great fame as a soldier in Germany and was afterwards com-mander-in-chief of the army of the republic of Venice.
		Having entered the household of Sophia, electress of Hanover, Melusina attracted the notice of her son, the future king, whose mistress she became about 1690.
		When George crossed over to England in 1714, the " Schulenburgin," as Sophia called her, followed him and soon supplanted her principal rival, Charlotte Sophia.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /K/KE/KENDAL_DUKEDOM_OF.htm (414 words)

	Saraband for Dead Lovers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		He was married to Sophia, daughter of the King of Bohemia.
		Sophia Dorothea, however, tried to make the most of her unpleasant situation, buoyed by her own innate charm and disposition.
		Daughter of the King of Bohemia and wife of Ernest Augustus, the Elector of Hanover, she always kept her eye on the prize, the throne of England.
	www.motorcycle-boots.net /prod/6303241247/Saraband_for_Dead_Lovers.html (591 words)

	History of the Monarchy > The Hanoverians > George I
		As Sophia, Electress of Hanover, had died two months before Queen Anne (who died in 1714), Sophia's eldest son George, Elector of Hanover, inherited the throne under the Act of Settlement (there were some 50 Roman Catholic relatives with stronger claims).
		Family tensions (George imprisoned his wife in 1694) and political intrigue (opposition gathered round the Prince of Wales) led to differences and intense dislike between George and his son, George.
		In 1719 and 1720, and during most of the King's absences in Hanover, power was delegated to a Regency Council and not to the Prince of Wales.
	www.royal.gov.uk /output/Page106.asp (281 words)

	AllRefer.com - George I, king of Great Britain and Ireland (British And Irish History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		He was personally unpopular in England because of his German manners, his German mistresses (see Schulenburg, Ehrengard Melusina von der, duchess of Kendal), his treatment of his divorced wife, Sophia Dorothea, and his inability to speak English.
		George's dual role as elector of Hanover and king of England also raised problems; he spent much of his time in Hanover and was widely (although unjustly) believed to be indifferent to English affairs.
		Yet, despite the uprising of the Jacobites in 1715, his crown was never in danger, for he stood to Englishmen as the guarantee of the "revolution settlement" against a return of the Roman Catholic Stuarts.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/G/Georg1GB.html (407 words)

	SOPHIA
		She was born in Athens on November 2, 1938, as Sophia, the eldest child of the King of Greece, Paul I (1901-1964) and his queen, Frederika Luise Thyra Victoria Margarita Sophia Olga Cecilia Isabella Christa, Princess of Hanover, Princess of Great Britain and Ireland, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1917-1975).
		Princess Sophia spent her childhood in Egypt and South Africa during her family's exile during World War II, returning to Greece in 1946, finishing her education in Germany, and returning home to study pediatrics, music and archeology.
		Sophia's fears and anguish of losing her life, just as she lost the light of the One, caused confusion and longing to return to it.
	www.websters-online-dictionary.org /So/Sophia.html (2700 words)

	Mary II of England - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The line of succession established by the Bill of Rights was almost extinguished; Mary and William did not have any children, all of the Princess Anne's children had died, and it seemed unlikely that William would remarry.
		Thus, it was deemed necessary to pass the Act of Settlement 1701, which provided that the Crown would go to the nearest Protestant relative, Sophia, Electress of Hanover and her heirs.
		When William III died in 1702, he was succeeded by Anne, who was in turn succeeded by the deceased Electress Sophia's son, George I.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mary_II_of_England (1547 words)

	Station Information - House of Hanover
		The House of Hanover (the Hanoverians) were a British royal dynasty which succeeded the House of Stuart, in 1714.
		The first Hanoverian rulers, George I and George II were from Hanover, in what is now Germany.
		Victoria changed the name of the dynasty to the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, after her husband, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.
	www.stationinformation.com /encyclopedia/h/ho/house_of_hanover.html (216 words)

	Read about House of Hanover at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research House of Hanover and learn about House of Hanover ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Hanover was made into a kingdom, the British monarch also served jointly as King of Hanover.
		United Kingdom and Hanover diverged in 1837 as the throne of Hanover, unlike that of the U.K., was under the
		Central Business District are named after members of the House of Hanover.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/House_of_Hanover (320 words)

	Time Line
		Settlement stated the succession should pass to the heirs of Sophia, Electress of Hanover (a granddaughter of King James I) if Anne had no children of her own.
		Sophia's son, George, was next in line to the throne when Anne died.
		George Ludwig, Elector of Hanover and great grandson of James I, became King of Great Britain as George I. He retained the title of Elector of Hanover (now part of Germany) and the dual role required him to spend time in both countries.
	www.history.uk.com /timeline/index.php?date=1714 (272 words)

	Sophia -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The eldest daughter of Tsar Alexis (ruled 1645–76) and his first wife, Mariya Miloslavskaya, Sophia was tutored by the Belorussian monk Simeon Polotsky, from whom she received an exceptionally good education.
		The first major house of worship, and still one of the great buildings of the world, was built during the reign of Emperor Justinian I in the 6th century at Constantinople (see Justinian I).
		Historical sketch of the Hagia Sophia prior to its conversion to an imperial mosque by Mehmed the Conqueror.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9068724?tocId=9068724 (673 words)

	Kevin's English law glossary: Prince Ernest of Hanover v Attorney General (1957) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		This case ([1957] AC 536), like Ashford v Thornton (1818), demonstrates that English courts are obliged to assume (a) that statutes remain in effect indefinitely if they are not repealed and (b) on the whole, where the words of a statute are clear an unambiguous they must be applies accordingly.
		The Act then made provision that Sophia and her descendants should be regarded as naturalized English subjects.
		Prince Ernest, a distant descendant of Sophia, applied for British Citizenship on the basis of the provision of the 1705 Act; this was refused by the High Court, but allowed by the Court of Appeal; this ruling was confirmed by the House of Lords.
	www.kevinboone.com /lawglos_Prince_Ernest_of_Hanover_v_Attorney_General_(1957).html (233 words)

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