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	Georges Sorel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sorel's belief in the need for a deliberately-conceived "myth" to sway crowds into concerted action was put into practice by mass fascist movements in the 1920s.
		Sorel believed the "myth" of the general strike would serve to enforce solidarity, class consciousness and revolutionary élan amongst the working-class.
		Whether Sorel is better seen as a left-wing or right-wing thinker is disputed: the Italian Fascists praised him as a forefather but the dictatorial government they established ran contrary to his beliefs, while he was also an important touchstone for Italy's first Communists, who saw Sorel as a theorist of the proletariat.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Georges_Sorel (1228 words)

	Georges Sorel: biography and encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Georges Eugène Sorel (2 November, 1847-29 August, 1922) was a French (The Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France) philosopher (A specialist in philosophy) and theorist of anarchosyndicalism (additional info and facts about anarchosyndicalism).
		Sorel's belief in the need for a deliberately-conceived "myth" to sway crowds into concerted action was put into practice by mass fascist (An adherent of fascism or other right-wing authoritarian views) movements in the 1920s.
		From Georges Sorel: Volume 2, Hermeneutics (The branch of theology that deals with principles of exegesis) and the Sciences edited by John L. Stanley, translated by John and Charlotte Stanley (Transaction Publishers, 1990, ISBN 0887383041).
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/g/ge/georges_sorel.htm (950 words)

	AllRefer.com - Georges Sorel (Political Science, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		An engineer before he devoted himself to writing, Sorel found in the political and social life of bourgeois democracy the triumph of mediocrity and espoused various forms of socialism, chiefly revolutionary syndicalism.
		1912), which became the basic text of syndicalism, Sorel expounded his theory of "violence" as the creative power of the proletariat that could overcome "force," the coercive economic power of the bourgeoisie.
		Sorel supported at various times such disparate alternatives to the existing order as extreme French monarchism and the Bolshevik Revolution.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/Sorel-Ge.html (274 words)

	Encyclopedia: Georges Sorel
		Georges Sorel himself was a retired engineer of middle class origins when he began writing (1892).
		Georges Sorel was born in Normandy in 1847 and, after receiving a private education there, attended the Ecole Polytechnique, where he distinguished himself in mathematics.
		Georges Sorel stated his theory of "social myths" most clearly in a letter to Daniel Halevy in 1907.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Georges-Sorel (396 words)

	Portis_Final (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Sorel felt himself to be on fairly sure and uncontroversial ground in saying that 'one of the outstanding tasks of the proletariat is, obviously, to combat with every possible means the extension of the state and to free social life from the intervention of state functionaries.
		Sorel has been called a 'wild marxist', and there is a certain truth in the characterisation when we consider that he was not tamed by adherence to a political party or to a rigid frame of analytical reference, beyond his acceptance of historical materialism.
		Sorel's thinking was caught between the same poles of fatalism and voluntarism that he referred to, tending to lean towards the former but balancing his thought with the awareness of the power of human volition.
	www.geocities.com /CapitolHill/Lobby/2379/portis.htm (20715 words)

	Commentary Magazine - Georges Sorel, Prophet Without Honor, by Richard Humphrey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		...Sorel looked to war, not as a means for man to "abreact" anxiety and become healthy, but as the only thing that will enable future generations to acquire a lofty and heroic spiritual heritage on which they may live...
		...He construes Sorel's relationship to syndicalism as that of the historical observer: to Sorel, he says, "syndicalism was a historical phenomenon to be observed in the same light as the patriotism of the Greek city-state, or Christianity, or the ideals of the French Revolution...
		...Sorel lived long enough to see that regeneration-through-war, as he conceived it, was not for this world, and he recognized that whatever inspired the French proletariat of his day, it was not his myth...
	www.commentarymagazine.com /Summaries/V13I1P98-1.htm (1533 words)

	Georges Sorel Biography / Biography of Georges Sorel Biography
		Georges Sorel, born into a bourgeois family in Normandy, became a civil engineer working for the government.
		Sorel belonged to the generations of Frenchmen who were greatly affected by the French defeat of 1870 and the civil war of the Paris Commune in the following year.
		Thus Sorel emphasized violence, emotion, and myth as the means of overthrowing the prevailing decadence and demoralization.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-georges-sorel (567 words)

	Georges Sorel
		Sometimes incomprehensible spirit behind the French "syndicalist" movement that sparked in 1895 in an attempt to recapture the initiative away from reformist state socialists and bring the workers' movement back to its roots in the revolutionary anarcho-socialism of Proudhon and Bakunin that had so shaken the world back in the 1840s and 1850s.
		Although he claimed himself to be a Marxian, Sorel held a deep suspicion for "armchair socialists", particularly those who mumbled about the inevitability of "progress".
		In his most famous work (1908), Sorel emphasized the violent and irrational motivations of social and economic conduct (echoing Pareto in many ways).
	cepa.newschool.edu /het/profiles/sorel.htm (234 words)

	Georges Sorel
		Sometimes incomprehensible spirit behind the French syndicalist movement that sparked in 1895 in an attempt to recapture the initiative away from reformist state socialists and bring the workers' movement back to its roots in the revolutionary anarcho-socialism of Pierre-Joseph Proudhon and Michael Bakunin that had so shaken the world back in the 1840s and 1850s.
		Although he claimed himself to be a Marxian, Georges Sorel held a deep suspicion for "armchair socialists", particularly those who mumbled about the inevitability of "progress".
		Instead, Georges Sorel advocated massive general strikes and worker action - not for the small concessions from employers those might bring, but rather as a way of continuously disrupting the capitalism industrial machine and thus eventually achieving worker control of means of production.
	www.economyprofessor.com /theorists/georgessorel.php (243 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Georges Sorel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Sorel, port city and the county town of Le Bas-Richelieu County, Québec, Canada.
		Sorel is located at the confluence of the Richelieu and St. Lawrence...
		Gershwin, George (1898-1937), American composer, whose musicals and popular songs are among the finest in those genres and whose compositions in...
	encarta.msn.com /Georges_Sorel.html (127 words)

	Adventures in Philosophy: A Brief History of Political Philosophy
		The name of Georges Sorel (picture) has been connected with the history of both bolshevism and fascism.
		The latter term was used by Sorel as the image of a fictitious, even unrealization future that expresses the sentiments of the revolutionary masses and incites them to revolutionary action.
		Sorel was not interested in socialism, communism or any other politico-economic system but in the increase of industrial production to the highest possible degree.
	www.radicalacademy.com /adiphilpolitics4.htm (4407 words)

	Amazon.com: Sorel: Reflections on Violence: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Sorel thinks that myths are not rational, and because of that they cannot be judged intellectually.
		Sorel also affirms that violence is positive, because while force gives the workers chains, the violence directed at that force frees them.
		Sorel advocates revolutionary violence as a means to both power and the creation of a new mythic order.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0521559103?v=glance (1463 words)

	Georges Sorel -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Sorel was born of a middle-class family and trained as a civil engineer.
		Sorel adopted revolutionary syndicalism as the means of social change.
		French chemist and physicist Georges Claude was born in Paris.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9068748?&query=sorel (734 words)

	L-I: =?Windows-1252?Q?Andr=E9_Breton_&_Pierre_Drieu_La_Rochelle_1of3?= (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Sorel believed that the type of myth that would most likely appeal to people of the modern age would be political in nature.
		Sorel, argued that the importance of this belief in the general strike was that it provided workers with a compelling myth that would encourage them to make sacrifices and endure privations for the sake of a better future.
		Sorel as a political economist emphasized the importance of class conflict as a means for economic revitalization.
	lists.econ.utah.edu /pipermail/leninist-international/1999-August/004749.html (1146 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Reflections on Violence (Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought): Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Georges Sorel's Reflections on Violence is one of the most controversial books of the twentieth century: J. Priestley argued that if one could grasp why a retired civil servant had written such a book then the modern age could be understood.
		Developing the ideas of violence, myth and the general strike, Sorel celebrates the heroic action of the proletariat as a means of saving the modern world from decadence and of re-invigorating the capitalist spirit of a timid bourgeoisie.
		This new edition of Sorel's classic text is accompanied by an editor's introduction by Jeremy Jennings, a leading scholar of political thought, both setting the work in its context and explaining its major themes.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/0521559103 (899 words)

	GEORGES SOREL
		Georges Sorel (1847-1922) wrote his treatise on syndicalism in 1908.
		The following excerpt includes Sorel's important notion of the general strike as a mythic belief, the widespread acceptance of which would prompt collective action by workers as well as soften employers' resolve against concessions.
		Syndicalism endeavours to employ methods of expression which throw a full light on things, which put them exactly in the place assigned to them by their nature, and which bring out the whole value of the forces in play.
	www.cooper.edu /humanities/classes/coreclasses/hss3/g_sorel.html (1041 words)

	Pragmatism by Philip Wiener in Dictionary of the History of Ideas
		Sorel's pragmatic conclusion to his peculiar "scientific ethics" and revolutionary myth of the general strike, reveals the missionary zeal of the syndicalist's hopes: "It is to violence that Socialism owes those high ethical values by means of which it brings salvation to the modern world" (ibid., p.
		Sorel's appeal to violence, so common to extreme militants of both fascistic and communistic camps, is certainly confuted by our core pragmatists who are concerned as reformers about the human effects or social consequences of resort to violence which so often breeds greater violence.
		This aim was a far cry from Sorel's appeal to the myth of a violent class war on the Marxist ground of historical materialism, but the dynamism is there, and the existentialists claim Bergson as one of their own.
	www.pragmatism.org /companion/pragmatism_wiener.htm (12947 words)

	History in Review - Reflections of Violence, by Georges Sorel
		Sorel was a socialist, and former Marxist, who lived in pre-communist Europe.
		Failure to study Sorel's work within the historical context in which he wrote, will cloud the readers understanding and appreciation of Sorel's underlaying socialist theory and his belief in the motivating power of myth.
		Sorel's theory on the power of myth was wholeheartedly adopted and expanded upon by the Fascist, in particular Benito Mussolini.
	www.largeprintreviews.com /gsorel.html (385 words)

	Georges Sorel, "Letter to Daniel Halevy" (1907)
		Georges Sorel (1847-1922) stated his theory of social myths most clearly in a letter to Daniel Halevy in 1907, from which these selections are taken.
		Sorel was a socialist, a syndicalist, and after 1917, a vigorous admirer of Lenin.
		Today the confidence of the Socialists is greater than ever since the myth of the general strike dominates all the truly working-class movement.
	www.historyguide.org /europe/sorel.html (808 words)

	Georges Sorel - TheBestLinks.com - George Sorel, Democracy, Dialectical materialism, France, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Georges Sorel - TheBestLinks.com - George Sorel, Democracy, Dialectical materialism, France,...
		George Sorel, Georges Sorel, Democracy, Dialectical materialism, France...
		Sorel rejected those Marxists who believed in inevitable and evolutionary change preferring a more "direct action" approach including general strikes, boycotts, and sabotage and constant disruption of capitalism in order to achieve worker control of the means of production.
	www.thebestlinks.com /George_Sorel.html (326 words)

	Marx, Sorel and the Nordic Worldview (1967) - Melbourne Anarchist Archives
		Sorel had the good fortune to become a theoretician of socialism at the turn of the century.
		Sorel's aim was to restore the proletariat to their correct status, to their role as the historic, the hero class of the epoch.
		By hero class, Sorel understood the nordic concept of man against social forces beyond his control, man drawn into struggle, rather than the aristocratic "chevalier" concept of man searching for noble deeds to do.
	www.takver.com /history/melb/maa21.htm (427 words)

	Shlomo Sand
		Georges Sorel et le débat intellectuel 1900, Paris, La Découverte, 1984, 281p.
		"Georges Sorel — Le Interpretazioni della Rivoluzione francese", in: B. Bongiovanni and L. Guerci (eds.), L'Albero della Rivoluzione, Turin, Einaudi, 1989, p.
		"Sorel and Marx: From Science to Myth", in: H. Shamir (ed.), France and Germany in the Age of Crisis, 1900 - 1960, Leiden, Brill, 1990, p.
	www.tau.ac.il /humanities/faculty/sand_shlomo (679 words)

	ipedia.com: Georges Sorel Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		George Sorel was a French philosopher and theorist of anarchosyndicalism.
		He tried to fill in what he saw as gaps in Marxist theory but ended up doing a thorough...
		He tried to fill in what he saw as gaps in Marxist theory but ended up doing a thoroughgoing revision (some would say rejection) of the ideology.
	www.ipedia.com /georges_sorel.html (334 words)

	Philosophy
		His father, a Lutheran minister, died when Nietzsche was five, and Nietzsche was raised by his mother in a home that included his grandmother, two aunts, and a sister.
		Georges Sorel - Georges Sorel was born in Normandy in 1847 and, after receiving a private education there, attended the Ecole Polytechnique, where he distinguished himself in mathematics.
		Oswald Spengler - The German historicist writer, Oswald Spengler, was born at Blankenburg, Harz, studied at Halle, Munich and Berlin and taught mathematics (1908) in Hamburg before devoting himself entirely to the compilation of the prophetic philosophy of history, The Decline of the West (Vol.
	www.oswaldmosley.com /people/people_philosophy.html (477 words)

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