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Topic: Soufriere Hills volcano

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	Soufriere Hills, Montserrat, West Indies
		Soufriere Hills, a stratovolcano on the island of Montserrat, began erupting on July 18, 1995.
		Activity at the volcano increased on the 25th, and extrusion in the northern part of the lava dome continued.
		The activity at the Soufriere Hills Volcano was at a higher level between 5 November and 12 November.
	volcano.und.nodak.edu /vwdocs/current_volcs/montserrat/montserrat.html (9518 words)

	Effects of Pyroclastic Flows and Surges at Soufriere Hills volcano, Montserrat
		Even before viscous lava first breached the old forest-covered lava dome of Soufriere Hills volcano in November 1995, scientists monitoring the volcano were concerned about the potential effects of pyroclastic flows and surges that would likely accompany the emplacement of a new dome in the volcano's summit crater.
		With the experience of dome growth and collapses from Unzen volcano in Japan fresh in their minds, and based on recent deposits that clearly identified a lava dome and many associated pyroclastic flows that were erupted from Soufriere Hills only 350 years ago, scientists knew what to expect if indeed a dome began to grow.
		The initial eruptive activity of Soufriere Hills began on July 18, 1995, and consisted of vigorous venting of steam and gas and a series of small steam explosions that formed ash-laden plumes less than 100 m tall.
	volcanoes.usgs.gov /Hazards/Effects/SoufriereHills_PFeffects.html (0 words)

	Well-studied volcano may be clue to better modeling
		"Testing the models of short duration vulcanian explosions against the 1997 explosions at the Soufriere Hills volcano revealed that the leakage of water vapor through the surrounding rocks greatly affects the energy of the explosion and that the overhang in a fountain collapse was not the source of the pyroclastic flows."
		In this way she validated the model, but also showed, by varying the amount of water vapor that leaked out the sides of the conduit, that this escape of water vapor is an important factor in the rate and force of explosions.
		Pressure builds up near the vent of the Soufriere Hills volcano and other andesite volcanoes because as magma rises and pressure reduces, water dissolved in the magma bubbles out of the melt and crystals form.
	www.scienceblog.com /community/older/2001/D/200114058.html (642 words)

	Savage Earth: Montserrat
		The eruption of the volcano, located on the southern part of the island, caused the collapse of a lava dome that had been steadily building in the volcano's crater for over two months.
		On June 25, 1997, after two years of precursory swelling and shaking, Soufriere Hills had uncorked a particularly damaging pyroclastic flow -- a fiery cloud of ash, gas, and rock -- that had killed at least ten residents and destroyed nine villages.
		Soufriere Hills has been relatively quiet in the months since the Boxing Day collapse, but experts at the Montserrat Volcano Observatory -- which was established after the June 25 disaster -- aren't ready to say that the worst is over.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/savageearth/volcanoes/html/sidebar2.html (401 words)

	CALIPSO monitors pulse of Soufriere Hills volcano
		Andesite volcanoes are the most important volcano type making up the Earth’s Ring of Fire, and have caused more fatalities than any other type of volcano.
		Andesitic volcanoes occur throughout the world in such places as Japan, Indonesia, the Andes, the Aleutian Islands and the North American Cascades.
		While the volcano has only been active for the past nine years, the island shows a long history of volcanic activity extending back thousands of years.
	www.physorg.com /news2429.html (711 words)

	CVO Website - Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat, West Indies
		Soufriere Hills volcano sits on the north flank of the older South Soufriere Hills volcano, located at the south end of Montserrat Island (13 x 8 kilometers).
		The complex andesitic Soufriere Hills volcano occupies the southern half of the island of Montserrat.
		The Soufriere Hills are a complex of andesitic domes; older andesitic domes and andesitic to basaltic lavas form nearby hills.
	vulcan.wr.usgs.gov /Volcanoes/WestIndies/Montserrat/description_soufriere_hills.html (0 words)

	[No title]
		Montserrat Volcano Observatory - Assessment of SHV and its Hazards - 18 Dec 1997')" href="http://click.hotbot.com/director.asp?site=search.lycos.com&partner=&start_group=retriever_topic&id=0&keys=Volcano+%28Geology%29&target=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geo.mtu.edu%2Fvolcanoes%2Fwest.indies%2Fsoufriere%2Fgovt%2Fmiscdocs%2Fassess121897.html">geo.mtu.edu
		Montserrat Volcano Observatory - Assessment of SHV and its Hazards - 18 Dec 1997')" href="http://click.hotbot.com/director.asp?site=search.lycos.com&partner=&start_group=retriever_topic&id=2&keys=Volcano+%28Geology%29&target=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geo.mtu.edu%2Fvolcanoes%2Fwest.indies%2Fsoufriere%2Fgovt%2Fmiscdocs%2Fassess121897.html">geo.mtu.edu
		The 1997 dome collapse, with 8.5 million cubic yards of lava and talus, was not the largest at the Soufriere Hills Volcano, although 19 people were killed by it and the event rewrote the political history of Montserrat.
	www.lycos.com /info/volcano-geology--soufriere-hills-volcano.html (396 words)

	University of the West Indies - Seismic Research Unit
		Volcanoes are vents or openings in the Earth's crust through which, hot, molten rock (called magma) and gases from the interior of the Earth are released.
		Volcanoes in the Eastern Caribbean are mainly steep-sided and roughly conical in shape.
		For this reason, public education and awareness in advance is crucial to successful disaster preparedness and mitigation programmes in that it equips the public with the necessary information to be able to make informed decisions and to facilitate (rather than obstruct) disaster response action in the event of a crisis.
	www.uwiseismic.com /Volcanoes/volc_hpage.html (606 words)

	info: Soufriere_Hills_volcano (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Soufriere Hills, Montserrat, West IndiesThe Soufriere Hills Volcano is exhibiting the highest level of sustained rockfall activity since the dome started erupting in November 1999.
		Soufriere Hills Volcano on the Caribbean island of Montserrat continued emitting a plume of ash...
		Soufriere Hills, Montserrat, West IndiesThe complex andesitic SoufriÃ¨re Hills volcano occupies the southern half of the island of Montserrat.
	www.napoli-pizza.net /Soufriere_Hills_volcano.html (811 words)

	Soufriére hills volcano (Montserrat): eruption update - Politics & Current Affairs Forum
		By 06:32 low-level ash clouds were drifting to the northwest of the volcano from the crater area and a steam-rich plume was rising to 6,000ft.
		During the reporting period, seismicity was dominated by an increase in the number of hybrid and volcano tectonic earthquakes and a decrease in long period rockfall signals relative to the previous reporting period.
		The new lava dome in the Soufriére hills volcano
	www.politicsandcurrentaffairs.co.uk /Forum/general-chat/24562-soufriere-hills-volcano-montserrat.html (1335 words)

	Planet Diary Archive 2006 - Volcano - Soufriere Hills Volcano Erupts Again (Site not responding. Last check: )
		View of the Soufriere Hills volcano on the West Indies island of Montserrat.
		The Soufriere Hills volcano on the island of Montserrat in the West Indies erupted again, blasting thick clouds of ash and steam high into the sky.
		The southern zone of the volcano was closed off but the eruption did not affect the island's northern side where all of Montserrat's 5,000 villagers live.
	www.phschool.com /science/planetdiary/archive06/volc2090906.html (276 words)

	[No title]
		Topics of specific interest to this solicitation include the use of remote sensing and geodetic techniques to understand the geologic controls on eruptions processes, determination and understanding of eruption recurrence intervals, the nature and dynamics of magmatic plumbing systems, lava/ash emplacement and remobilization processes, and the consequences of volcanic eruptions on short term climatic phenomena.
		No one can predict when a volcano like Montserrat will explode, but geologists monitoring these kinds of volcanoes can at least tell you when things are getting "tense".
		Montserrat Volcano Observatory - Assessment of SHV and its Hazards - 18 Dec 1997')" href="http://click.hotbot.com/director.asp?site=search.lycos.com&partner=&start_group=retriever_topic&id=3&keys=Volcano+%28Geology%29&target=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geo.mtu.edu%2Fvolcanoes%2Fwest.indies%2Fsoufriere%2Fgovt%2Fmiscdocs%2Fassess121897.html">geo.mtu.edu
	lycos.cs.cmu.edu /info/volcano-geology.html (695 words)

	Geotimes - August 2003 - Geophenomena
		Much of the bromine gas from volcanoes probably sits in the lower 10 kilometers of the atmosphere, the troposphere, making its impact on public health unclear, says paper co-author Ulrich Platt, an atmospheric chemist at the University of Heidelberg in Germany.
		Researchers are measuring bromine emissions from Soufriere Hills on Montserrat to understand its contribution to tropospheric ozone depletion.
		Volcanoes emit large volumes of sulfur, and measurements from a host of volcanoes throughout the world have narrowed the estimate of the global sulfur flux to about 14 million tons per year.
	www.agiweb.org /geotimes/aug03/geophen.html (832 words)

	Soufriere Hills Volcano - Ten Years On
		The Soufrière Hills Volcano on Montserrat began erupting on the 18th July, 1995.
		The eruption continues to stimulate a great deal of research in all spheres of volcanology and volcano seismology ranging from issues concerning magma generation to the development of tools aimed at improving the interface between science and society.
		Although focused on the Soufrière Hills Volcano, the meeting will provide a forum for scientific debate on a wide range of volcanic phenomena and contributions from researchers in any of the topics listed below are welcome.
	www.uwiseismic.com /shv2005/shv2005_circlr1.html (553 words)

	Volcano forces evacuations in Montserrat - Boston.com
		Hundreds of people living at the base of Montserrat's Soufriere Hills volcano evacuated as a lava dome grew to dangerous levels in the British Caribbean island.
		Scientists at the Montserrat Volcano Observatory said some pyroclastic flows already have been observed but that they are at a safe distance.
		The Soufriere Hills volcano sprang to life in 1995, and more than half the territory's 12,000 inhabitants moved away.
	www.boston.com /news/world/latinamerica/articles/2007/01/04/volcano_forces_evacuations_in_montserrat (237 words)

	Study Of Soufriere Hills Volcano Provides Clues To Explosive Eruptions & Eruption Predictions
		In today's (Feb. 19) issue of the journal Science, the researchers note that their analysis of the Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat, British West Indies, is applicable to other andesite volcanos, the predominant type of explosive volcano worldwide.
		Montserrat Volcano's Renewed Activity Aids In Unraveling Mechanism Of Dome Collapse (Jan. 19, 2000) — The Soufriere Hills Volcano on Montserrat became active again in November after 19 months of inactivity, and the pattern of volcanic activity seems to have picked up where it left off, according to a...
		Under The Volcano: Gases Yield Clues To Mount St. Helens' Next Eruption (Oct. 15, 2004) —; Research reported in the journal Science shows that rocks erupted from the Mount St Helens volcano in 1980 preserve a remarkable record of the goings-on beneath the volcano in the period prior to its...
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/1999/02/990219081247.htm (1622 words)

	Global Volcanism Program \| Soufrière Hills \| Summary
		The complex, dominantly andesitic SoufriÃ¨re Hills volcano occupies the southern half of the island of Montserrat.
		Non-eruptive seismic swarms occurred at 30-year intervals in the 20th century, but with the exception of a 17th-century eruption that produced the Castle Peak lava dome, no historical eruptions were recorded on Montserrat until 1995.
		Long-term small-to-moderate ash eruptions beginning in that year were later accompanied by lava-dome growth and pyroclastic flows that forced evacuation of the southern half of the island and ultimately destroyed the capital city of Plymouth, causing major social and economic disruption.
	www.volcano.si.edu /world/volcano.cfm?vnum=1600-05= (0 words)

	The Dispatch - Serving the Lexington, NC - News (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Seismic activity had occurred at the volcano for most of the 20th century, but 1995 was the first time an eruption had occurred.
		When pyroclastic flows and mudflows began occurring regularly, Plymouth (the capital city) was evacuated, and a few weeks later a pyroclastic flow covered the city in several metres of debris.
		The volcano has become one of the most closely monitored volcanoes in the world since its eruption began, with the Montserrat Volcano Observatory taking detailed measurements and reporting on its activity to the government and population of Montserrat.
	www.the-dispatch.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Soufriere_Hills_volcano (362 words)

	Montserrat volcano shoots ash 5 miles
		A cloud of superheated ash and gas flows from the Soufriere Hills volcano, as seen from Olveston, Montserrat, Monday, Jan. 8, 2007.
		The government has advised about 50 families on the northwestern side of the volcano's base that their homes were at risk from flows of blistering gas and debris if the dome collapses.
		The Soufriere Hills volcano became active in 1995, and more than half the territory's 12,000 inhabitants moved away.
	www.chinadaily.com.cn /world/2007-01/09/content_778150.htm (425 words)

	Soufriere Hills Volcano - Ten Years On
		The Soufrière Hills Volcano on Montserrat began erupting on 18 July 1995.
		As a consequence, the volcano has become a natural laboratory for the science of volcanology.
		Although focused on Soufrière Hills Volcano, the meeting will provide a forum for scientific debate on a wide range of volcanic phenomena and contributions from researchers in vaerity of topics.
	www.uwiseismic.com /shv2005/shv2005_index.html (441 words)

	Study Of Soufriere Hills Volcano Provides Clues To Explosive Eruptions & Eruption Predictions
		University Park, Pa. -- A study of the Soufriere Hills Volcano provides important clues to short-term prediction of and the mechanisms behind cyclic eruptions of the most common type of volcanoes, according to an international team of volcanologists.
		In today's (Feb. 19) issue of the journal Science, the researchers note that their analysis of the Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat, British West Indies, is applicable to other andesite volcanos, the predominant type of explosive volcano worldwide.
		The magma inside the volcano contained water that was boiling off and trying to escape as the hot mass rose.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/1999-02/PS-SOSH-180299.php (1103 words)

	No sign of change in the Montserrat Soufriere Hills Volcano - Scientific Advisory Committee
		The explosions that accompanied the collapse sent ash to a height of 20 kilometres, the highest so far recorded for Soufriere Hills.
		Lava began to form a new dome within hours of the collapse on 20 May 2006 at a high extrusion rate of about ten cubic metres per second.
		The long-term deformation of the ground around the volcano suggests that the way magma is leaving the deep reservoir is the same as seen in the second episode of dome growth.
	www.cdera.org /cunews/sitrep/montserrat/article_1727.php (615 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Rabaul volcano on the island of New Britain erupted unexpectedly in September 1994.
		The probability of such an event at the Soufriere Hills volcano has been estimated at 0.05% (1 in 2000) in the next six months.
		Montserrat Volcano Observatory - Assessment of SHV and its Hazards - 18 Dec 1997')" href="http://click.hotbot.com/director.asp?site=search.lycos.com&partner=&start_group=retriever_topic_more&id=4&keys=Volcano+%28Geology%29&target=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geo.mtu.edu%2Fvolcanoes%2Fwest.indies%2Fsoufriere%2Fgovt%2Fmiscdocs%2Fassess121897.html">geo.mtu.edu
	www.lycos.com /info/volcano-geology--miscellaneous.html?page=3 (350 words)

	Millennium Ark: Hot News (Site not responding. Last check: )
		It said access to all areas south of Richmond Hill, and south of Jack Boy Hill to Bramble Airport and beyond were prohibited at all times.
		Last month the dome of the Soufriere Hills Volcano collapsed, sending pyroclastic flows down the eastern side of the island and ash clouds to just over 12,000 feet in the air.
		The Soufriere Hills Volcano roared to life in 1995 after years of being dormant.
	www.millennium-ark.net /NEWS/06_Earth_Changes/060715.Soufriere.Hills.volc.html (175 words)

	CNN.com - Volcano sends ash 20,000 feet in the air - Mar. 3, 2004
		A major eruption at Montserrat's volcano sent a massive cloud of ash about 20,000 feet into the sky Wednesday, but no injuries or damage were reported, officials said.
		Montserrat's volcano sprang to life in 1995, eventually leading more than half the island's population to move away.
		Scientists monitor the volcano and report any changes to the island's 4,500 residents, who live in northern areas declared safe.
	cnn.com /2004/WORLD/americas/03/03/montserrat.volcano.ap/index.html (279 words)

	@RISK, PrecisionTree Critical in Preparing for Volcano Eruption, Case Study - Palisade
		A British physicist who specializes in risk analysis of earthquakes and volcano eruptions, Willy has an ongoing assignment on the Caribbean island of Montserrat-to keep tabs on the Soufriere Hills volcano and the risks it poses to the inhabitants of the island.
		It continued seething for two years and started to produce what geophysicists refer to as a "dome." Over this time, inhabitants of the island grew desensitized to potential dangers of eruption, and when the dome collapsed explosively in 1997, some people on the island were unprepared.
		The Soufriere Hills volcano remains active, and it remains a hazard.
	www.palisade.com /cases/volcano.asp (524 words)

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