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Topic: Sound recording and reproduction

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	Sound recording and reproduction - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sound recording and reproduction is the electrical or mechanical re-creation and/or amplification of sound, often as music.
		The invention of the compact cassette in the 1960's, followed by the walkman, gave a major boost to the mass distribution of music recordings, and the invention of digital recording and the compact disc in 1983 brought massive improvements in ruggedness and quality.
		Multitrack recording makes it possible to capture sound from several microphones, or from different 'takes' to tape or disc with maximum headroom and quality, allowing maximum flexibility in the mixing and mastering stages for editing, level balancing, compressing and limiting, and the addition of effects such as reverberation, equalisation, flanging and many more.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sound_recording (318 words)

	sound recording. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Generally, in recording, the sound waves impinge on a microphone and are converted into an electrical signal that is recorded by a tape recorder.
		For stereophonic sound the stylus vibrates vertically, as well as from side to side, recording one sound channel in the left wall of the groove and one in the right.
		The sound to be recorded is converted into an electrical signal that is used to modulate the intensity of a beam of light.
	www.bartleby.com /65/so/soundrec.html (686 words)

	Acoustical Society of America 138th Meeting Lay Language Papers
		Ideally, the sound field at the ears of the listener resembles the sound field of a live performance, including ambiance cues to the acoustical character of a performance space.
		Reproduction: Because the loudspeaker systems for individual instruments are physically separate and can be placed appropriately in the listener's room, the radiation pattern of the ensemble can approximate the pattern of instruments in space.
		Recordings are made with contact transducers as usual and, using a separate recorder, with acoustical microphones.
	www.acoustics.org /press/138th/hartmann.htm (1536 words)

	Sound recording: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		A gramophone record or phonograph record (often simply record) is an analogue sound recording medium: a flat disc rotating at a constant angular...
		The vinyl record is a type of gramophone record, most popular from the 1950s to the 1990s, that was most commonly used for mass-produced recordings of musi...
		Multitrack recording is a method of sound recording that allows for the recording and re-recording of multiple sound sources, independent of time....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/so/sound_recording.htm (8252 words)

	Copyright Law and Sound Recording (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Sound recordings are defined in the law as "works that result from the fixation of a series of musical, spoken, or other sounds, but not including the sounds accompanying a motion picture or other audiovisual work." Common examples include recordings of music, drama, or lectures.
		Copyright in a sound recording protects the particular series of sounds "fixed" (embodied in a recording) against unauthorized reproduction and revision, unauthorized distribution of phonorecords containing those sounds, and certain unauthorized performances by means of a digital audio transmission.
		Generally speaking, for a new sound recording to be a work made for hire, it must be made by an employee within his or her scope of employment.
	www.justiceforyall.com /docs/Copyright_Recording.asp (4205 words)

	Sound
		Sir Isaac Newton - (late 1660's) formulated a relationship between the speed of sound in a medium and the density and compressibility in a medium.
		The essential components of sound recording and reproduction are the microphone, speaker and amplifier.
		A precaution that we take to protect ourselves and the environment from the dangers of sound waves is using a muffler on a car, to help quiet car engines, wearing ear plugs when a loud noise is constantly around us.
	www.smgaels.org /physics/sound_1.htm (820 words)

	Acoustical Society of America - The Wave Theory of Sound
		Such areas as speech, music, sound recording and reproduction, telephony, sound reinforcement, audiology, architectural acoustics, and noise control have strong association with the sensation of hearing.
		Gassendi (a contemporary of Mersenne and Galileo), for example, argued that sound is due to a stream of "atoms" emitted by the sounding body; velocity of sound is the speed of atoms; frequency is number emitted per unit time.
		The theory ultimately proposed for sound in the eighteenth century was incomplete from many standpoints, but modern theories of today can be regarded for the most part as refinements of that developed by Euler and his contemporaries.
	asa.aip.org /pierce.html (1099 words)

	Ambiophonic Principles for the Recording and Reproduction of Surround Sound for Music
		A) Binaural methods: the sound field is originally recorded with some sort of dummy head microphone, and reproduced by delivering the recorded signals unaltered to the entrances of the ear canals of the listener.
		The common binaural methods are very sensitive to both the shape and directional characteristics of the original microphone employed for the recording and of the particular human head of the listener [1].
		Thus a pure binaural technique is limited to the amateur recording of live music, and is obviously not applicable to the reproduction of the large catalogue of already existing recordings often made using a so-called stereo microphone which is usually inherently unsuitable for binaural reproduction especially via earphones.
	www.ambiophonics.org /Ambiophonic_Principles/Farina_et_al_1.htm (745 words)

	Emile Berliner and the Birth of the Recording Industry: The Gramophone
		Discs had a constant deep groove with the sound vibrations on its walls, therefore the stylus could fit down into the groove and the groove itself would pull the stylus (with its attached tone arm and horn) across the face of the disc.
		Recordings were made in both Washington and Philadelphia, stampers were made in the Washington laboratory, pressings were made by Duranoid, and sales were handled from New York.
		One of the few existing catalogs of their records, in the Library of Congress's collections, shows that a Wonder record was simply a copy of a Berliner record but with the numeral "1" added to the disc number.
	memory.loc.gov /ammem/berlhtml/berlgramo.html (3319 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Sound recording
		During the war, the Allies became aware of radio broadcasts that seemed to be transcriptions (much of this due to the work of Richard_H._Ranger), but their audio quality was indistinguishable from that of a live broadcast and their duration was far longer than was possible with 78rpm discs.
		The next major development in magnetic tape was multitrack recording, in which the tape is divided into multiple tracks parallel with each other.
		Much of the credit for the development of multitrack recording goes to guitarist, composer and technician Les Paul, who also designed the famous electric guitar that bears his name.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Sound_recording (4350 words)

	SMPTE.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Gray has also contributed to the maintaining of the alignment standards in motion picture theaters and is best recognized for his achievement of the highest quality optical sound reproduction, particularly at the Academy Theater in Hollywood.
		He headed the development team that created the Sonics DDP digital sound playback systems and is a pioneer in the development of digital sound for motion pictures.
		The system allowed the director to use streams of sound impressionistically, and the film became a watershed in the industry for its pronounced effect of coincident speech and sound.
	www.smpte.org /membership/warner.cfm (1577 words)

	Sound Recording (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		To create sufficient sound, a tuba would have to substitute for a double bass, and other adjustments in scoring were needed to make it possible.
		Arthur Nikisch's recording of Beethoven's Fifth Symphony in 1913 was the first complete recording of a symphony by a high-level orchestra and conductor.
		Recorded sound: Journal of the British Institute of Recorded Sound (1961-)
	faculty.smu.edu /creynold/6335introtogradstudies/soundrecording.htm (680 words)

	AllRefer.com - sound recording (Electrical Engineering) - Encyclopedia
		You are here : AllRefer.com > Reference > Encyclopedia > Electrical Engineering > sound recording
		sound recording, process of converting the acoustic energy of sound into some form in which it can be permanently stored and reproduced at any time.
		More articles from AllRefer Reference on sound recording
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/soundrec.html (753 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		At this digital age, proper sound recording and reproduction makes a big difference in the quality of communication and entertainment products.
		We recognize that rapid advancements in audio recording and application technologies require innovative sound enginnering.
		If you have any audio or sound recording, editing or duplication questions, please, do contact us for answers.
	www.silvertrust.net /audio.html (313 words)

	sound recording
		The greatest advances, however, were made after the adoption in 1925 of electromechanical systems using electronic amplifiers (see
		stereophonic sound - stereophonic sound, sound recorded simultaneously through two or more electronic channels.
		motion picture photography: Sound - Sound From 1927, the addition of the soundtrack to film posed the problem of incorporating sound...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/sci/A0846010.html (665 words)

	Quarktet SeDDaRA Sound
		In other words, a microphone will alter the way a sound wave sounds because it is difficult to match the response of a microphone to that of the human ear.
		The sound was no doubt recorded as an analogue signal, and someone in cyberspace had converted them to digital files.
		Potentially this technology will provide such devices as hearing aids, sound systems, and telephones with the ability to not only enhance their reproduction, but also diminish the artifacts produced by the instrument that recorded the sound, and the surrounding environment.
	www.quarktet.com /Sound.html (484 words)

	[No title]
		CHARACTERISTIC DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES Consult with and/or advise designers and technicians on use of lighting equipment, and recording and reproduction of sound; oversee and/or perform equipment installation and inspect for safety and conformity with production plans.
		Maintain lighting, sound equipment and facilities in assigned spaces.
		Record and evaluate time and materials costs, project use for equipment and supplies, and prepare budget requests.
	www.uiowa.edu /hr/classcomp/psdesc/PP05.doc (531 words)

	Find in a Library: From microphone to ear; modern sound-recording and reproduction technique.
		Find in a Library: From microphone to ear; modern sound-recording and reproduction technique.
		From microphone to ear; modern sound-recording and reproduction technique.
		WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
	www.worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/17672ff1ac2923cf.html (66 words)

	Vienna Classification - Category 16 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Telecommunication, television, sound recording or sound reproduction apparatus and equipment, computers
		Discs for sound, image and data recording and reproduction; sleeves and boxes for discs
		Other apparatus for telecommunication or the recording or reproduction of sound
	www.wipo.int /classifications/fulltext/vienna5/enb16.htm (65 words)

	Thumbnails for Sound Recording and Reproduction (Sound on Film)
		Thumbnails for Sound Recording and Reproduction (Sound on Film)
		Return to Program DetailsThumbnails for Sound Recording and Reproduction (Sound on Film)
		Below are images for each minute in the program.
	www.archive.org /movies/thumbnails.php?identifier=SoundRec1943 (30 words)

	Soundreproduction.com
		Does your system sound rather thin during the dry winter months?
		Try humidifying the air to 45-55% relative humidity (RH) in your listening room.
		Listen for an increase of overall warmth in the sound after introducing moisture into the air.
	www.soundreproduction.com (230 words)

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