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	Doppler Shift for Sound and Light
		in a material medium the Doppler frequency shift depends on whether the emitter or the absorber is moving relative to the fixed medium.
		More generally, we can give the Doppler shift for the case when the (inertial) motions of the emitter and absorber are at any specified angles relative to the "line of sight".
		This differs in appearance from the Doppler shift equation given in Einstein’s 1905 paper, but only because, in Einstein’s equation, the angle f is evaluated with respect to the emitter’s rest frame, whereas in our equation the angle is evaluated with respect to the absorber’s rest frame.
	www.mathpages.com /rr/s2-04/2-04.htm (1474 words)

	Shift
		Chain shift In the study of phonetic changes, a chain shift is a type of sound shift in which a group of sounds all chan...
		Constantinian shift Constantinian shift is a term used by Constantine I. Critics of the merger of church and state point...
		Shift register In digital circuits a shift register is a group of registers set up in a linear fashion which have their...
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/shift.html (601 words)

	High German consonant shift - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Precise dating would in any case be difficult since each shift may have begun with one word or a group of words in the speech of one locality, and gradually extended by lexical diffusion to all words with the same phonological pattern, and then over a longer period of time spread to wider geographical areas.
		The phenomenon that an early phase of a sound shift leaves a gap (in this case voiceless stops) which a later phase then fills by means of a chain shift is familiar enough; Grimm's law proceeds in a similar sequence.
		Not only do the individual sound shifts within a phase vary in their distribution (phase 3, for example, partly affects the whole of Upper German and partly only the southernmost dialects within Upper German), but there are even slight variations from word to word in the distribution of the same consonant shift.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Second_Germanic_sound_shift (2118 words)

	Second Germanic sound shift (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The second Germanic sound shift (zweite germanische Lautverschiebung in German), which took place during the 7th and 8th centuries, separated High German from Low German.
		Although the sound shift affected mainly consonants, it is frequently referred to as a vowel shift in English.
		Under the influence of the sound shift, the unvoiced plosives p, t and k were transformed to pf or f, ts or s, and ch, respectively.
	www.encyclopedia-1.com /s/se/second_germanic_sound_shift.html (108 words)

	Old-Time Radio Sound Effects
		The use of the term "sound man" throughout this article is neither an oversight nor a slight to the ladies in radio.
		When Barney Beck and Ray Erlenborn handle the sound effects at the re-creations of OTR shows at recent conventions in Newark, Cincinnati, and Los Angeles, they know their audience would be bored with great sounds coming from the turntable but fascinated with all the manual sound effects.
		In summary, the successful combination of recorded and manual sound effects, suggested by the script writer, modified by the director, and created and produced by the sound effects personnel was, in many cases, the difference between a good program and a great one.
	www.old-time.com /sfx.html (2186 words)

	AllRefer.com - Doppler effect (Physics) - Encyclopedia
		The small deviations or shifts are generally due to the relative motion of the celestial object and the earth.
		Both blue shifts and red shifts are observed for various objects, indicating relative motion both toward and away from the earth.
		Such shifts have been used to measure the orbital velocity of the earth, to detect binary stars and variable stars, and to detect rotation of other galaxies.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/D/Dopplere.html (483 words)

	ddrum4: Shift functions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		In order to access the shift functions you are required to press and hold the SHIFT button immediately before selecting one of the functions that are labeled on the panel below the function buttons.
		The shift functions are related to the management of the sound memory including the removal and replacement of sounds.
		If you have marked some sounds and leave the shift functions without deleting them, they will be unmarked and you have to start all over, marking them again at a later stage.
	www.clavia.se /ddrum/sounds/page23.htm (865 words)

	Sound Forge 8 - FreeFunFiles.com - A free download site
		Sound Forge software is the tool of choice for media professionals who want to create and edit digital audio files with absolute speed and precision.
		Sound Forge software is everything you need to analyze, record, and edit audio, produce music loops, digitize and clean-up old recordings, model acoustic environments, create streaming media, and master replication-ready CDs.
		Sound Forge software automatically scans sections of your file and marks sample peaks that are clipping for easy fixing.
	www.freefunfiles.com /software/audiovideo/musiceditors/sound-forge-8.html (713 words)

	chain shift (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		In the study of phonetic changes, a chain shift is a type of sound shift in which a group of sounds all change at about the same time, with some sounds taking the place of others.
		Examples of sound shifts that have occurred in English are the Great Vowel Shift and the ongoing Northern cities vowel shift.
		For example, a set of plosives that have a voiced / voiceless distinction may shift to have a aspirated / unaspirated distinction.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /chain_shift.html (183 words)

	Learn the Ancient Hebrew Alephbet - Lesson 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		A common sound shift over time is a "t" sound to a "d" as they are both similar in sound and are formed by the tongue and teeth.
		Another common shift in sounds is the "l" to an "r".
		Sound: k (when this letter is at the beginnng of a syllable it is pronounced "k", when at the end of a syllable it is "kh" as in the name "Bach")
	www.ancient-hebrew.org /7_ancient_2.html (607 words)

	BioWaves Sound Therapy
		BioWaves Sound Therapy is a new alternative therapy which is researching the effects of low frequency sound and vibration on human health and wellness.
		Sound Therapy is a new exciting field with the potential to completely shift our heath care paradigms.
		Since every person's voice is unique, the resulting frequency voice analysis map when recorded and analyzed with The Sound Assistant™ software, may show indications of physical and/or emotional issues at the time of the recording.
	www.biowaves.com (1583 words)

	Germanic languages -> Common Characteristics on Encyclopedia.com 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Strong evidence for the unity of all the modern Germanic languages can be found in the phenomenon known as the first Germanic sound shift or consonant shift (also called Grimm's law), which set the Germanic subfamily apart from the other members of the Indo-European family.
		Consisting of a regular shifting of consonants in groups, the sound shift had already occurred by the time adequate records of the various Germanic languages began to be made in the 7th to 9th cent.
		For example, the sounds p, d, t, and k in the former became f, t, th, and h respectively in the latter, as in Latin pater, English father; Latin dent, English tooth; and Latin cornu, English horn.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/section/GermancLan_CommonCharacteristics.asp (574 words)

	Custom sound player
		The one I explain here supports loading the sound shift registers with any value which is a feature that is only used by a few of the commercial games.
		The sound hardware is just a 24 bit shift register with one end connected to the sound output.
		The number of sounds the hardware can create is very limited and creating a tone with a certain frequency is beyond the scope of the BIOS code.
	soeren.informationstheater.de /g7000/sound.html (1089 words)

	Physics 20 - Characteristics of Sound - The Doppler Effect
		The red shift of the star's spectrum indicates that the distance between an observed star and the earth may be increasing.
		Explain that when a sound source generating waves moves relative to an observer, or when an observer moves relative to a source, there is an apparent shift in frequency.
		Use a video camera to record the sound and motion of a vehicle with its horn sounding while it is stationary and as it passes by the camera on the highway.
	www.sasked.gov.sk.ca /docs/physics/u5c32phy.html (638 words)

	Chapter9 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		It seems to me that Curtius has demonstrated that the sound shift began with the lowering of the aspirates to mediae, which in turn led to the raising of the genuine mediae into tenues, and further the old tenues into aspirates.
		The Gothic sound conditions of the mutes are identical with Primitive Germanic in by far the most cases, but not always, just [107] as little as the grammar of this dialect does not always have the oldest forms.
		Grimm finds boldness in the shift of the mediae to the tenues, and accordingly seems to view this as the starting point; I heard Bopp present the entire shift as a weakening of sound, completely opposite to Grimm, and he put the change of the tenues to aspirates at the beginning.
	www.utexas.edu /cola/depts/lrc/iedocctr/ie-docs/lehmann/reader/Chapter9.html (4370 words)

	C-ship: The Doppler Shift
		From Doppler's formula, we can expect the frequency of sound approaching the train to be shifted to 10% higher pitch, and sounds receding shifted to 10% lower pitch, roughly the difference between two adjacent white keys on a piano keyboard.
		The reason we notice the Doppler shift of sound but not of light is simply the consequence of the tremendous difference in the speed of sound and the speed of light.
		The Doppler shift predicted by classical physics is shown in red and the correct prediction of special relativity in green.
	www.fourmilab.ch /cship/doppler.html (756 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - sound shift
		Sound, physical phenomenon that stimulates the sense of hearing.
		Sound Recording and Reproduction, technology used to record, store, and play back sounds.
		Map of The Sound (sound, New South Wales)
	encarta.msn.com /sound+shift.html (134 words)

	Command Line ~ CDP STRANGE Functions
		In effect, the original sound is replaced by the glisandoing tone, but the articulations of the original are retained, i.e., the rhythm and attack transients of the spectral envelope are notably the same.
		However, the tone of the sound is greatly altered, acquiring in Mode 2 as noted above a mushy twang with low values for spacing and a rather hollow vibrating sound with higher values for spacing.
		Because formants are involved, input sounds with significant resonance features work well with this function, e.g., vocal and some drum sounds, especially those lower in the frequency range.
	www.bath.ac.uk /~masjpf/cdp/cstrange.htm (1392 words)

	[No title]
		The velocity of sound in air is approximately 345 m/s which is comparable with velocity of objects in our world so the Doppler shift in sound frequency is likely to happen.
		Restricting the direction of particles radiated from sound source according to a prediction about their way to the listener may fasten the computational time, but the results may be inaccurate especially in complex scenes.
		Once all the sounds that listener can hear from its position are found and adjusted according to acoustics parameters of VR scene, an actual output should be performed that would be capable of persuading the listener that all the sound sources exist on their ``virtual'' positions.
	www.cg.tuwien.ac.at /studentwork/CESCG/CESCG97/miksicek/vrSound.html (1761 words)

	photos/review of bsxmf: sound/shift04
		A DIY shamanic sound installation, accompanied by action paintings, contact improv dancers, and a film diary festival was a beautiful ruminative remedy to these not-so-beautiful times.
		The music portion of the festival was organized around a variation of John Berndt's Sound/Shift concept, which is ideal for bringing musicians from different geographies, ideologies, and experience together with no aesthetic constraints other than that the music be wholly (holy?) improvised.
		Entering the space of this type of sound sculpture is as much about life as it is about the music.
	www.paxrecordings.com /News_events/bigsurexpfest_photos01.htm (1036 words)

	GERMANIC CONSONANT SHIFT
		The shift is described here in articulatory terms, showing the development of each sound.
		In this same step, the voiced fricative z became an r-like sound that was spelled with a distinctive letter (transliterated a) in the early runic inscriptions of North Germanic; it later merged with the r inherited from Indo-European.
		The English word may be based on a form with affixes added to the root or may involve a change in vowel, but the Indo-European consonants correspond regularly with those in the root of the English word.
	www.tutorpal.com /Our_English/germanic/consonant_shift.html (331 words)

	Chain shift - Term Explanation on IndexSuche.Com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		is a type of sound shift in which a group of sounds all change at about the same time, with some sounds taking the place of others.
		Examples of sound shifts that have occurred in English are the Great_Vowel_Shift and the ongoing Northern_cities_vowel_shift.
		While a chain shift usually occurs as a set of vowel_shifts, chain shifts can also occur in consonants.
	www.indexsuche.com /Chain_shift.html (139 words)

	THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The explanation is that the sound waves have a fixed wavelength (distance between two crests or two troughs) only if you're not moving relative to the source of the sound.
		In detail the amount of shift depends a little differently on the speed, since we have to do the calculation in the context of special relativity.
		The main difference between light and sound is that to get a detectable Doppler effect you have to be moving at a speed which isn't tiny relative to the speed of the waves.
	astron.berkeley.edu /~mwhite/darkmatter/dopplershift.html (567 words)

	T.I.K. - Toronto Industrial Kollective (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Antigen Shift, and fellow Ottawa band Iszolscope, blew Gridlock out of the water in their performance, which, although playing before a home town crowd, was energetic and pumping (almost too much so for my old ears).
		Antigen Shift's sound is different from most of the rhythmic noise music that is coming out as of late in that it is not so techno influenced, it depends on just 'industrialized' brutal beats.
		But this is where Antigen Shift's appeal comes from, that the music can overcome the simplistic labelling of the sub-genres, and create somethingrefreshingly new.
	www.industrialkollective.org /reviews/antigenshift (676 words)

	Germanic
		The method used for this is the investigation of regular correspondences in the sounds of the central vocabulary.
		Later on in the development of West-Germanic (5th - 8th century) there was a second sound shift, which is of less relevance for the development of Dutch but which does explain many of the differences between Dutch and German.
		The sound shift began in the south of the German-speaking areas, and spread north as far as the so-called "Benrather Line.
	www.ned.univie.ac.at /Publicaties/taalgeschiedenis/en/germaans.htm (808 words)

	Re: Computer simulation [algorthym ] of the doppler effect for sound?
		At the risk of boring you with information that you already know, the Doppler shift for sound is given by a fairly simple formula, so long as the motions of the source and observer are below the speed of sound.
		In the above equation, V is the speed of sound, V_o is the motion of the observer towards or away from the source, and V_s is the motion of the source toward or away from the observer.
		It would be system-dependent, but in principle fairly simple to have the computer output sound of a given frequency, set by a pre-determined emitted frequency (or spectrum), and a relative motion of source and observer.
	www.madsci.org /posts/archives/aug99/935590688.Ph.r.html (377 words)

	German language - translate Spanish, English, German, French
		The Second Sound Shift divides Germany into a smaller Northern part (without the sound shift) and a larger central and Southern part (with the sound shift).
		Since the part of Germany where there was no Second Sound Shift are the North German Lowlands, their language is called Low German as distinct from High German.
		Of the languages related to High German, that is, languages that have undergone the Second Sound Shift at least partially, there is only one besides German which has such a status: Luxemburgish (Lëtzebuergesch) is an official language in Luxemburg along with both French and German.
	www.leosam.com /german (685 words)

	Psháradíli - The Language of the Tsara (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Final vowels [which had formerly preceded the approximants lost in shift 7] are lengthened and diphthongized as a result of the approximant loss.
		A very prominant result of these sound shifts was the elimination of the native pronominal structure.
		With the sound shifts, the distinction between the 2nd and 3rd person was effectively nullified.
	jashan.net /sites/conlangs/tsaran/language/development2.html (487 words)

	Sample Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		On the other hand, the Germanic voiced stop cannot have resulted directly from the Indo-European voiceless stop by voicing, for this would be a sound innovation directly counter to the main direction of the sound shift, which produced a voiceless stop from the Indo-European voiced stop.
		He assumes that the shift to voiced stops occurs "in frequently used words (like fadar, môdar)" consequently the regular shift occurs in less frequently used words (139).
		IE k, t, p first shifted to h, þ, f in all environments; the voiceless fricatives thus originating, together with the voiceless fricative s inherited from Indo-European, then became voiced medially in voiced environments, but remained voiceless when they were the final sounds of accented syllables.
	www.utexas.edu /cola/depts/lrc/iedocctr/ie-docs/lehmann/reader/Chapter11.html (8732 words)

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