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Topic: Souphanouvong

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	Souphanouvong Summary
		Souphanouvong, or the "Red Prince,"; born in Luang Prabang in 1901, was the leader of the Pathet Lao, or Lao Nation, resistance government.
		Souphanouvong formed the Lao People's Party in 1956 with Kaysone Phomvihane, and was a lifelong member of its central committee.
		Souphanouvong was opposed by Prime Minister Souvanna Phouma (1901–1984), his half brother, and was arrested after the collapse of the first coalition government in 1959 but escaped in 1960.
	www.bookrags.com /Souphanouvong (481 words)

	Souphanouvong - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Prince Souphanouvong (July 13, 1909 - January 9, 1995) was, along with his half-brother Prince Souvanna Phouma and Prince Boun Oum of Champasak, one of the "Three Princes" who represented respectively the communist (pro-Vietnam), neutralist, and royalist political factions in Laos.
		He was the figurehead president of Laos from December 1975 to October 1986, a period where the country was effectively under the control of Vietnam.
		Souphanouvong was one of the sons of Prince Bounkhong, the last vice-king of Luang Prabang.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Souphanouvong (263 words)

	SOUPHANOUVONG, PRINCE. The Columbia Encyclopedia: Sixth Edition. 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		He was a Pathet Lao delegate to the Geneva Conference on Laos (1961–62), and in the resulting coalition government he was vice premier and minister of economic planning.
		In 1973, an agreement was reached with Souvanna Phouma ending the fighting, and a new coalition government was formed (1974) with Souphanouvong heading an advisory body.
		When the Pathet Lao came to power as a result of the North Vietnamese victory in Vietnam in 1975, Souphanouvong became president of Laos.
	www.bartleby.com /aol/65/so/Souphano.html (155 words)

	Souphanouvong, Prince - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Souphanouvong, Prince, 1909-95, Laotian government official; half brother of Prince Souvanna Phouma.
		Although a member of Laos's royal family, he was an active nationalist and fought the French as a member of the pro-Communist Pathet Lao.
		He was a Pathet Lao delegate to the Geneva Conference on Laos (1961-62), and in the resulting coalition government he was vice premier and minister of economic planning.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-souphano.html (307 words)

	Lao-Online
		President Souphanouvong was born On Tuesday, 13 July 1909, in former royal family, in Thatluang village, Luang Prabang province.
		President Souphanouvong was injured and escaped with a bullet in his lung to Nakhonephanom of Thailand.
		President Souphanouvong who passed away for so many years ago, but the people still remember his as hero of the nation, who sacrificed all his life to the task of the national liberation.
	home.gci.net /~lao-online/1president_souphanouvong.htm (940 words)

	One Man's Fight For His Nation
		Prince Souphanouvong was born on July 13, 1909 in Luang Prabang, (former capital of Lane Xang Kingdom), graduated from the university of France in 1937 and became the first road and bridge engineer of Laos.
		Even though Souphanouvong was born into the royal family, he held the same fate as normal people whose country was under the French Indochinese colonial rule, in a remote, poor, dark area of the world.
		Prince Souphanouvong was not only among the few people who had the opportunity to study in university, but also one of few people who studied abroad.
	www.googlelaos.com /souphanouvong.html (1212 words)

	Laos the Lao Issara Government (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Souphanouvong became commander in chief and Oun second in command.
		Souphanouvong and his escort proceeded upriver, first to Thakhek and then to Vientiane, where a provisional revolutionary government had been proclaimed two weeks earlier, taking the name Lao Issara (Free Laos).
		Upon his arrival, Souphanouvong was made minister of foreign affairs and commander in chief.
	www.country-studies.com /laos/the-lao-issara-government.html (424 words)

	Strategic Loss In Indochina - U.S. Policy In Laos
		Souphanouvong continued to press for international support for the Lao Issara throughout his time in Bangkok using FDR's rhetoric that the French should not be allowed to dominate the people of Indochina.
		On 23 May, Prince Souphanouvong, the other jailed NLHS members and their guards escaped into the hills; the crises was on again.
		It was the OSS that involved Prince Souphanouvong with the Viet Minh in 1945 and continued to work with him through 1946 while he was in exile in Thailand with the Lao Issara.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/library/report/1989/RME.htm (8160 words)

	Laos hotels - Grand Luang Prabang
		Consequently, Phetsarath left the country and spent eleven years in exile in Thailand, a period during which Lao politics was dominated by his younger brothers, the Princes Souvanna Phouma and Souphanouvong.
		Phetsarath finally returned to Laos in 1956 to act as mediator in the conflict between Souvanna Phouma and Souphanouvong and died in his birthplace Luang Prabang in 1959.
		Prince Phetsarath offers great praise to Souphanouvong as a fighter for freedom and national liberation but criticizes him for becoming drawn too close to the Vietnamese.
	www.grandluangprabang.com /prince.htm (337 words)

	Docs 310-329
		Souphanouvong however insisted that Phoumi had augmented his forces "behind PL lines" and that PL would have to "nettoyer ses zones" in order remove menace posed by this augmentation.
		Souphanouvong has privately not gone as far, but has told Sullivan that the PL might engage in some minor line straightening operations but would not seize larger towns.
		However, stressing Souphanouvong's refusal to give satisfactory assurances in the military field, we will advise them confidentially that the military sanctions we are prepared to impose will, for the time being, be limited to the withdrawal of White Star Teams from the forward field units.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ho/frus/kennedyjf/53977.htm (13716 words)

	THE POLITICS OF RITUAL AND REMEMBRANCE
		Souphanouvong became a powerful symbolic figure "precisely because, like all dominant or focal symbols, he represented a coincidence of opposites, a semantic structure in tension between opposite poles of meaning" (Turner 1974:88-9).
		In the run-up to the communist take-over Souphanouvong was seen to represent in his person continuity with the kingdom's past, and the Pathet Lao's claim to want national reconciliation, which was further embodied in Souphanouvong because the neutralist prime minister, Souvanna Phouma, was his half brother.
		Nothing, perhaps, registers the continued symbolic ambiguity of Souphanouvong's royal heritage better than the fact that no member of the Thai royal family attended his funeral, whereas HRH Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn, as representative of King Bhumibol Adulyadej, and HRH Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn, attended the funeral for Kaysone.
	www.laosnet.org /fa-ngum/ewans.htm (8187 words)

	Viet Nam News
		Prince Souphanouvong, known as the Red Prince, led Lao resistance forces or the Pathet Lao in their struggle against French colonialism.
		Held with a dozen of his comrades Souphanouvong was imprisoned at the Phonkheng military garrison, 3km outside of Vientiane, on July 28, 1959.
		Souphanouvong told Ngon that he had persuaded eight of the prison’s 100 guards to help, and the date for the escape was set for May 24, 1960.
	vietnamnews.vnagency.com.vn /showarticle.php?num=02SUN200305 (889 words)

	[No title]
		Phetsarat and Souphanouvong disagreed on this arrangement and remained in Thailand, preferring complete independence from France even at the expense of a shift to the left in order to fight the French with the support of Ho Chi Minh, the NV communist leader.
		With the help of NV troops and tribal leaders already in opposition to the RLG, Souphanouvong was able to expand guerrilla activities along the entire border of Laos and Vietnam, from Phongsaly Province in the north to the Bolovens Plateau in the south.
		By November 1957, Souphanouvong agreed to transfer the two northern provinces under his control to the Kingdom of Laos, in return for which he and another Pathet Lao members, Phoumi Vongvichit, were admitted as cabinet ministers in the RLG.
	www.hmongnet.org /hmong-au/refugee.htm (8394 words)

	Laoplanet.net - Toward Neutrality: The First Coalition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Prince Souphanouvong, commander in chief, Lao Issara forces, is in uniform in the front row, next to his young son, Ariya.
		It was thus as a fully sovereign country that Laos sent a delegation headed by its foreign minister, Phoui Sananikone, to the Geneva Conference on Indochina that put an end to the First Indochina War in July 1954.
		The assassination of the defense minister, Kou Voravong, in Vientiane on September 18, however, demonstrated the fragility of the Laotian political structure.
	laoplanet.net /content/view/182/67 (1233 words)

	Laos Events in 1945
		While he was dealing with these matters, Phetsarath received an unsolicited message on September 3 from Prince Souphanouvong, another of his half-brothers.
		Souphanouvong had spent the previous sixteen years working as an engineer in Vietnam.
		Souphanouvong flew from Vinh to Hanoi in an aircraft provided by the United States Office of Strategic Services (OSS) to meet with Ho Chi Minh, who had just proclaimed the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in Hanoi in the name of the Viet Minh, an ICP front organization.
	www.country-studies.com /laos/events-in-1945.html (1298 words)

	The World Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Meanwhile, Souphanouvong?s elder half-brother, Souvanna Phouma, formed a Royal Lao government (RLG) in 1951, and three years later Laos was granted full independence.
		Souphanouvong suffered a stroke in Sept. 1986 and was replaced, on an acting basis, by Phoumi Vongvichit.
		Khamxay Souphanouvong, a former finance minister and son of the country?s first communist president sought asylum in New Zealand (5 Nov.).
	www.theworldnews.com.au /Worldguide/index.php3?country=112&header=4 (2019 words)

	Souphanouvong - Picture - MSN Encarta
		Born into the royal family of Laos and educated in France, Souphanouvong turned against the French when they tried to reoccupy Laos after World War II ended.
		Founding the Pathet Lao, the Communist nationalist movement in 1950, Souphanouvong fought against his half-brother’s coalition government.
		This violent armed struggle lasted until the monarchy was abolished in 1975, at which time Souphanouvong assumed the presidency.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /media_461531168_761551958_-1_1/Souphanouvong.html (71 words)

	Laos - The Kingdom of Laos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A conflict developed between Phetsarath and Souphanouvong over the issue of the Lao Issara's ties to the Viet Minh.
		This conflict led to Souphanouvong's dismissal from the government-in-exile.
		Souphanouvong, vowing to continue to fight, headed for Vietnam.
	www.country-data.com /cgi-bin/query/r-7760.html (332 words)

	Souphanouvong
		Souphanouvong was relieved of even an inactive-figurehead role.
		Cerca in Encarta Souphanouvong...; Souphanouvong: Information From Answers.com - Souphanouvong, Prince (), 1909â“95, Laotian government official; half brother of Prince Souvanna Phouma.; Souphanouvong, "red prince''; of Laos, dies aged 86 - Souphanouvong became president after the communist victory in Indochina in 1975...
		Souphanouvong was known as the "Red Prince''; after leading the communist...; Souphanouvong, Prince on Encyclopedia.com - SOUPHANOUVONG, PRINCE [Souphanouvong, Prince], 1909-95, Laotian government official; half brother of Prince Souvanna Phouma.
	xoomer.alice.it /kipernitina/images03/uxorjbqcj (241 words)

	Pathet Lao Uprising
		The name "Pathet Lao" (Land of Laos) refers to the communist movement that occurred in Laos beginning in the 1950s and was the Laotian equivalent of Cambodia's Khmer Rouge and Vietnam's Viet Cong.
		The movement was formed by Prince Souphanouvong in North Vietnam during the first Indochine war between France and Vietnamese communists.
		The monarchy was abolished, the country became a republic, and Prince Souphanouvong became president.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/war/laos.htm (761 words)

	The War in Laos, 1945-54
		Souphanouvong arrived in Savannakhet on 6th October 1945, and found that the southern branch of LPL had armed men installed here, under the command of Oun Sananikone (who had served as an officer in the Thai Army during the French-Thai War) and Phoumi Nosavan (previously Secretary to the Sureté).
		On the 8th October at Thakhek, Souphanouvong formed the Armée de libération et de défense lao (ALDL) from his personal guard, the troops under Sananikone and Nosavan, the Garde Indochinoise (native militia) of Thakhek, and the Civic Guard of Vientiane.
		Souphanouvong himself was seriously injured at Thakhek, and was hospitalised for some time in Thailand.
	indochine54.free.fr /hist/laos.html (3907 words)

	A short history of Laos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		During the first Indochina war between France and the communist movement in Vietnam, Prince Souphanouvong forms the communist Pathet Lao (Land of Laos).
		Elections are held in 1955 and the first coalition government, led by Prince Souvanna Phouma, is formed in 1957.
		Prince Souphanouvong of the Pathet Lao becomes president, which he remains until 1991.
	www.electionworld.org /history/laos.htm (450 words)

	Iron Man of Laos
		In addition, there are portions of the book, generally either eulogizing Phetsarath as a hero of Laos or bitterly criticizing the king and his policies, that are presented in the third person.
		As military leader of the Free Lao, he was unwilling to see the soldiers under his command return to the areas of Laos under the control of the French-dominated Lao government.
		Souvannaphouma led his faction in the return to Vientiane and cooperation with the French; Souphanouvong led his faction to eastern Laos and cooperation with the Vietnamese; and Phetsarath, unwilling to side with either of his brothers and still stripped of his rank and titles, remained in Bangkok.
	www.angelfire.com /folk/khunborom/murdoch.htm (4940 words)

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