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Topic: South African Liberal Party

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	CalendarHome.com - - Calendar Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The South African government attempted to draw an equivalence between their view of fl "citizens" of the "homelands" and the problems other countries faced through entry of illegal immigrants.
		South Africa formally excluded Walvis Bay from the mandate and annexed it as an exclave.
		South African sports teams were barred from participation in international events, and South African culture and tourism were boycotted.
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /cgi-bin/encyclopedia.pl?p=Apartheid (8871 words)

	Encyclopedia: Liberal Party of Australia
		The Commonwealth Liberal Party was a fusion of the non-Labor parties in 1909 in response to Labor's growing electoral prominence.
		The Liberals were in power in Victoria from 1955 (the election in which they defeated John Cain Sr) to 1982 (in which they were defeated by the last Labor Premier's son, John Cain Jr) and in South Australia (under several names) from 1932 to 1965.
		The Liberal Party's organisation is dominated by the six state divisions, reflecting the party's original commitment to a federalised system of government (a commitment which was strongly maintained by all Liberal governments until 1983, but has been to a large extent abandoned by the Howard government, which has shown strong centralising tendencies).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Liberal-Party-of-Australia (4636 words)

	South African Communist Party Documents. 1928
		Of course, this does not alter the general colonial character of the economy of South Africa, since British capital continues to occupy the principal economic positions in the country (banks, mining and industry), and since the South African bourgeoisie is equally interested in the merciless exploitation of the negro population.
		Nevertheless, the influence of this party is being undermined by the steady worsening of the material conditions of the mass of the white workers.
		At the same time the South African bourgeoisie is endeavouring to attract to its side certain elements of the non-European population, for instance, the ‘coloured’ population, promising them electoral rights, and also the native leaders, turning them into agents for the exploitation of the negro population.
	www.marxists.org /history/international/comintern/sections/sacp/1928/comintern.htm (2541 words)

	Liberal Party of South Africa
		Another 26 years were to pass before South Africa became, at least on paper, the kind of society the Liberal Party had struggled for, with non-racial free elections, a democratic constitution that entrenched the rule of law, and a bill of rights.
		The main aim of the Liberal Party was to establish a free and democratic non-racial society in South Africa.
		The archives of the Liberal Party are kept at the Alan Paton Centre at the University of KwaZulu-Natal in Pietermaritzburg http://www.library.unp.ac.za/paton
	hayesfam.bravehost.com /liberal1.htm (945 words)

	List of thinkers contributing to liberal theory - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		John Stuart Mill (United Kingdom, 1806-1873) is one of the first champions of modern "liberalism" as such, his work on political economy and logic helped lay the foundation for advancements in emprical science and public policy based on verifiable improvements.
		His party, the South African Liberal Party was banned by the apartheid government.
		He places liberalism clearly as the opposite of conservatism and opened the road for a government coalition with the social democrats.
	open-encyclopedia.com /List_of_liberal_thinkers (1658 words)

	Liberal Party (UK) -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In 1906 Campbell-Bannerman, rallying the party on a platform of free trade and land reform, led the Liberals to (Click link for more info and facts about the greatest election victory in their history) the greatest election victory in their history (this was the last time the Liberals won a majority in their own right).
		By contrast most of the party's seats were won either due to the absence of a candidate from one of the other parties or in rural areas on the "Celtic fringe", where local evidence suggests that economic ideas were at best peripheral to the electorate's concerns.
		Although the Liberal Democrats retain both the ethos and policies of the old Liberals in local and regional government and continue to be seen as centrists, in Parliament they are seen as to the left of the Labour Party.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/l/li/liberal_party_(uk)2.htm (4156 words)

	How I Nearly Became... :: Dissent Spring 2005 Issue
		Liberalism, in that context of violent oppression, seemed to me a hopeless remedy for what ailed South Africa, and I came to the conclusion that to fight apartheid with reason and argument was futile.
		To the surprise of most South Africans, and the huge relief of the families of the prisoners, none of the men on trial was given the death penalty—no doubt because of the massive presence of the world media in Pretoria.
		Those of us on the left believed that white South Africans had, by a huge majority, thrown in their lot with apartheid and were consciously turning a blind eye to the violence of the system.
	www.dissentmagazine.org /article/?article=237 (7091 words)

	AllRefer.com - South Africa - South African Communist Party \| South African Information Resource
		Party members campaigned against military recruitment of fls (and Indi ans) in South Africa, arguing that the "natives" should not be sacrificed to perpetuate their own exploitation.
		Party members reportedly persuaded the ANC to abandon African nationalism in favor of nonracialism, however, although the SACP, unlike the ANC, viewed the primary objective of the revo lution as the creation of a socialist state.
		Party activists believed, nonetheless, that the remaining economic disparities among racial groups provided fertile ground for SACP recruitment in the 1990s.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/south-africa/south-africa110.html (1486 words)

	South Africa The South African War - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, ...
		The South African War (1899-1902), fought by the British to establish their hegemony in South Africa and by the Afrikaners to defend their autonomy, lasted three years and caused enormous suffering.
		Since Milner himself believed that "political equality" of fls and whites was "impossible" and that South Africa was really a white man's country in which the role of fls should essentially be limited to that of "well-treated" labor, the concession was not a large one for him to make.
		Despite the testimony of numerous members of the educated African elite decrying discriminatory policies, the commissioners concluded that there should be no political equality between fls and whites, that separate voters' rolls should be established, and that territorial separation was advisable for the races.
	www.workmall.com /wfb2001/south_africa/south_africa_history_the_south_african_war.html (1076 words)

	Ruth First Memorial Lecture. South African Communist Party 2000
		The national liberation movement’s response was that rather than wallowing in their alienation or seeking refuge in the past, the intellectuals should reintegrate themselves with the common people by active engagement in the political and social struggles for freedom, independence and progress.
		South African Marxists have consequently never wrung their hands at the effects industrialization had on pre-capitalist African societies, preferring to accept these because their transformative impact are a necessary baptism to equip the proletariat to assume its historic tasks.
		Britain annexed Basutoland in 1868, Griqualand West in 1871, the South African Republic in 1877, Zululand in 1887, Matabeleland in 1894 and the Afrikaaner republics in 1900.
	www.marxists.org /history/international/comintern/sections/sacp/2000/ruth-first.htm (6036 words)

	A Critical Look At South Africa: Politics And Economics ~ by Jurgen Klemann
		As a growing number of fl South Africans appear to be getting disenchanted with the ruling party, they may abstain from voting and thus prevent a two third majority for the ANC in parliament.
		South African corporates make an effort to expand out of South Africa, where the business environment is less regulated.
		South Africa suffers from a brain drain, which creates opportunities for adventuresome folks, who are fond of moving in the opposite direction.
	www.escapeartist.com /efam/56/South_Africa_Politics.html (2998 words)

	Democratic Party -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		South African political party established in 1989 by the merger of the Progressive Federal Party with two smaller liberal parties, the National Democratic Movement and the Independent Party.
		Unlike parties elsewhere in the world, the Democratic and Republican parties in the United States are very decentralized in structure and are marked by the absence of a rigid discipline and hierarchy.
		In 1980, the Democratic Party was a house that was divided among the Kennedy and Carter camps.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9029899 (731 words)

	CalendarHome.com - - Calendar Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Van der Post knew that the South African Secret Police was aware that he was paying money to Paton, but could not stop it by legal procedures.
		In 1953 he founded the South African Liberal Party, which fought against the apartheid legislation introduced by the National Party.
		He remained the president of the SALP until its forced dissolution by the Apartheid regime, due to the fact that both fls and whites comprised its membership.
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /cgi-bin/encyclopedia.pl?p=Alan_Paton (852 words)

	10 YEARS OF DEMOCRACY? MORE LIKE 342 YEARS OF CAPITALIST EXPLOITATION! : IMC-SA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		this is a clear impossibility: to be a party that believes in the bourgeois capitalist state (and so to endorse its current neo-liberal expression) and simultaneously to be opposed to the same.
		this goes for both parties in power and parties that aspire to power, because of the very nature of their acceptance of that (neo-liberal state) power.
		the his-masters-voice line trotted out by the state (south african broadcasting corporation) and the capitalist media is as irrelevant to the struggle to defeat capital and the state as parliament is.
	southafrica.indymedia.org /print.php?id=5840 (866 words)

	CNN.com - S.C. Democrats eye Thurmond, fall elections - May 13, 2002
		He noted that South Carolina boasts a Democratic governor, a Republican-controlled legislature and a split ticket in the U.S. Senate -- retiring Republican Sen. Strom Thurmond and Democratic Sen. Fritz Hollings.
		According to Harpootlian, "neither party dominates" in the state, though statistics may indicate otherwise.
		South Carolina politics comes down to "two competitive minority parties and whichever one has the right candidate and the right message wins," Bandy said.
	archives.cnn.com /2002/ALLPOLITICS/05/13/south.carolina/index.html (820 words)

	Alan Stewart Paton, South Africa (1903-1988) - Hall of Freedom - Politics - Liberalism
		He studied at the University of Natal, began work as a teacher, and became principal of the Diepkloof Reformatory for young offenders (1935), where he was known for the success of his enlightened methods.
		From his deep concern with the racial problem in South Africa sprang several novels, notably Cry, the Beloved Country(1948), Too Late the Phalarope (1953), Ah, but Your Land is Beautiful (1981).
		He was national President of the South African Liberal Party from 1953-60.
	www.liberal-international.org /editorial.asp?ia_id=1026&lang=spanish (129 words)

	Alan Paton
		Alan Stewart Paton (11th January 1903 - 12th April 1988), South African author and founder in 1953 of the South African Liberal Party, noted for his opposition to the Apartheid system.
		Cry, The Beloved Country was cinematized twice (1951, 1995), and was the basis for the Broadway piece Lost in the Stars (adaptation by Maxwell Anderson, music by Kurt Weill).
		Liberalism I - Liberalism in countries II - Liberal parties III - Liberal thinkers IV Introduction article
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/a/al/alan_paton.html (189 words)

	South African Communist Party Congress
		For instance, South African president Thabo Mbeki refused at the last minute to address the SACP Congress in the name of the ANC and was replaced by defence minister Mosiuoa Lekota.
		Even on the eve of the Congress the party leaders refused to use a draft discussion document on the question of the formation of a youth organisation which strongly advocated the need for a revolutionary organisation which would not be bureaucratically run by the Party.
		The policies of the South African Communist Party and its Alliance with the ANC government by Jordi Martorell.
	www.marxist.com /Africa/sacp_congress_rank_and_file.html (2225 words)

	The Liberal Message and South African Politics
		As a rule African voters do not necessarily reward decent and principled politicians who are interested in good governance, promote tolerance, listen to the voters or fight for the protection of human rights.
		It has to be seen by the people as a party which fights elections, not in order to get jobs in government and access to state funds, but in order to promote liberal policies.
		It is the only South African party which cannot be lured to the fleshpots of the ANC.
	www.fnst.de /africa_news_archive/News/Rainer.htm (2022 words)

	Patrick van Rensburg
		He served as South African Vice-Consul in Leopoldville, Belgian Congo from February 1956 until he resigned his post in May 1957, in protest against the apartheid policies of the South African government.
		The South African Liberal Party had been split on the issue, but in November the Party's National Committee passed a resolution approving the boycott 'both here and overseas, as a legitimate political weapon'.
		The Liberal Party back in South Africa were thrown in turmoil not knowing whether to support Van Rensburg's call for boycott or not.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Rhodes/1266/historical-Patrick.htm (1139 words)

	South African Political Party Media Releases
		Designed primarily to end the marriage between the former New National Party and the Democratic Party, the legislation envisaged the removal of opposition party coalitions from office in the two provinces, the Western Cape and KwaZulu-Natal, which were then outside the orbit of ANC control.
		She is also a member of the South African Women in Dialogue (SAWID), Mpumalanga Province and a member of the Mpumalanga Steering Committee of the Progressive Women's Movement of South Africa (PWMSA).
		It is estimated that if the African, Caribbean and Pacific countries attracted additional trade to the value of a mere 1% of annual global trade, then it would result in additional income to the value of three times the aid that these countries are currently receiving.
	community.mype.co.za /index.php/politics (5678 words)

	UNRISD: Publications \| Political Parties, Social Movements and Race Relations in Post-Apartheid South Africa
		At least since 1994, and in certain cases for decades before, South African political organizations and social movements have attempted to define their programmes, beliefs and goals in ways that are 'non-racial'.
		The first South African political party to adopt a professedly non-racial rhetoric was the South African Liberal Party in 1959, though earlier, South African communists attempted to organize and mobilize around class interests.
		Though, theoretically, South Africa's proportional representation electoral system supplies strong incentives for rival parties to convert support from each other's followings, several commentators have suggested that elections are merely racial censuses: that is, voters understand and define their interests in racial terms and support the party which appears to embody 'their' community.
	www.unrisd.org /UNRISD/website/document.nsf/(httpPublications)/94C2A8EB05963A9580256B8400373EFF?OpenDocument (368 words)

	CNN - Mbeki victorious: 'The people have spoken' - June 3, 1999
		With almost 85 percent of polling stations reporting, latest figures from the Independent Electoral Commission put ANC support at 65.7 percent, with the liberal Democratic Party in second place with 10.2 percent, toppling the former apartheid-era The New National Party as ANC's official opposition.
		The Zulu-based Inkatha Freedom Party had 8.3 percent of the vote.
		Former President F.W. de Klerk was unhappy with the lack of support for his old party, the DP.
	www.cnn.com /WORLD/africa/9906/03/south.africa.vote.03/index.html (644 words)

	History of the British Anti-Apartheid Movement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In South Africa for the time being at least, the boycott tactic had come to the end of its usefulness; the significance of the Congress Movement's call was that it was taken up in Britain and the wider world.
		The party was divided over nationalisation and nuclear disarmament, and in an attempt to harness the idealism of many of its activists and potential recruits, it declared 1960 to be "Africa Year." As part of this, it supported the March boycott month.
		Hugh Gaitskell made clear that the Labour Party's support for the boycott was "a moral gesture," its object was not "to bring South Africa to its knees." The Boycott Movement accepted that the time was not ripe for calling for a government ban.
	www.anc.org.za /ancdocs/history/aam/aamhist.html (1846 words)

	Liberals fend off ADQ, play up tax cuts
		The riding has elected Liberal MNAs every election over the last three decades, but the outcome this time isn't so clear. Voters in the riding admit the ADQ and local candidate Claude Morin are working hard to win their support.
		Charest's campaign has turned its sights on the ADQ as polls continue to suggest Mario Dumont's party is neck-and-neck with the Liberals and the PQ, and ahead of both parties in popular support in the key Quebec City region.
		The Liberal leader and several candidates are taking turns to pick away at the ADQ's spending details, released on Tuesday after the federal budget was tabled the previous day.
	www.cbc.ca /canada/quebecvotes2007/story/2007/03/22/qc-liberals0322.html?ref=rss (1389 words)

	Paton (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Alan Paton was born in Pietermaritzburg in Natal in 1903.
		It received less critical acclaim than the first novel, in part because it is more polished and less moving than the earlier work.
		In 1953, Paton formed the South African Liberal Party, which was disbanded in 1968, when interracial parties were deemed illegal in South Africa.
	web.uflib.ufl.edu /cm/africana/paton.htm (376 words)

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