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Topic: South African Secret Service

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	South African Military History Society - Journal- Secret Service in the South African Republic 1895-1900
		Secret Service in the South African Republic 1895-1900
		The Secret Service, or to give it its official title, De Geheime Dienst, of the South African Republic, is one of the few political and military aspects of the stormy period between the Jameson Raid and the Anglo-Boer War which has not been the subject of serious study.
		At the beginning of 1899, when the Secret Service was dangling halfway between Schutte and Smuts, there were strong indications that Patterson was recruiting Uitlanders in Johannesburg for an assault on the fort and mounted police barracks which were to be held until military aid from outside the Republic arrived.
	www.rapidttp.co.za /milhist/vol032gb.html (5992 words)

	Secret service launches web site - SouthAfrica.info
		The SASS, along with the domestic intelligence service, the National Intelligence Agency, fall under the authority of the Department of Intelligence headed by minister Ronnie Kasrils.
		The SASS and the NIA were formed 10 years ago through the amalgamation of the various intelligence and security arms of the former government, the African National Congress, the Pan African Congress and those of the former homeland governments.
		Daniels said the intelligence services specialise in obtaining information "that is not readily accessible" and that a lot of this information comes from "open sources" such as periodicals and the electronic media, including TV and the Internet.
	www.southafrica.info /what_happening/news/secretservice-website.htm (387 words)

	South Africa - Military Intelligence and Intelligence Coordination
		South Africa's defense budget grew almost tenfold in nominal terms between 1975 and 1989, from R1 billion to R9.4 billion (for value of the rand--see Glossary).
		Although South Africa's defense spending was high in comparison with economic output in the 1980s, the "trend toward militarization" in that decade, which was noted by many observers in analyzing South Africa's apartheid-era spending, was not evident in global comparisons.
		South Africa also ranked forty-ninth in the size of its armed forces and 103d in the size of the armed forces in relation to population.
	www.country-data.com /cgi-bin/query/r-12205.html (942 words)

	- South Africa - "Regulation of Armaments Production and Transfer"
		South Africa exercises a dual process of control for purposes of non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and of other arms and related dual-use capabilities that could be used in the development and production of weapons of mass destruction and/or conventional arms.
		South Africa became a State Party to the CCW on 13 March 1996 and handed in its Instrument of Ratification to be bound by the revised Protocol II and new Protocol IV on 26 June 1998.
		The Act empowers the Chairperson of the South African Council for the Non-Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction to appoint inspectors to ensure that the provisions of the Act are complied with.
	www.sipri.org /contents/expcon/defpol6.html (5450 words)

	South African Secret Service (SASS) - South African Intelligence Agencies
		The South African Secret Service (SASS) is responsible for foreign intelligence.
		The mission of the Service is to to gather, correlate, evaluate and analyse foreign intelligence, excluding foreign military intelligence, in order to identify any threat or potential threat to the security of the Republic and to supply intelligence relating to national strategic intelligence to NICOC.
		The Service gather intelligence at the request of departments of State, and, evaluates and transmits such intelligence and other intelligence at the disposal of the Service and which constitutes departmental intelligence, to the department concerned.
	www.globalsecurity.org /intell/world/rsa/sass.htm (157 words)

	COUNTRY CORRUPTION ASSESSMENT REPORT
		The Public Service Anti-Corruption Strategy developed a working definition of corruption as "any conduct or behaviour in relation to persons entrusted with responsibilities in public office which violates their duties as public officials and which is aimed at obtaining undue gratification of any kind for themselves or others".
		The SA Police Service is empowered by s205 of the 1996 Constitution to prevent, combat and investigate crime, to maintain public order, to protect and secure the inhabitants of the Republic and their property, and to uphold and enforce the law.
		South Africa has a comprehensive and practical legislative framework, which provides a very good basis on which to combat and prevent corruption in all aspects of the public sector including good financial management and administration.
	www.unodc.org /southafrica_reports/SALEGIS.htm (9511 words)

	freedominfo.org: country pages - south africa
		The South African History Archive and the Open Democracy Advice Centre have brought a number of successful court cases against both public and private bodies where the courts have ordered the release of information or the public bodies have settled the cases out of court.
		Africaonline reports that the Institute for Democracy in South Africa (IDASA) is taking the country's five largest political parties to court in in order to force them to reveal who gives them their money, even though South African law does not currently require political parties to identify their donors.
		The Institute notes that South African political parties get some money from the government, and is arguing that the country's freedom of information law should therefore require the parties to reveal the rest of their funding sources.
	www.freedominfo.org /countries/south_africa.htm (3426 words)

	CNN - South Africa denies arms-for-oil deal with Libya - June 22, 1998
		PRETORIA, South Africa (CNN) -- A report by a British newspaper that South Africa had made an arms-for-oil deal with Libya was false and an attempt to sabotage the fledgling democracy, President Nelson Mandela said on Monday.
		London's Sunday Telegraph reported that South Africa had concluded a secret $495 million deal to supply Libya with weapons and spare parts for its aging Mirage jet fighter and attack helicopters, in return for cut-price oil.
		South Africa is a member of the OAU, which criticized Britain and the United States for refusing a deal under which the suspects would be tried in a third country.
	www.cnn.com /WORLD/africa/9806/22/south.africa.libya (536 words)

	1997 Human Rights Reports: South Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		South Africa's governing institutions and society continued to consolidate the democratic transformation initiated by the historic 1994 elections.
		South Africa has a diversified and productive economy whose mainstays are manufacturing, mining, and agriculture (augmented by service support industries), which make up 24 percent, 8 percent, and 5 percent, respectively, of the country's GDP of $126.3 billion (543 billion Rand).
		South African law states that any child under the age of 14 must be released within 24 hours into the custody of a parent or guardian when possible.
	www.usemb.se /human/human97/southafr.html (7830 words)

	COMMITTEE OF MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT ON AND INSPECTORS-GENERAL OF INTELLIGENCE ACT, 1994 [Act 94-40, 02 December 1994]
		(b) (i) Each Head of a Service shall report to the Inspector-General appointed for that Service regarding any unlawful intelligence activity or significant intelligence failure of that Service and any corrective action that has been taken or is intended to be taken in connection with such activity or failure.
		(ii) A Head of a Service shall submit the report referred to in subparagraph (i) to the Inspector-General concerned within a reasonable period after such unlawful intelligence activity or significant intelligence failure came to his or her attention.
		(12) The Minister responsible for a Service may, after consultation with the Inspector-General concerned, appoint such persons as may be necessary for the performance of the functions of that office of the Inspector-General, on such conditions of employment as are applicable to members of that Service.
	www.fas.org /irp/world/rsa/act94_040.htm (709 words)

	South African Secret Service - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The South African Secret Service (SASS) is a South African intelligence agency.
		The Service is run by a Director-General, who is also a member of the National Intelligence Co-Ordinating Committee (NICOC), to which he reports.
		However, when taking current South African policy and concerns into account, it appears the attentions of the SASS are currently focused on two main areas: The activities of Al-Qaeda and similar groups abroad in relation to South Africa's security, and the activities of illegal South African mercenaries, most especially in parts of Africa and Iraq.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/South_African_Secret_Service (232 words)

	Relations unaffected by spy scandal, says official (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Andrew Welken, a member of the South African Secret Service, who has been in prison in Zimbabwe for the past year, was escorted back to South Africa by Minister of Intelligence Ronnie Kasrils on Tuesday.
		The controversial spy scandal was viewed as an attempt by the South African government to access information on the internal dynamics of the government and ZANU-PF, Zimbabwe's ruling party.
		He noted, however, that Welken's release was significant because it indicated that, at a time when "Zimbabwe was isolated from the rest of the world, the South Africans still had a channel of communication open to pull a deal".
	www.irinnews.org /print.asp?ReportID=50650 (419 words)

	BBC News \| AFRICA \| Spy allegations bug South Africa
		The South African Government is facing questions following two high-level allegations of spying - one from the German embassy, and the other from the opposition Democratic Party.
		Intelligence Services Minister Joe Nhlanhla denies suggestions that the South African secret service may have been involved in spying on a trading partner.
		A South African foreign affairs spokesman said the matter was being investigated at senior diplomatic levels.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/africa/528009.stm (359 words)

	SPEECH BY SUE VAN DER MERWE, MP DURING THE DEBATE ON NATIONAL TREASURY BUDGET VOTE 8 (INTELLIGENCE SERVICES) 2003
		The Civilian Intelligence Services have been undergoing a thorough renovation in the past few years, to streamline the services, to make them more efficient and to effect a full transformation from instruments of control and manipulation to tools for building our country, our region and indeed our continent.
		However, work must still be done to further increase the SASS representation abroad to ensure a presence in each of the stations abroad identified as key for South African interests.
		SASS has embarked on interactions with other African services to exchange information, and in some cases share resources and training.
	www.anc.org.za /ancdocs/speeches/2003/sp0617.html (1211 words)

	United States Secret Service: Financial Crimes Division
		Recent Secret Service investigations indicate that there has been an increase in credit card fraud, fictitious document fraud, and fraud involving the counterfeiting of corporate checks and other negotiable instruments,as well as false identification documents created with the use of computer technology.
		The Secret Service is the primary federal agency tasked with investigating access device fraud and its related activities under Title 18, United States Code, Section 1029.
		The Secret Service is involved in numerous task forces with federal, state, county, city, and local law enforcement agencies nationwide.
	www.secretservice.gov /financial_crimes.shtml (3232 words)

	ZWNEWS.com - linking the world to Zimbabwe
		A South African spymaster has been arrested in Zimbabwe in a sting operation and is accused of running an espionage ring inside the country involving a number of prominent officials.
		The identity of the South African has not been revealed but a South African source said he was a senior officer in the South African secret service who was 48 and white.
		The South Africans are trying to play down the arrest, saying the agent had been involved in routine intelligence gathering.
	www.zwnews.com /issuefull.cfm?ArticleID=11045 (518 words)

	Apartheid's champion dies at 90 \| The World \| The Australian
		Despite the embarrassment of presiding over South Africa's intervention in Angola from 1975, Mr Botha was at the centre of a maelstrom of theory and planning in the mid-1970s, including dealing with the Soweto uprising of 1976.
		As the South African economy collapsed after Chase Manhattan Bank's refusal to roll over its loans and the rand lost half its value against sterling, it became obvious to informed observers that the apartheid state would be forced to negotiate with the African opposition.
		Mr Botha has rarely received praise for his attempts to reform apartheid but it was under his leadership that the South African state abolished the pass laws that restricted the movement of Africans in the country, legalised interracial marriages and gave the nod to the formation of fl trade unions.
	www.theaustralian.news.com.au /story/0,20867,20685825-2703,00.html (1132 words)

	South Africa Government Departments
		South African Secret Service : flag registered with the South African Bureau of Heraldry on 19 Nov 1996 and described as:
		Department of Water Affairs and Forestry : flag registered with the South African Bureau of Heraldry on 26 Mar 1998 and described as:
		A rectangular flag with the proportion 2:3, comprising three vertical bands of green, white and green, respectively 2/5, 3/5 and 2/5 of the width of the flag, the white band charged with a trowel-shaped tree surmounting two others in fess conjoined, Vert, all voided.
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/za-gd.html (504 words)

	1996 Human Rights Report: South Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		South Africa's governing institutions and society continued to consolidate the democratic transformation initiated by the historic 1994 national elections.
		In August Correctional Services Minister Sipo Mzimela initiated a national debate on the incarceration of juveniles by claiming that 62 percent of the 398 juveniles awaiting trial in top security jails--some as young as 12 years old--should not be there because they were being tried on relatively minor charges.
		The largest trade union federation, the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) is formally aligned with the ANC and the South African Communist Party.
	www.usemb.se /human/human96/southafr.html (7289 words)

	Africa fiction
		Hoping to escape his South African home, dysfunctional family, and what he believes to be an impending revolution, a young man becomes disappointed with his monotonous new life in London and begins a dark pilgrimage.
		The senior officers of Britain's secret service, dealing with intelligence gathered in South Africa during the Cold War when apartheid was in full swing, move to plug a leak by eliminating a junior colleague, unmindful of a veteran intelligence processor whose decency, courage, and capacity for love threaten all security.
		The contemporary South African scene in all its crazy racist contradictions is the setting for McClure's mystery about the Afrikaans detective Kramer and his fl assistant Zondi.
	www.cheshirelib.org /Africafiction.htm (1849 words)

	Volume TWO Chapter SIX
		A copy of the reports of the Advisory Committee on Special Secret Projects, chaired by Professor Ellison Kahn, as well as the report of the Secret Services Evaluation Committee, chaired by Mr Amie Venter, were received from the President’s office on 16 October 1996.
		It was explained that if the English players were to do this favour for the South African Cricket Union, they should be given the maximum financial reward to help them through the lean years that would follow, since the tour was bound to result in reprisals and losses for the English players.
		• undertake an annual review of all secret services of these departments, and determine, in the light of their objectives, whether they should be continued.
	www.stanford.edu /class/history48q/Documents/EMBARGO/2chap6d.htm (5337 words)

	SA secret service agent held in Zimbabwe named
		Zimbabwean and South African authorities have consistently refused to name the alleged agent — described by the director of public prosecutions Joseph Musakwa as a state witness and by the media as a “master spy” — supposedly for security reasons.
		The sources said Meki was accused of failing to report to his bosses a secret meeting he held with a South African undercover agent who botched a plot to recruit him.
		Although the South African government has been making frantic efforts to gain access to Welken to secure his release, it is understood Zimbabwe has been unwilling to cooperate.
	www.newzimbabwe.com /pages/chiyangwa29.12606.html (627 words)

	BBC News \| Middle East \| Libya denies oil-for-weapons deal with South Africa
		Libya has joined South Africa in denying a British newspaper report that Pretoria had agreed to supply Libya with weapons and spare parts, in return for cheap oil.
		An un-named official at the Libyan foreign ministry was quoted by the official news agency, JANA as describing the allegation as a new and silly lie.
		South Africa has described the report as a fabrication.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/middle_east/118596.stm (131 words)

	Obituary - P.W. Botha \| backwater \| The Australian
		Botha was elected Prime Minister of South Africa in 1978 during the Information scandal (also known as Muldergate) that eventually destroyed the careers and reputations of Prime Minister John Vorster, the most likely successor, Connie Mulder; Hendrik van den Bergh,the head of Boss, the South African Secret Service; and Eschel Rhoodie, the Secretary of Information.
		Realising that sanctions had finally had their effect (South Africa had lost air superiority) and that the SADF was risking the loss of many white soldiers, Botha opted for peace, reportedly on the basis of a cost-benefit analysis.
		Botha has rarely received praise for his attempts to reform apartheid but it was under his leadership that the South African state abolished the pass laws which restricted the movement of Africans in the country, legalised interracial marriages, and gave the nod to the formation of fl trade unions.
	theaustralian.news.com.au /story/0,20876,20682108-17281,00.html (1686 words)

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