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Topic: South African rand

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	South African rand - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The rand has the symbol R and is divided into 100 cents, symbol c, and is available in denominations of five notes (R10, R20, R50, R100 and R200) and seven coins (5c, 10c, 20c, 50c, R1, R2 and R5).
		The rand is the currency of the Common Monetary Area between South Africa, Namibia, Swaziland and Lesotho.
		A rand was worth more than a U.S. dollar from the time of its inception in 1961 until 1982, when mounting political pressure combined with sanctions placed against the country because of apartheid started to erode its value.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rand_(currency) (876 words)

	South African - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about South African
		A headland on the South African coast near Cape Town, the Cape of Good Hope is situated at the point where warm currents from the Indian Ocean converge with cool waters from the Antarctic Ocean, and it is known for its stormy seas and weather.
		In November 1993 the South African government and the African National Congress (ANC) agreed on an interim constitution, which was adopted by the Transitional Executive Council in December 1993 and took effect after the first multiracial elections in April 1994.
		South Africa was invited to rejoin the Commonwealth in January 1994.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /South+African (5654 words)

	Exchange Rate Management Policies in South Africa: Recent Experience and Prospects* *
		The South African currency remained relatively stable in the ensuring years and its parity in terms of gold was changed only as a result of the decimalization of the monetary unit.
		The South African authorities decided to again change their exchange rate policy as from June 27, 1975, as a decision was made to keep the rand/US dollar rate constant for longer period and only adjusting it when this was considered essential in the light of basic changes in the domestic and international situation.
		The South African rand remained relatively stable in the ensuing years and its parity in terms of gold was changed only as a result of the decimalisation of the monetary unit.
	www.uneca.org /eca_resources/Major_ECA_Websites/6finmin/experm2.htm (17368 words)

	:: BlackElectorate.com ::
		The third rumor was that the South African government was considering instituting currency controls that would alter the movement of currency in and out of the country.
		South Africa should pursue more aggressive fiscal policies that encourage investment and which empower and encourage South African small businesses and companies to shoulder the burden for creating economic growth, a burden currently being carried disproportionately by the country's public enterprises.
		South Africa should embrace such a fiscal policy and discard its "inflation-targeting" exercise in favor of a currency board which fixes the rand to either the dollar or euro as long as the dollar or euro price of gold stays within a certain range.
	www.blackelectorate.com /print_article.asp?ID=293 (2086 words)

	A Fierce Run on the Rand Shocks South Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The lift for the rand was short-lived, however, after it became clear that the two central banks were using the South African Reserve Bank's dollars to buy the South African currency.
		South African banks are very conservative, carry few bad loans and are not in thrall to ruling families like the Suhartos in Indonesia.
		By contrast, before 1994, the African National Congress was strongly socialist and talked about nationalizing the mines and cutting unemployment with massive public spending; the budget deficit was at 5 percent of GDP and foreign exchange was heavily restricted.
	www-personal.umd.umich.edu /~mtwomey/newspapers/070198sa.html (1121 words)

	Global Insight // Our Perspective
		The rand’s appreciation was underpinned by a number of factors, including general dollar weakness, an improvement in global commodity prices, particularly gold and platinum, favorable real interest rate differentials, improved investor sentiment toward emerging markets, and the elimination of South Africa’s net open forward currency position.
		The South African rand continued its appreciation in 2004, with the nominal effective exchange rate—an exchange rate index consisting of a basket of the 13 currencies of South Africa’s most important trading partners—appreciating by nearly 10% since the beginning of the year (around 40% since October 2002).
		Secondly, although South African real rates are no longer rising, and may even start to fall in the not-too-distant future, their current levels should still provide some support for the currency over the short-term.
	www.globalinsight.com /Perspective/PerspectiveDetail1068.htm?CFID=1416697&CFTOKEN=95040188 (767 words)

	South African Rand Gains Versus Dollar as Price of Gold, Platinum Advance by MaBiCo.com
		Earlier, the rand fell as much as 0.8 percent as the gap inyields between the South African benchmark 10-year governmentbond and the similar maturity U.S. Treasury note shrank to nearthe narrowest in a year.
		The yield gap, or spread, between the South African 10-yeargovernment bond and its U.S. counterpart was 295 basis pointstoday, equal to the narrowest in 12 months, which it reachedyesterday.
		South Africa is the largest producer of the metals andrising prices often mean higher revenue for the $213 billioneconomy, the largest in Africa.
	www.mabico.com /en/news/20060111/foreign_exchange/article59166 (507 words)

	Who Ransacked the Rand?
		By 2000 the annual South African gold mined had withered significantly to 429 tonnes, but the country still easily retained its crown for being the largest single producer and exporter of gold on the planet, accounting for one-sixth of all the gold mined on earth.
		The recent odd machinations in the South African rand currency in late 2001 have perplexed many market participants and governments around the world and investigations are being launched to attempt and determine the cause of the tremendous rout of the rand in 2001.
		South African mines, as long as they aren’t shackled with poisonous hedges, are making a great deal more rand revenue than they were one year ago.
	www.zealllc.com /2002/ransack.htm (4188 words)

	The South-African Rand: From Strength to Strength
		The accelerated devaluation which occurred during the years 2000 and 2001 was, of course, disconnected from economic reality, and the inevitable correction of these excesses was the consequence.
		From the high of the US-dollar against the Rand, reached at 13.85 in December 2001, almost 50% has been surrendered and, as we clearly see, the exchange rate has fallen back into the long-term multi-year up-trend going back to 1987.
		In December 2001, we saw the Rand spike down from the level of 12 to 14 within one week.
	www.gold-eagle.com /editorials_03/zihlmann052803.html (592 words)

	About SA - Public Holidays
		The Constitution further provides for the establishment of the South African Human Rights Commission (SAHRC) of which the aim is to promote respect for human rights, promote the protection, development and attainment of human rights, and to monitor and assess the observance of human rights in SA.
		In 1975 protests started in African schools after a directive from the previous Bantu Education Department that Afrikaans had to be used on an equal basis with English as a language of instruction in secondary schools.
		In apartheid South Africa 16 December was known as Day of the Vow, as the Voortrekkers in preparation for the battle took a Vow before God that they would build a church and that they and their descendants would observe the day as a day of thanksgiving should they be granted victory.
	www.info.gov.za /aboutsa/holidays.htm (1289 words)

	South African Wine
		And in South Africa, the wine industry was hidebound until the end of apartheid in 1990.
		The vast majority of the wine in South Africa is made in the Southwestern part of the country within 300 miles of the city of Cape Town.
		But it is often said that South African wines combine the best of traditional Old World winemaking from Europe, primarily France, with the favorable weather conditions and sense of innovation from New World wine regions such as California and Australia.
	www.samcooks.com /savor/SouthAfricanWine.htm (1138 words)

	The EastAfrican on the Web
		For instance, trade between South Africa and its neighbours could be accelerated by the adoption of the South African rand as the legal tender throughout the region.
		Thus, the thought of implicitly admitting that, for instance, the Uganda shilling is inferior to the South African rand may be politically unpalatable.
		The business community’s use of the rand in economic contracts may increase due to the expansion of trade between South Africa and its poorer neighbours, the growth of foreign direct investment from South Africa, and perception of growing political instability among South Africa’s neighbours.
	www.nationaudio.com /News/EastAfrican/11032002/Business/Business_Opinion1.html (728 words)

	BBC News \| BUSINESS \| South African rand in freefall
		It is becoming something of a joke among South Africans.
		And that is the strange thing - the interest rate in South Africa is much lower than it has been in the past, the growth rate is on track, things are looking good for the economy - but still the rand falls.
		While the South African Reserve Bank is warning against panic and is hoping to ride out the storm, there are calls for action from many different quarters.
	news.bbc.co.uk /hi/english/business/newsid_1717000/1717001.stm (914 words)

	Welcome to South Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It's the holiday picture I carry in my heart of a thousand South Africans of every race enjoying a jazz concert together and, with it, this beautiful land's resurgence of national vitality….
		The South African rand right now is 9 cents to the US dollar - it's never been lower.
		With the Atlantic at its feet and mountains rising at its back, the place is a stunner … The air is crystalline, everything stunningly visible for miles and miles, the mountains so sharp and distinct in their stratification that you feel you’re looking straight into the earth.
	www.southafrica.net /index.cfm?SitePageID=1511 (2745 words)

	Forex Blog: South African Rand settles down in 2005
		Among the biggest losers, surprisingly, is the South African Rand.
		The silver lining, as far as economists and fundamental analysts are concerned, is the marked decrease in volatility surround trading in the Rand, due largely to an increase in liquidity.
		Rand bulls are already looking to 2006, when GDP growth is expected to exceed 5% on the heels of strong capital inflows and high commodity prices.
	www.forexblog.org /2005/12/south_african_r.html (296 words)

	South African History South Africa History
		From the Gandhi-Luthuli Documentation Centre, at the University of Durban-Westville, South Africa.
		The South African historical maps include the former homelands and an 1885 map of South Africa.
		Montagu White was Consul-General of the South African Republic at London.
	www-sul.stanford.edu /depts/ssrg/africa/southafrica/rsahistory.html (7761 words)

	BBC News \| The Economy \| South African rand drops further
		The South African rand has taken another battering on foreign currency markets, at times trading at more than six rand to the US dollar, before recovering slightly at the end of the day.
		The market turmoil in South Africa follows a further rise in interest rates and has placed more strains on the government's strategy of boosting economic growth and employment ahead of elections due in the next 12 months.
		Almost one third of South Africans are out of work and the government of President Mandela had seen foreign investment as the key to reducing the widespread unemployment.
	news.bbc.co.uk /hi/english/business/the_economy/newsid_122000/122798.stm (233 words)

	Umdaus Press - succulents books, botany books South Africa
		The Rev. Lane has attempted to produce a book in which the information is accessible and useful to both novices and experts with two descriptions of each variety: one containing field characteristics for those with little botanical knowledge, and a second more technical and detailed one for those with extensive knowledge of the genus.
		South Africa boasts a wealth of Pelargonium species including those in the section Hoarea, geophytes with some of the most unusual and spectacular flowers in the genus.
		The title of the book is slightly misleading and does not do full justice to the book, an enormous amount of research has gone into the compilation of this plant list and it is an indispensable reference to succulent enthusiast's in that one can readily find the correct spelling and latest author of the species.
	www.succulents.net /umdaus (1125 words)

	Guardian International Currency South Africa Rand
		Rand banknotes are issued in the following denominations: 10, 20, 50, 100 and 200 Rand.
		Import and export is limited to 5000 Rand except for transport over borders of Lesotho, Swaziland and Namibia.
		South African Rand is used in Lesotho, Namiibia and Swaziland.
	www.guardianfx.com /information/africa/south_africa.html (135 words)

	A tumbling South African rand makes luxurious living in Cape Town affordable - by Cheryl Taylor
		In the fashionable residential suburbs of Durban, such as Morningside or Berea, an air-conditioned 4-bedroom house with a pool and exotic landscaped gardens, within the sound of the surf, can be had for under $95,000.
		South of Durban, you could buy a new 1-bedroom apartment at the edge of a beach from $19,000, and a 2-bedroom bungalow for under $35,000.
		South Africa is one of the few places in the world where you’ll find First World comforts and infrastructureand Third World prices on everything from food, to diamonds, to real estate.
	www.escapeartist.com /international/0700_south_africa.html (1240 words)

	Africa Fellowships (South African MRC), 10/03
		The fellowship may be held in South Africa for non-South African applicants, or in any other African country for South African applicants.
		They must be citizens of an African country, currently working in that country, and must be able to provide assurance that there is a position to return to in their home country on completion of the fellowship.
		The South African Department of Home Affairs requires applicants to apply in the category of visitors visa in terms of section 11(ii)(cc) of the Immigration Act, 2002 (Act No 13 of 2002).
	www.africa.upenn.edu /Grants/mrcza1003.html (669 words)

	AEGiS-WSJ: South African Rand Gains Ground As Mbeki Focuses on AIDS Crisis
		One of the most-traded emerging-market currencies, the rand hit a four-and-a-half month high against the dollar on Friday, at 10.57 to the dollar.
		The sudden surge follows nearly two years of negative sentiment over the government's handling of the political turmoil in neighboring Zimbabwe and the South African AIDS crisis.
		Tshwete was a loyal aid to the president, and his death has prompted speculation that a cabinet reshuffle is inevitable.
	www.aegis.com /news/wsj/2002/WJ020411.html (434 words)

	South African Exchange Rates \| Foreign Currency to South African Rand (ZAR)
		South Africa Online, these rates are supplied as is and are for information purposes only.
		As such, South Africa Online, SA-Venues.com and any/all of their affiliates shall not be held responsible for any loss that may arise from the use of these rates, whether such loss be direct or indirect.
		With 20 National Parks (including two of the world's most famous wildlife reserves, the Kruger Park and Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park) and numerous private game reserves, your trip to South Africa would be incomplete without experiencing a South African wildlife safari....
	www.sa-venues.com /exchange.htm (210 words)

	Forex Directory South African Rand Market Sentiment Poll
		Do not make the rand vunerable to a crash when demand for commodities retract, China and India cannot maintain their levels as their markets are slowing.
		And we therefore effectively sell all of our labour efforts in USD and a strong Rand makes our labour effort very expensive in international terms and we have to meaure it in international terms because that's where the competition is for jobs.
		The ONLY exception to this will be work that is done for South Africans and which must be done IN S.A. And this work will decrease anyway because all other jobs will be decreasing.
	vote.sparklit.com /popup_poll/850433 (979 words)

	Bloomberg.com: Top Worldwide
		South Africa is the world's biggest producer of gold and platinum, which contribute about a fifth to its export earnings.
		The rand was also boosted by South African Reserve Bank Governor Tito Mboweni's comments that he expects gross domestic product growth to accelerate to 4 percent next year.
		The rand also rose after a report this week that U.S. jobless claims were higher than forecast, easing expectations for Federal Reserve interest rate increases.
	quote.bloomberg.com /apps/news?pid=10000087&sid=apDcSF5sZDLM&refer=top_world_news (381 words)

	Forex Blog: Investors still see risk in South African Rand
		South Africa has narrowed its budget deficit, core inflation is low, and interest rate levels have stabilized around 7%.
		In South Africa, by contrast, a recent study found 90% of bond premiums could be explained by currency risk.
		The average daily trade in Rand has ballooned since 1998 to nearly $14 billion, most of it by non-residents.
	www.forexblog.org /2006/01/investors_still.html (322 words)

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