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Topic: South American economic crisis of 2002

	AIDSTRIPS: Intellectual Property and AIDS Medication in South Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The global AIDS crisis has reached epidemic proportions in the Republic of South Africa, where nearly 1 in 10 citizens are HIV positive.
		The situation in South Africa is particularly grim - 4.2m of the country's 43m citizens are infected with the virus.
		The South African Medicines Act, passed in November 1997, was the measure that had been challenged by the pharmaceutical companies in court.
	www.american.edu /TED/aidstrips.htm (2438 words)

	crisis, economic - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Economic Crisis in Asia: The Case of Thailand [*].
		Economic crisis and political regime change: an event history analysis.
		Economic Crisis and the Prospects for Democratisation in Southeast Asia.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-x-crisis-e.html (200 words)

	KWR International Advisor #15 Sept/Oct 2002
		Economic diversification is critical considering that sugar prices have languished throughout 2002 and that Cuba's industry is not cost efficient.
		As recently as July 2002, Russia announced that it intended to build five more nuclear power reactors in Iran over the next decade, which was, indeed, a pointed broadening of the scope of its persistent cooperation with Tehran, in defiance of US pressure to the contrary.
		Rabin: Americans and other foreign investors need to keep in mind that Japan is not the U.S. While that is part of the attraction and many of the obstacles that were faced in the past are now being addressed, it requires numerous adjustments to allow for cultural, social, legal and regulatory differences.
	kwrintl.com /library/2002/Advisor_15/index.html (12471 words)

	2002 General Resolution: Economic crisis and the crisis of imperialism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The crisis of 1929 has led indeed to the misery and the intensified exploitation of the workers, to the militarisation of the economy, to fascism and, finally, to a world war.
		South Korea collapsed having previously incurred heavy debts from the Japanese banks in its bid to beat its export competitors by overextending plant capacity.
		In the summer of 1998, it was Russia’s turn to expose its economic rottenness under the impact of the Asian crisis.
	www.frso.org /about/docs/2002general.htm (4625 words)

	ECONOMIC
		A moderation of growth in the crisis countries and slower consumption growth in the United States are likely to lead to a deceleration of output growth over the next year...
		The weather was partly to blame, as drought in Kenya and Ethiopia, floods in Mozambique and South Africa, and hurricanes in Mauritius contributed to a string of disappointing results.
		Thanks to the debt crisis and the mechanism of conditionality, it has moved from balance of payments support to being quasi-universal dictator of so-called "sound" economic policies, meaning of course neo-liberal ones.
	www.t21.ca /economic/tp.htm (5167 words)

	History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		A survey of the colonial history of the region followed by an analysis of the economic, social and political developments of the 19th and 20th centuries in the major island and mainland states.
		An interdisciplinary approach to the development of colonial and early national American culture and society, with special emphasis during the first semester on the transit of European culture, regionalism and the emergence of the ideology of American exceptionalism.
		The development of slavery as a system of labor and of social organization in the American South; slaveholders, slaves, free fls, non-slaveowning whites and their relations with one another; the effects of slavery on southern politics and world views.
	www.wm.edu /catalog/2002-03/history.htm (4508 words)

	History (HY) Courses
		The responses of East, South, Southeast Asia to the impact of Western challenges; their roles in the modern world.
		Economic and political structure; the emergence of China and Japan as major world political and economic powers.
		The role of journalism in American society from the Revolution to the present.
	www.southalabama.edu /bulletin/bulletin0203/courhy.htm (1203 words)

	Should American become an Empire?
		The economic and political crisis in the country continues even the restoration of formal democratic processes including the ratification of a new Constitution and the election of a Congress.
		The answer to this question explains the paradox of American imperialism in the twentieth century: On the one hand we claim we are struggling to bring democracy and freedom to the world, and on the other we fight to deny countries and peoples the very freedoms we claim America stands for.
		I believe that the growth of the American empire in the twentieth century, and the expansion of American economic and political domination over large parts of the world, threatened and weakened American democracy and American's faith in their government, their society, and their future.
	www.colorado.edu /AmStudies/lewis/2010/spanish.htm (2657 words)

	Regional Review: Trouble in Coffee Lands
		The economics behind the current drop in coffee prices is as simple as the solution has proven intractable: supply far outstrips demand.
		A global economic slowdown and the existence of large supplies of most commodities were largely responsible for this wider trend.
		As the price collapsed, the American firms were left holding large stocks of coffee that suddenly were worth only a share of what had been paid for them.
	www.bos.frb.org /economic/nerr/rr2002/q2/coffee.htm (3625 words)

	Southeast Asia Needs More Attention (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Economic assistance, an effective means to reach everyday citizens, has been slashed or discontinued in most Southeast Asian countries.
		American tourism to the region has dropped off dramatically with the current recession and post-Sept. 11 travel fears.
		For every American persuaded that Islamic radicalism is sweeping Southeast Asia, an Indonesian or a Malaysian is convinced of an anti-Muslim conspiracy in the West.
	www.brookings.edu /views/op-ed/dalpino/20020214.htm (846 words)

	South Korea: Opportunities and Challenges -- U.S. Commercial Service Korea
		South Korea was America's seventh largest export market in general, sixth largest trading partner, fifth largest export market for agricultural products, and fifth largest market for high technology goods.
		South Korea continues to be an economic leader in Asia and is the third largest economy in East Asia.
		Economic initiatives, such as the re-linking of the main rail line between South and North, establishing a Special Economic Zone at Kaesong in North Korea and opening a land route for southern tourists to the scenic tourist zone of Mt. Kumgang, have progressed, albeit slowly.
	www.buyusa.gov /korea/en/southkoreaopportunities.html (860 words)

	Reforming World Finance - Lessons from a Crisis - A Commentary
		But financial and corporate inefficiencies were at the epicentre of the economic crisis, and have to be dealt with to restore durable growth.
		Remember that the average American recession lasts about a year, and that a year into the Mexican crisis, there was a period of severe jitters.
		There are important signs of progress in both South Korea and Thailand, in the stabilisation of their currencies, the fall in interest rates and the start of bank and corporate-debt restructuring (see chart 1).
	www.imf.org /external/np/vc/1998/100398.htm (2800 words)

	FRBB: Economic Quiz
		Before January, the Argentine peso was tied to the American dollar at a rate of one peso to one dollar.
		This arrangement is known as a 'fixed exchange rate' or a 'currency peg' and was set up in the early 1990s to give the currency creditability in a time of rampant inflation.
		Views expressed in the economic quiz are those of the individual author.
	www.bos.frb.org /economic/quiz/q082602.cfm (195 words)

	Drop Till We Shop?
		Paralleling this crisis is mounting disaffection with Washington- or Westminster-type liberal democracies that have served as a central stabilization mechanism for global capitalism in the South--a site that hardly makes an appearance on Brenner's stage yet has constantly been a critical point of vulnerability in the stable reproduction of the system globally.
		Finally, there is the strategic crisis brought about by politico-military "overextension." While there may be factions in Washington that see "military Keynesianism" as a way out of the current economic impasse, in fact the military equation at this juncture might be more of an unraveling factor.
		But his superb analysis of the crisis of production needs to be supplemented with an exploration of the parallel crisis of the system of reproduction to bring home both the depth of capitalism's contemporary crisis and the volatility of the conjuncture.
	www.thenation.com /doc/20021021/bello/3 (694 words)

	CCC - Countering Terrorism with Trade: Case of Pakistan
		The economic rationale behind increasing quotas and reducing tariffs is quite logical and compelling.
		For this dismal economic situation the economic managers are responsible… our failure was due to inability to cater to the needs of the market." One result is that the country has tended to rely increasingly on a few products and on exports with stagnating unit values, in contrast to the most successful Asian countries.
		Policy uncertainty was in part a function of the mounting debt crisis of 1990s but it also stemmed from policy slippages and reversals by successive governments throughout the decade.
	www.ccc.nps.navy.mil /si/oct02/southAsia.asp (2986 words)

	afrol News: South African report on Zim elections embarrassing
		And the costs are high, for Zimbabwe, for South Africa and for the African continent.
		Zimbabwe is assured a further economic dissolution under Mugabe's rule and international sanctions.
		South Africa is already hit by a crumbling currency and halt in international investments due to the Zimbabwe crisis.
	www.afrol.com /News2002/sa007_leader_zim.htm (942 words)

	The Election Crisis in Sri Lanka
		A political crisis involving Sri Lanka's president and prime minister is threatening democracy and the rule of law in that South Asian country.
		She initiated the crisis only after the prime minister's government began impeachment procedures against a political ally--the chief justice of the Supreme Court.
		To spur the parties to restart peace talks, American military and economic aid should be based on a resumption of the peace process.
	www.heritage.org /Research/AsiaandthePacific/em916.cfm (1097 words)

	AEI - Short Publications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		For, far from being primarily the result of the vagaries of the financial markets, the rand's recent collapse was more a reflection of past policy mistakes that allowed the rand to become highly overvalued and that allowed the external current account deficit of the balance of payments to balloon.
		One would have thought that the harrowing experience of that crisis, which saw the rand in virtual freefall, would have made the Reserve Bank more wary about ever again allowing the rand to become overvalued and about leaving the value of the currency to be purely market-determined.
		This is a great pity since it runs the very real risk of putting an end to the economic recovery with all of the social dislocation that a recession involves.
	www.aei.org /publications/filter.economic,pubID.24609/pub_detail.asp (813 words)

	South American economic crisis of 2002 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The South American Economic Crisis is the economic disturbances which have developed in 2002 in the South American countries of Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay.
		These crisis have shaken confidence in the Washington consensus.
		This page was last modified 09:13, 1 June 2006.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/South_American_economic_crisis_of_2002 (108 words)

	Development, Democracy, and Human Rights - Social and Economic Policy - Global Policy Forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		An important aspect of development policy is the relationship between economic growth, on the one hand, and democracy, human rights, and responsive governance on the other.
		The report illustrates that in 2002, 56.3 percent of Latin Americans believed that economic development was more important than democracy and 54.7 percent stated that they would support an authoritarian government if it resolved their problems.
		A blunt new report by Arab intellectuals commissioned by the United Nations warns that Arab societies are being crippled by a lack of political freedom, the repression of women and an isolation from the world of ideas that stifles creativity.
	www.globalpolicy.org /socecon/develop/demoindex.htm (1932 words)

	As Argentina goes, so go the Americas \| csmonitor.com
		The truth is that Argentina faces a severe financial crisis, deep alienation of the public, and a political culture that blames the politicians but not the voters.
		Since the region's first debt crisis in the mid-19th century, boom- bust cycles have raised expectations and dashed them.
		Argentina has been unable to break loose from its economic crisis in part because its leaders haven't made the hard decisions to close banks and reduce deposits without clear support from the US and the International Monetary Fund.
	www.csmonitor.com /2002/1114/p11s02-coop.htm (792 words)

	November 2002 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Yemen: A AGM-114 Hellfire missile launched by an American drone airplane destroyed a car carrying what the United States claims were six members of al-Qaeda, including the mastermind of the USS Cole attack, Qaed Salim Sinan al-Harethi.
		Anti-Semitism: Harvard University canceled an invitation to Irish poet and Oxford University lecturer Tom Paulin after some statements attributed to him in an article in an Egyptian newspaper, al-Ahram, were labelled anti-Jewish by university officials.
		Kenyan hotel bombing: Three suicide bombers detonated themselves at a hotel in Mombasa, Kenya, killing a number of people, including Israeli tourists who have been presumed to be the targets of the attack.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/November_2002 (2354 words)

	NucNews - October 24, 2002
		South Korea's unification minister, Jeong Se Hyun, who returned early today from four days of talks with North Korean officials in Pyongyang, said that in talks with the United States, his government would relay North Korea's demand that Washington end its "hostile policy" toward the North.
		American diplomats argued that the negotiations among the five veto-bearing countries were among the most arduous ever for a resolution.
		American and British diplomats insisted they had made significant concessions to the complaints from France and Russia in the draft they presented on Monday.
	nucnews.net /nucnews/2002nn/0210nn/021024nn.htm (19666 words)

	What Role Does the United States Have in the India-Pakistan Crisis?
		I think American policy really made this the central focus, America made this the central focus of American policy in the Clinton Administration and the policy then evolved into the phrase "cap, roll-back, and eliminate" nuclear weapons.
		There don't seem to be any vital American interests in South Asia, that is nothing of direct threat to the United States except for possibly events that might occur in Pakistan.
		But another part of an American plan besides coming out with some view of Kashmir should be, I think, massive significant economic assistance to Pakistan because I think Kashmir needs this kind of assistance to rebuild its civilian institutions.
	www.brook.edu /comm/transcripts/20020611.htm (10160 words)

	AsianWeek.com: Business: Southeastern Trades (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The U.S. embassy had to be fortified with rows of razor wire, and a water cannon was kept there as a precaution, while the U.S. embassy advised non-essential American personnel to leave the country.
		Their forecast is that the Indonesian economy must expand by at least 7 percent annually to absorb the large number of jobless looking for work each year.
		Dana Dillon, Senior Policy Analyst with the Heritage Foundation, a Washington, D.C.-based think tank, said, “Indonesia is still in crisis; the government is unstable and the country’s democracy, fragile.
	www.asianweek.com /2002_02_01/biz_southeast.html (1077 words)

	Futsal On
		The fact of the matter, however, is that I had no knowledge whatsoever regarding the South American Games, nor did I have any recollection of there ever being a futsal exhibition within that competition.
		One might be tempted to conclude that futsal would be an integral part of any Latin American athletic competition this extensive, but in fact futsal is making its debut at the South American Games - 24 years after the event's inception.
		Falcao made the trip to Madrid but is not going to be in the South American Games, as he has only recently made the decision to come back to futsal.
	www.futsalonline.com /southamericangames.html (772 words)

	CNNSI.com - Soccer - South American clubs hope for Libertadores lift - Monday February 04, 2002 01:18 PM
		Posted: Monday February 04, 2002 1:18 PM RIO DE JANEIRO (Reuters) -- South American clubs will hope to put a difficult year behind them on Tuesday when the 2002 Libertadores Cup gets underway with five scheduled games.
		The "tango effect" caused such a shortfall in advertising revenue in this once-wealthy nation that the whole viability of the 2002 Libertadores Cup was called into question at one stage.
		But an 11th hour deal struck last week between the South American Football Confederation (CSF) and Fox Sports boosted funding and allowed the tournament to go ahead as scheduled.
	sportsillustrated.cnn.com /soccer/news/2002/02/04/latin_rdp (1374 words)

	Online NewsHour: Widening Worries -- August 5, 2002
		Many, all of the Latin American countries were democracies in the 90s, they deepened their democracies in various ways, we're most familiar in the case of Mexico, but it was happening in other countries -- more local elections, decentralized government.
		And on the economic side, inflation was brought down from thousands of percents to inflation that looks like Europe or the U.S. There was privatization and deregulation.
		Then after that comes 2002 with Brazil, again, the administration gives signals of no more bailouts, and now again here we are in August of 2002 and the Treasury secretary then does an about face and he goes down to Brazil talking about the need to help Brazil.
	www.pbs.org /newshour/bb/latin_america/july-dec02/worries_8-5.html (2460 words)

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