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	South Arabian - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		South Arabian is a technical designation within Semitic linguistics for one of two main branches of South Semitic.
		All the contemporary South Arabian languages are spoken by tiny populations under constant pressure from the dominant position of Arabic in the surrounding populations.
		The Modern South Arabian or Eastern South Semitic languages are spoken mainly by tiny minority populations on the Arabian peninsula in Yemen and Oman.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/South_Arabian (424 words)

	South Arabian - Crystalinks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The South Arabian alphabet was used primarily in the Sabaean and Minaean kingoms in the Southern edge of the Arabian Peninsula.
		It is thought to have diverged from the Proto-Canaanite alphabet as early as 1300 BC, and a developing form appeared in Babylonia and near Elath of the Gulf of Aqaba around the 8th/7th centuries BC.
		The South Arabian proper appears around 500 BC, and continued to be used until around 600 AD (at which time, of course, the entire Arabian Peninsula was converted to Islam and Arabic became the most important language).
	www.crystalinks.com /arabian.html (135 words)

	Towns and temples – the emergence of south Arabian civiliza...
		South Arabian culture cannot have depended entirely on the monopoly of its precious wares and the exchange with the civilisations of the near east.
		The second condition that South Arabian societies had to fulfill in order to make full use of the opportunities offered by the trade with foreign countries was the acquisition of foreign techniques and their dissemination throughout the state.
		South Arabian civilization appears to have started in Marib shortly before the middle of the first millennium B.C. Most of the earlier buildings were constructed unburned bricks, the later ones of stone.
	www.yemenweb.com /info/_disc/0000002d.htm (4603 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Arabia
		It is a peninsula of an irregularly triangular form, or rather, an irregular parallelogram, bounded on the north by Syria and the Syrian desert; on the south by the Indian Ocean, on the east by the Persian Gulf and Babylonia, and on the west by the Red Sea.
		Another Arabian bishopric was that of the island of Jotabe, near the Gulf of Akabah; and a Bishop of Jotabe, by the name of Anastasius was present at the Council of Jerusalem (536).
		With the overthrow of the Abyssinian Dynasty in the south, the increase of factional rivalries between the Byzantine and the Persian Empires in the north, and the advent of Islam, Christianity in Arabia came to an end.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/01663a.htm (12127 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for arabian
		Arabian Desert ARABIAN DESERT [Arabian Desert] or Eastern Desert, c.86,000 sq mi (222,740 sq km), E Egypt, bordered by the Nile valley in the west and the Red Sea and the Gulf of Suez in the east.
		Arabian horse ARABIAN HORSE [Arabian horse] breed of light horse developed in Mesopotamia and N Africa, and probably the first true domesticated breed.
		Arabian Sea ARABIAN SEA [Arabian Sea] ancient Mare Erythraeum, northwest part of the Indian Ocean, lying between Arabia and India.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=arabian (507 words)

	Bank notes of South Yemen
		The new South Arabian Dinar (SA£) was divided into 1000 fils, was equivalent to 20 East African Shillings, and maintained the parity with the pound sterling that existed with its East African equivalent.
		Thus the 5 shillings of East Africa was equal to the 250 fils of South Yemen, 10 shillings was equal to 500 fils, 20 shillings was equal to 1 dinar (with both being equal to one pound sterling), and 100 shillings was equal to 5 dinars.
		By making the notes of the South Arabian Currency Authority the same colour as the notes they were replacing, a certain familiarity was able to be assigned to the new notes by the public who were receiving the new issue.
	www.al-bab.com /yemen/soc/banknotes2.htm (3093 words)

	Arabic languages. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The Arabic languages comprise North Arabic (or simply Arabic) and South Arabian (or Himyaritic or South Arabic); South Arabian differs sufficiently from North Arabic to be considered a separate language.
		Old South Arabian, or Himyaritic, was the language of people living in the S Arabian Peninsula in ancient times.
		Old South Arabian had its own alphabet, the origin of which is still not clear, although it is generally thought to have had the same source as the North Semitic writing.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ar/Arabicla.html (710 words)

	CMK Arabian Horses: The South American Arabian Pedigree FAQ
		Horses in South America were part of the deadlock between the Arabian Horse Registry of America (AHRA) and the World Arabian Horse Association (WAHO).
		Arabian breeding in South America began with the horses of Sr.
		According to Britta Fahlgren's The Arabian Horse Families of Poland, this Babolna stallion was the sire at Antoniny of Tybet, whose grandson Ornis was exported to Spain in 1912.
	cmkarabians.com /articles/RJSAFAQ.html (2449 words)

	Islam is repackaged polytheism: Encyclopedia Britannica, Arabian Religions, p1057, 1979
		In the official cults of the South Arabian kingdoms, the devotees venerated most highly a triad of deities that were astral in character: the moon god, the sun goddess, and the god equated with the planet Venus.
		In North Arabian temples the image of the deity sometimes stood in the open air, or could be sheltered in a qubbah, a vaulted niche.
		The South Arabian festival of Halfan was a moratorium on the use of weapons.
	www.bible.ca /islam/library/islam-quotes-britannica.htm (2760 words)

	Protected Areas Programme - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The eastern and southern borders of the property lie on the shoreline of the Arabian sea, which is part of the Indian Ocean.
		To the south of Jiddat al Harasis is Sahil al Jazir, and to the south east is Ra's Madrakah.
		FAUNA The fauna of the region is typical of the Arabian peninsula.
	www.unep-wcmc.org /protected_areas/data/wh/oryx_san.html (2139 words)

	sufi.html
		Serjeant was his best in the field in South Arabia, where, if need be, his huge frame could scale inaccessible heights with the agility of a mountain goat in order to pursue his scholarly aims, or else in the milieu of the annual international Seminar for Arabian Studies, of which he was co-founder in 1969.
		South Arabian Poetry, I: Prose and poetry from Hadramawt.
		'South Arabia and Ethiopia - African elements in the South Arabian population'.
	www.aiys.org /webdate/serjo.html (3516 words)

	British-Yemeni Society: Archaeological research in Yemen, by C Phillips
		Therefore, despite all of the achievements made by Niebuhr and his colleagues, the recording of South Arabian inscriptions and the first hand description of South Arabian antiquities was something which eluded them and it is not until the early nineteenth century that subsequent visitors to the Yemen were able to fulfil this task.
		The implication therefore, was that the South Arabian alphabet might have been in use from the early first millennium BC.
		The origin of South Arabian civilisation was, and undoubtedly still is to some extent, rather problematic.
	www.al-bab.com /bys/articles/phillips96.htm (2379 words)

	Spices, Gold and Precious Stones: The South Arabian Spice Trade
		Frankincense and myrrh were not the only spices that were traded by the South Arabians; cinnamon, cassia and dragon's blood were also precious commodities that were transported over long distances.
		Pliny reported from an earlier source that a variety of different types of cinnamon and cassia were brought to Arabia from Africa on rafts that came to Okelis in the third century BC, in the days when Okelis belonged to the king of Qataban.
		Gold artefacts from South Arabia are very rare because they were often melted down, but this gold bull in the British Museum collection shows just how accomplished South Arabian goldsmiths were.
	www.fathom.com /course/21701787/session4.html (969 words)

	BIRDS OF WESTERN SAUDI ARABIA (Part One)
		Additionally, two endemic subspecies, the south arabian wheatear and the Asir magpie are restricted to these mountains, the latter entirely to the Asir province.
		south of Jeddah, have breeding white-cheeked terns on coral islets in July/August and the sooty falcon is a possible visitor to this area in summer.
		Outside the breeding season, this species ranges south, as far along the east African coast as Kenya and Tanzania, although it is decidedly more local and difficult to see on the Kenya coast.
	www.arabianwildlife.com /archive/vol2.1/birsau.htm (1482 words)

	croci.html
		Ancient South Arabia: From the Queen of Sheba to the Advent of Islam.
		Without the archaeological records of Southern Arabia's cities, temples, and necropoli, South Arabian civilization would still be lost to contemporary scholars: without inscriptions and historical accounts, ancient South Arabians would be as mysterious as the lost founders of Great Zimbabwe.
		Next, the reader encounters ancient South Arabian cities and villages, both as archaeological remains (Chapter 4) and a socio-economic reconstruction of the diverse lives of their inhabitants (Chapter 5).
	www.aiys.org /webdate/bretj.html (2080 words)

	Spices, Gold and Precious Stones: The South Arabian Spice Trade
		One of the most important commodities collected on this expedition was a type of myrrh, and although it has long been held that the Egyptian sailors were visiting Arabia or Somalia, it is now thought that the visit must have been to the area of present-day Eritrea.
		A cuboid incense burner in the British Museum collection, possibly dating to the fifth or fourth century BC, is especially important because the four sides are inscribed with the names of four different sorts of incense.
		Myrrh is not mentioned on the South Arabian incense burners, perhaps because myrrh was not burned but was instead used in medicine and possibly in the preservation of the dead.
	www.fathom.com /course/21701787/session3.html (1141 words)

	Nabataea: South Arabia
		While production of frankincense was in the hands of the South Arabians, trade was in the hands of the Nabataeans, and both the consumer and the producers were at the mercy of the middlemen.
		Thus, it was vital that the Nabataeans not only have good relationships with these south Arabian kingdoms, it was vital that they remotely guide and influence these kingdoms without seeming to meddle directly in their politics.
		Some South Arabian inscriptions mention the incense trade as is illustrated in an inscription (about 4th/3rd century B.C.) found on a straight section of the city wall of Baraqish.
	nabataea.net /sarabia.html (4687 words)

	South Arabia and Yemen, 1945-1995
		In late 19th Century, the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula came under the British influence, and in 1937 the 5.000 years old port of Aden and surroundings was declared a Crown Colony.
		Seen in the rare markings of the South Arabian Air Force, and wearing the fl serial "301", this is one of the six DHC Beavers the British have supplied to their former colony when leaving, in 1967.
		South Yemen acquired a small number of Il-28 bombers from the USSR in 1970.
	www.acig.org /artman/publish/article_204.shtml (9334 words)

	Ancient South Arabian
		To the West and South, these highlands are flanked by low-lying coastal areas bordering the Red Sea (the Tihama) and the Indian Ocean.
		To the East lies a vast desert area (Ramlat al-Sabatayn) and to the North the mountain range of the Arabian Desert.
		The periods for which there are textual sources are now divided in: Archaic South- Arabian (1200 - 700 BC), Ancient South-Arabian (700-110 BC), Middle South- Arabian (110 BC - 300 CE), Himyarite period (300 - 525 CE), Axumite rule (525 - 570) and Persian rule (570 - 632) (after Robin 1982, 6 and 1997).
	www.barnard.nl /yemen/map.html (811 words)

	Birdwatching Trip Report from South West Saudi Arabia
		These are the Arabian Red-legged Partridge, Philby's Partridge, the Arabian Woodpecker, Yemen Thrush, Yemen Warbler, Arabian Accentor; and the finches: Arabian Waxbill, Arabian Serin, Yemen Serin and Yemen Linnet.
		In winter though, there can be lots of wildfowl and gulls, which migrate south, away from the cold snap in their breeding territories.
		It was the Arabian Red-legged Partridge, easily the biggest 'Alectoris' partridge I have seen, and there was at least a dozen of them.
	www.birdtours.co.uk /tripreports/saudi-arabia/swsaudi/swsaudi1999.htm (3463 words)

	TheSea.Org :: Middle East - Saudi Arabia -Arabian Gulf South
		Further south the continental shelf widens, and in the far south becomes very wide, with extensive, shallow, and turbid inshore waters.
		There is significant fishing for food and recreation on the nearshore reefs close to the towns, threatening local populations of target species such as large groupers, but there is little or no artisanal fishing.
		Some commercial fishing activities operate out of Jeddah and Jizan, mostly in the shallow bank areas to south of the country, where there is trawling for prawns and some fishing for pelagic species.
	www.thesea.org /coral_reef/world_reefs/middle_east_arabian_gulf_south.php (1905 words)

	Ancient Scripts: South Arabian
		It is thought to have diverged from the Proto-Sinaitic alphabet as early as 1300 BCE, and a developing form appeared in Babylonia and near Elath of the Gulf of Aqaba around the 8th/7th centuries BCE.
		The South Arabian proper appears around 500 BCE, and continued to be used until around 600 CE (at which time, of course, the entire Arabian Peninsula was converted to Islam and Arabic became the most important language).
		Written in Stone: Inscriptions from the National Museum of Saudi Arabia has good pictures of various South Arabian scripts, although it makes dubious statements that Aramaic came from the northern variant of South Arabian, and that Thamudic dates back to 1500 BCE.
	www.ancientscripts.com /s_arabian.html (195 words)

	Abstracts - Seminar for Arabian Studies 2004
		The South Arabian issues from the De Groot collection in the Nickle Arts Museum exhibit several chronological, epigraphic and artistic trends important to numismatic studies for the region.
		South Arabia's involvement with ancient camel caravan trade is invoked to explain several facets of cultural development, such as the alleged transmission of the alphabet from the coastal Levant southward, to the collapse of South Arabian civilisation.
		Using several cases in point-archaeological and epigraphic data from Dhofar to the Wadi al-Jawf-this paper focuses upon the combination of literary and archaeological evidence that must be used to test for the presence of camelid exploitation, the nature of that exploitation, and for evidence of camel caravans.
	www.arabianseminar.org.uk /abstracts2004.html (13758 words)

	Ancient Scripts: Alphabet
		This Proto-Arabian script eventually evolved by the 5th century BC into the highly elegant South Arabian script.
		The difference between Ethiopian and South Arabian is that Ethiopian writes vowels by adding ligatures to simple consonants, while South Arabian left the vowels out completely.
		There is one remarkable difference between the South Arabian tradition and West Semitic: the letter ordering.
	www.ancientscripts.com /alphabet.html (1403 words)

	Proposal to encode South Arabian in Plane 1 of ISO/IEC 10646-2
		Proposal to encode South Arabian in Plane 1 of ISO/IEC 10646-2
		The script known as South Arabian is related to the Sinaitic and early Semitic alphabets, but its shapes are remarkably unique for such a derivation.
		The South Arabian default directionality is RTL though some boustrophedon inscriptions are found.
	std.dkuug.dk /JTC1/SC2/WG2/docs/n1689/n1689.htm (343 words)

	SouthCanara-Home (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Dakshina Kannada, also called South Kannada, South Kanara, or South Canara, is a coastal district of India's Karnataka state.
		It is bordered by the districts of Udupi to the north, Chikkamagaluru to the northeast, Hassan District to the east, Kodagu to the southeast, and Kasaragod in Kerala to the south.
		The Arabian Sea bounds it on the west.
	www.southcanara.net /index.php (241 words)

	Trade between Arabia and the Empires of Rome and Asia \| Special Topics Page \| Timeline of Art History \| The ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Incense Route originally commenced at Shabwah in Hadhramaut, the easternmost kingdom of South Arabia, and ended at Gaza, a port north of the Sinai Peninsula on the Mediterranean Sea.
		Both the camel caravan routes across the deserts of Arabia and the ports along the coast of South Arabia were part of a vast trade network covering most of the world then known to Greco-Roman geographers as Arabia Felix.
		South Arabian merchants utilized the Incense Route to transport not only frankincense and myrrh but also spices, gold, ivory, pearls, precious stones, and textiles—all of which arrived at the local ports from Africa, India, and the Far East.
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/hd/ince/hd_ince.htm (385 words)

	Old South Arabian - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Old South Arabian (or Epigraphic South Arabian) is the term used for four closely related languages spoken in the southern portion of the Arabian Peninsula.
		Together with Ethiopian Semitic languages (such as the contemporary Ge'ez language) and the Modern South Arabian languages (not descended from Old South Arabian but from a sister language), they form the western branch of the South Semitic languages.
		Old South Arabian had its own writing system, the South Arabian alphabet, concurrently used for Ge'ez in the Ethiopian Kingdom of D`mt, ultimately sharing a common origin with the other Semitic abjads, the Proto-Sinaitic alphabet.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/South_Arabian_languages (205 words)

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