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Topic: Southern Mountain Cranberry

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	Cranberry - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The cranberries are related to the bilberries, blueberries, and huckleberries, all in Vaccinium subgenus Vaccinium.
		The Cranberry Harvest on the Island of Nantucket, Eastman Johnson, 1880.
		Usually cranberries as fruit are served as a compote or jelly, often known generically as cranberry sauce.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cranberry (784 words)

	Species:
		In interior Alaska, percent volume use of mountain cranberry by spruce grouse was 37.6 in July and August, 40.1 in September, and 17.3 in September [29].
		Mountain cranberry is susceptible to several diseases and insect infestations [38,42].
		Mountain cranberry occurs on high moors, heath barrens, sand dunes, and in peatlands, forest swamps, and bogs [38,41,114].
	www.fs.fed.us /database/feis/plants/shrub/vacvit/all.html (7729 words)

	Natural Communities of Virginia - Terrestrial System - High Elevation Mountain Communities: Spruce and Fir Forests (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Red spruce (Picea rubens) forests similar in composition to those of the North Carolina and Tennessee high mountains are restricted to high-elevation slopes and summits of the Blue Ridge (> 1,300 m [4,300 ft]) in Grayson, Smyth, and Washington Counties and Clinch Mountain (> 1,400 m [4,600 ft]) in Russell and Tazewell Counties.
		Yellow blue-bead lily (Clintonia borealis), mountain wood-fern (Dryopteris campyloptera), mountain wood-sorrel (Oxalis montana), shining clubmoss (Huperzia lucidula), and Canada mayflower (Maianthemum canadense) are abundant herbs rooting in the thick moss cover.
		Mountain woodfern (Dryopteris campyloptera) dominates the herb layer of a nearly pure Fraser Fir (Abies fraseri) forest near the summit of Mount Rogers in the Balsam Mountains (George Washington and Jefferson National Forests).
	www.dcr.state.va.us /dnh/ncTIa.htm (718 words)

	Natural Communities of Virginia - Terrestrial System - High Elevation Mountain Communities: Southern Appalachian Shrub ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Dense, shrub-dominated balds are confined in Virginia to high rocky summits in the Mount Rogers — Whitetop Mountain area of Grayson, Smyth, and Washington Counties.
		In Virginia, Southern Appalachian Grassy Balds are represented by a single occurrence covering approximately 80 ha (200 ac) near the summit of Whitetop Mountain at the convergence of Grayson, Smyth, and Washington Counties.
		Southern Appalachian Grassy Bald on the upper south slope of Whitetop (George Washington and Jefferson National Forests).
	www.dcr.state.va.us /dnh/ncTIb.htm (430 words)

	Vaccinium - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Vaccinium is a genus of shrubs in the plant Family Ericaceae including the cranberry, blueberry, lingonberry, bilberry, and huckleberry.
		The fruit develops from an inferior ovary, and is botanically a false berry.
		Subgenus Oxycoccus: the cranberries, with slender, trailing, wiry non-woody shoots and strongly reflexed flower petals.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Vaccinium (164 words)

	Mountain Cranberry
		Mountain cranberry is a member of the section Vitis-idaea within the whortleberry subfamily (Vaccinoideae) of the heath family (Ericaceae).
		In North America, mountain cranberry is restricted to areas north of the glacial boundary.
		Mountain cranberry also grows in a variety of dwarf shrub, dwarf birch-willow, and tundra shrub tussock communities.
	www.rook.org /earl/bwca/nature/shrubs/vacciniumvit.html (1654 words)

	Mountain Subdivision - Cranberry Grade (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Cranberry Grade is located between MandK Junction and Terra Alta, West Virginia, with a maximum ruling grade of 2.84 % against eastbound trains as the Mountain Subdivision climbs Backbone Mountain.
		Terra Alta was originally called Cranberry Summit during the early years of the BandO because of several local cranberry bogs in the area which resulted in the line between Rowlesburg and Cranberry Summit being known as Cranberry Grade ever since.
		Although times have changed and Cranberry Grade no longer boasts three tracks or complex operations, Cranberry is a very rough section of the Mountain Subdivision for CSX with 10000 ton coal drags in Run 8 struggling up one of the steepest mainline grades east of the Mississippi River.
	www.wvrail.railfan.net /cranberry.html (1614 words)

	WildWNC.org : Trees : Fraser Fir (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Fraser fir grows in a cold, moist climate characterized as a cool-temperate (microthermal) rain forest with a well-distributed mean annual precipitation of 1900 to 2540 mm (75 to 100 in) and average summer temperatures of 16° C (60° F) or less.
		Mountain maple (Acer spicatum) and serviceberry (Amelanchier spp.) are frequent understory trees.
		Others contend that the disjunct Abies subpopulations of the southern Appalachians are relicts of a once-continuous ancestral fir population with clinal variation along a north-south gradient (22,25,30,33).
	wildwnc.org /trees/Abies_fraseri.html (2705 words)

	Biking Cranberry Glades Backcountry, WV
		The wilderness is bounded on the west by the Cranberry Backcountry and on the east by the Highlands Scenic Highway.
		The Cranberry is the largest USFS Wilderness east of the Mississippi.
		The mountains are dissected by deep, narrow valleys and elevations range form 2,400 to 4,600 feet.
	www.outdoortravels.com /biking_wv_overview_cranberry.html (1288 words)

	Cranberry - RealAge Medical Encyclopedia
		Cranberry juice has also been used as a urinary deodorant for people who have lost bladder control.
		Cranberries are available fresh or frozen, and in juice and concentrate forms.
		Cranberries contain salicylic acid, a chemical that is similar to aspirin.
	www.realage.com /research_library/searchResults.aspx?link=file://Utility2/crsfiles/ma/ma_cranberr_ma.htm (647 words)

	Dolly Sods (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		This tableland is bounded on the southeast by the imposing scarp of the Allegheny Front and on the northwest by Cabin Mountain and Canaan Valley.
		Most of the southern part of the Tableland, including Dolly Sods, is drained by Red Creek, a branch of the Dry Fork of the Cheat River, while the northern part is drained by the Stony River, a branch of the Potomac.
		Southern Rock Vole (Microtus chrotorrhinus carolinensis) - a subspeciec of the Northern Rock Vole that ranges south along the higher Appalachians to North Carolina and Tennessee.
	www.asecular.com /forests/dollysods.htm (6799 words)

	Cranberry Glades and Vicinity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Cranberry Glades form a wetland complex in a deep valley beneath some of the loftiest parts of the dissected Allegheny Plateau.
		Although the Glades, with their numerous rare and disjunct northern and other species, have long been the focus of attention, they are integrally related to the rocks, soils and forests of the surrounding slopes and these have received little attention.An attempt is made here to study the bordering upland forests in some detail.
		Mountain Maple was an understory species here,and in places Ground Pine (Lycopodium flabelliforme) was conspicuous in the ground flora under conifers.
	www.asecular.com /forests/cranberry.htm (7053 words)

	AMC: Mountain Watch - Alpine Plant Profiles, Mountain Avens
		Mountain avens is found in all types of moist to wet alpine areas, including wet meadows, streams, bogs, depressions, and cliff seeps.
		Ecology — Mountain avens is a member of the rose family (Rosaceae).
		Environmental Change Issues — Because mountain avens is found in only a few locations worldwide, the handful of larger alpine areas in the White Mountains where it grows are crucial to its persistence.
	www.outdoors.org /research/mountainwatch/mountain-avens.cfm (407 words)

	IKIP Special Publications: Entomofauna Book: Chapter 4.2
		The entomofauna of the southern islands, especially the southern region of Kunashir, where representatives of the fauna of the thermophilous broadleaved forests of the Japanese type are encountered in fairly large numbers along with boreal palaearcts and Okhotsk taiga species, is richest.
		The influence of the warm Soya Current, which bathes the southern and western shores of Iturup, is also felt significantly on the natural conditions of the southern region and the Okhotsk littoral of this island, where coniferous and coniferous-broadleaved forests flourish and where southern representatives of the entomofauna are concentrated.
		It is significant that the ornithologist, V. Nechaev (1969), observed the same pattern of disturbance of vertical zonality in the distribution of birds along mountain slopes on the Southern Kurils, and I. Likharev (1957) cites the same regular pattern for terrestrial molluscs on the islands of Iturup and Shikotan.
	artedi.fish.washington.edu /okhotskia/ikip/Results/publications/entobook/chapter4-2.htm (7803 words)

	Planning & Management (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		To the south are the glaciated hills and plains of the Interior Mountains and Valleys Subsection.
		Soils on forested mountain back slopes with white spruce-willow woodland or forest (Picea glauca, Salix lanata, Salix planifolia) are generally formed in silty loess and gravelly colluvium with fractured schist within two meters depth.
		decumbens), willows (Salix spp.), cranberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea), blueberry (Vaccinium uliginosum), and Bigelow sedge (Carex bigelowii).
	www.nps.gov /dena/home/planning/ea/spruceea/saea3.html (14443 words)

	Plant Communities and their Classification
		A representation of the relationships between various plant communities in cross-section from lowland ponds to a mountain top is shown in Figure 10.5.
		Between the riverbank (riparian) vegetation and the natural pale or grey-green of the tussock tundra is a distinctive dark, dull, green stripe of heathland tundra (Welsh and Rigby 1971).
		The spruce woodland on the southern bases of hills and on south-facing slopes in valleys is made up of isolated stands in the northern parts of the area and continous stands southward in the Old Crow Flats.
	yukon.taiga.net /vuntutrda/veg/comm.htm (3558 words)

	Explorer Andre Michaux (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		He was waylaid by bandits and left for dead, naked on a mountain trail in Persia, and while nursing himself back to health, thought he would pass the time by compiling a French-Persian dictionary, and so he did - just one of his incidental accomplishments, a model of linguistic scholarship.
		Seeking it, insatiably, he traveled south into the impassable marshes of southern Florida and north into the tundra of British Canada and west through the thick forests of Kentucky and Illinois and into the unmapped territory west of the Mississippi.
		It was his first late-summer trip to these mountains, and he found plants new even to him...a new stewartia between Charlotte and Lincolnton...a lily of the valley on the mountianside above Linville...a flame azalea...white alder and mountain cranberry...the green and growing things that always made his heart beat faster.
	www.grandfather.com /museum/michaux.htm (1602 words)

	Sherpa Guides \| North Carolina \| Mountains \| Mount Mitchell/Mount Mitchell State Park
		The rocks buried in the process were metamorphosed by heat and pressure into gneiss and schist, while deposits of sand and clay were also transformed into primary minerals— quartz, feldspar, and biotite mica.
		Though the durable mountain is erosion-resistant, millions of years of weather and water have slowly worn down what was once a much higher peak, leaving a still-rugged and majestic Mount Mitchell.
		At its higher elevations, the mountain receives 60 inches of annual snowfall and records average daily temperatures of 51 degrees.
	sherpaguides.com /north_carolina/mountains/black_mountains/mount_mitchell.html (1398 words)

	Free tours are offered at Cranberry World West in Henderson, NV near Las Vegas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Cranberry World West is a 10,000-square-foot visitors' center located adjacent to Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. juice processing and distribution facility in Henderson.
		Cranberry World West has a mix of inter-active displays, artifacts and audio visuals that take visitors on the cranberry's journey from its wetland planting and subsequent growth in acres of bog beds, to its colorful and unusual harvest, through quality testing and finally into the wide array of products that feature the crimson berry.
		Cranberry World West is located at 1301 American Pacific Drive, near U.S. 95, Lake Mead Drive in Henderson.
	members.aol.com /casinonews/18-cran.htm (328 words)

	Information for Patients-Medications
		Common names are small cranberry, southern mountain cranberry, lowbush cranberry, and highbush cranberry.
		Cranberries and their juice have been used for treating and preventing urinary tract infections.
		The plant grows in many areas across southern United States, and is actually the "state plant" of South Carolina.
	www.ca-bayareaurology.com /medications.asp (4911 words)

	Archives of Appalachia, Railroads (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The idea of trade routes across the southern Appalachians dates to the 18th century, and a turnpike from Knoxville, Tenn. to Spartanburg, S. was finally built in the early 1800s.
		Finally, railroads were completed which crossed the mountains in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and the region's relative isolation gave way to increased trade and economic development, with all the attendant changes to the region's way of life such easy access brings.
		A 30-minute videotape is available for 30-day loan from the department titled "Long Steel Rail: Southern Mountain Railroads." The tape examines the history and development of railroads in the region through historical photographs, rare recordings of railroad songs and work chants, and interviews with individuals who worked for the railroads.
	cass.etsu.edu /archives/railroad.htm (1047 words)

	Photo Gallery Template
		The rocks that make up Roan Mountain have been there since before the Appalachians came to be.
		These rocks, known as Cranberry gneiss, are found only in the United States.
		The peaks in the vicinity of Roan Mountain are believed by geologists to have been as high as twenty to thirty thousand feet before the slow processes of glaciation and erosion brought them to their present height over the course of many millions of years.
	www.appalachian.org /gallery/roanrocks.htm (75 words)

	TrailSource - Kennison Adventure Journal
		Continuing past the trail leading to the Cranberry Mountain Lodge (which looked like a most excellent base camp) at the end of the first mile, we rounded the summit of the namesake mountain on a rocky but hard-packed singletrack and pressed on.
		At the southern edge of the MNF, this 26,000 acre non-motorized area buffers the western headwaters of the Cranberry River while the aforementioned wilderness area flanks its eastern shore.
		This area of the Cranberry Backcountry is very popular with fly-fisherman for its trout (catch-release zones) and has Adorondak shelters every mile or so.
	www.trailsource.com /biking/journals/wv_kennison.html (1235 words)

	Plant FAQ - Appalachian Trail Conservancy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Although today's mountains are heavily forested again, it is mostly “second-growth” timber, except in a few isolated coves of “old-growth” forest that date back to pre-Colonial times.
		Various kinds of broad-leafed trees are dominant, and the understory of small trees and shrubs is profuse. Oaks and hickories are the most common large trees, with maples and beeches evident in more northerly sections; some sproutings of chestnuts (a species that predominated until a blight devastated it early in the twentieth century) can be found as well.
		Pines and hemlocks characterize its southern reaches, while dwarfed spruces and firs (known as krummholz or taiga) grow at treeline in New Hampshire and Maine, just as they grow at the borders of the arctic lands farther north.
	www.appalachiantrail.org /plantFAQ (1307 words)

	WDNR - Kettle Moraine South Trails
		The Southern Unit of the Kettle Moraine State Forest has more than 160 miles of trails, varying in difficulty, length, and permitted uses.
		It is located in southern Wisconsin between the city of Waukesha and the village of Cottage Grove in Dane County.
		Explore both gentle and steep hills that pass through the southern forest hardwoods, pine plantations and the occasional open areas.
	www.dnr.state.wi.us /org/land/parks/specific/kms/trails.html (1091 words)

	Cumberland Gap National Historical Park - Plants - US-Parks.com
		Special communities exist in mountain bogs, low elevation wetlands, and on the sheer rocky bluffs extending along most of the eastern side of the Park.
		While we hope someday to identify all the plant species existing in the Park, we recognize that vegetation assemblage is not static.
		And we are witnessing a transformation in the Virginia pine elements of the forest as they succumb to the southern pine beetle.
	www.us-parks.com /cumberland_gap/plants.html (288 words)

	Park Detail: Arctic Network, Inventory and Monitoring Program
		Dall's sheep are widespread throughout the mountainous alpine areas of the park and preserve.
		At low elevations in the southern portion of the park the boreal forest is often interrupted by extensive areas of muskeg and wet marsh, especially on river flats and old stream channels.
		It tends to be dominated by ericaceous shrubs such as Ledum species, tundra bilberry (Vaccinium uliginosum), mountain cranberry (Vaccinium vitis-idea), and tussock forming cottongrass (mainly Eriophorum vaginatum) and sedges.
	www1.nature.nps.gov /im/units/arcn/park_detail.cfm?park_id=5 (3182 words)

	Music Festival Performers, Gila Mountain Dulcimers with a southwest flair by Kerry Coates.
		She won the Southern Regional Championship in 1999 and was the Third Place Winner in 2000 at the Winfield National Championship that same year.
		She taught and performed on the mountain dulcimer through out Arizona and the U.S. Anna was the "hammer" of "Arm & Hammer" with guitarist Stefan George, performing together for over 13 years and recording five albums.
		Drawing on decades of association with many of the best musicians in the southern mountains, as well as his deep commitment to preserving the old music, Don carries on the tradition in an exiting and innovative fashion unrivaled on the Mountain Dulcimer.
	www.gilamountaindulcimers.com /perform.htm (6468 words)

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