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Topic: Soviet Russia

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	Soviet Union - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Soviet Union was established in December 1922 as the union of the Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, and Transcaucasian Soviet republics ruled by Bolshevik parties.
		By Soviet historiography, revolutionary activity in Russia began with the Decembrist Revolt of 1825, and although serfdom was abolished in 1861, its abolition was achieved on terms unfavorable to the peasants and served to encourage revolutionaries.
		The Soviet Union occupied the eastern portion of the European continent and the northern portion of the Asian continent.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Soviet_Union (5205 words)

	Soviet Russia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The term Soviet Russia is sometimes used as a synonym for the Soviet Union.
		Other times, Soviet Russia is used as a synonym for Bolshevist Russia, which is in itself an informal term referring to the Bolshevik side in the Russian Civil War.
		Soviet Russia was also the name of a publishing house in the USSR.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Soviet_Russia (272 words)

	RUSSIA
		The Varangians/Russes got to Russia through their technology, the sailing ships that could actually take them to Greenland; but they came to rule the area through forms of large scale political organization that may have been rudimentary compared to Francia and Romania, but were beyond anything seen previously east of Moravia.
		Russia would then always be hindered by autocratic government that alternatively smothered dissent and innovation and then, alarmed at the backwardness of the country, attempted to impose top-down reforms and development -- which then would be resisted by a national conservatism that the government in its phase of being threatened by change would have loved.
		Russia was as weary of war as a country could be, but the Provisional Government decided to stay in the war against Germany.
	www.friesian.com /russia.htm (8586 words)

	Russia (08/05)
		Russia is a federation, but the precise distribution of powers between the central government and the regional and local authorities is still evolving.
		Russia and Ukraine are said to have the highest growth rates of HIV infection in the world.
		Russia has acquiesced (despite misgivings by some) in enlargement of NATO by members first of the former Warsaw Pact and most recently by the Baltic states that were forcibly integrated into the Soviet Union.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/3183.htm (8152 words)

	Soviet Russia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Soviet Russia is sometimes used as a somewhat sloppy synonym to the Soviet Union — although the term Soviet Russia sometimes refers to Bolshevist Russia from the October Revolution in 1917 to 1922 (Although Russian communists officially formed RSFSR in 1918).
		Afterwards, Soviet Russia was short un-abbreviated name of RSFSR (Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic) - until the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991.
		Soviet Russia was a newspaper in the Soviet Union.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/S/Soviet-Russia.htm (212 words)

	Tracking Nuclear Proliferation, 1998: Russia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Russia essentially inherited the Soviet nuclear command structure, including key codes needed to target and launch the Soviet strategic nuclear systems, some of which were still deployed in Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Ukraine as late as 1996.
		Russia has occasionally stated that it had a capacity to dismantle about 2,000 nuclear weapons a year; it has at the same time reported that the rate of dismantlement was slowed down by the lack of suitable storage space for dismantled components.
		Russia has also joined the MTCR and the Wassenaar Arrangement, and it has recently ratified the CWC—thereby boosting confidence that cooperation in establishing common assumptions and ground rules for national export control laws and regulations, and their actual implementation, will proceed in the areas of advanced conventional arms and dual-use technologies, missiles, and chemical weapons.
	www.ceip.org /programs/npp/russia.htm (8156 words)

	PlanetPapers - The Fall of Communism in Russia/Soviet Union
		Russia was faced with one of the toughest tasks, economic democratization.
		Russia, who moved least to free markets, whose economy continued to be based on payoffs, bribes and tribute, has done the worst economically and culturally.
		Russia is now faced with a task that may seem impractical, and a journey that may take many years, but it is believed one-day Russia may regain a well-balanced government.
	www.planetpapers.com /Assets/1541.php (1312 words)

	USSR: History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In establishing political domination, the Soviet technique was first to cooperate in coalition governments, in which the Communists were a minority but controlled the ministries directing the police, the armed forces, and the economy.
		Soviet economic development after World War II followed lines worked out in 5-year plans and a 7-year plan (1959-65), although the plans were sometimes not fully announced until they had been operating for a year or two.
		From the mid-20th century the Soviet government tried to enable all citizens of the Soviet Union's many nationalities to participate fully in the culture of a unified Communist society and at the same time to preserve the traditions of their regional homelands.
	members.aol.com /kwiersma/ussr_history.html (3700 words)

	BBC - History - Reform, Coup and Collapse: The End of the Soviet State (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The speed with which the Soviet system was transformed and the Soviet state disintegrated took almost everyone by surprise.
		The dramatic events that followed the change of leadership in 1985, culminating in the dissolution of the Soviet Union at the end of December 1991, had longer-term sources, but these did not determine the form or the timing of the system's transformation.
		Russia, which occupied three-quarters of the territory of the former Soviet Union, was a different society on the eve of Chernenko's death from what it had been at the time of Joseph Stalin's death just 32 years earlier.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/war/coldwar/soviet_end_01.shtml (375 words)

	Russia Country Analysis Brief (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Russia is important to world energy markets because it holds the world's largest natural gas reserves, the second largest coal reserves, and the eighth largest oil reserves.
		Russia is also the world's largest exporter of natural gas, the second largest oil exporter, and the third largest energy consumer.
		Soviet policies that encouraged rapid industrialization and development left a legacy of air pollution and nuclear waste with which Russia now is struggling to contend.
	www.eia.doe.gov /emeu/cabs/russia.html (5754 words)

	NTI: Country Overviews: Russia: Profile
		The collapse of the Soviet Union in December 1991 left the Russian Federation with the bulk of the massive Soviet weapons of mass destruction complex.
		Russia, as the successor of the Soviet Union, is a nuclear weapon state party to the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT).
		In November 1997, Russia ratified the CWC, but financial and other difficulties have impeded the destruction of its chemical weapons stockpile, so it is far behind the timetable specified in the treaty.
	www.nti.org /e_research/profiles/Russia (1064 words)

	CIA - The World Factbook -- Russia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Russia ended 2004 with its sixth straight year of growth, averaging 6.5% annually since the financial crisis of 1998.
		Russia has also improved its international financial position since the 1998 financial crisis, with its foreign debt declining from 90% of GDP to around 28%.
		Russia's manufacturing base is dilapidated and must be replaced or modernized if the country is to achieve broad-based economic growth.
	www.cia.gov /cia/publications/factbook/geos/rs.html (1739 words)

	Soviet Russia (1917-1923) and early flags of Russia in the Soviet Union (1923-1954)
		Soviet Russia (1917-1923) and early flags of Russia in the Soviet Union (1923-1954)
		Naturally, once the Soviet Union was formed, in 1922, these flags stand for a part of it, not for an independent Russia.
		This flag was superceded in 1923 by the Flag of the Soviet Union.
	flagspot.net /flags/su-ru_h.html (875 words)

	Russia and the Former Soviet Republics Maps - Perry-Castañeda Map Collection - UT Library Online
		Russia and the Former Soviet Republics Historical Maps
		Russia - Major Defense Industry Facilities in Russia from Defense Industries of the Newly Independent States of Eurasia.
		Soviet Union - Muslim Population, 1979 1981 (179K)
	www.lib.utexas.edu /maps/commonwealth.html (753 words)

	History & Culture of Russia / Overview
		This shift has not resulted in a simple vilification of everything Soviet or a naive embrace of all that preceded it, but it has spurred an unprecedented effort to regain the ancient Russian national heritage.
		Churches are being restored all across the country, great Russian writers and artists whose works were banned are once again being honored, and the individual character of ancient cities and communities is once again becoming established.
		For most western visitors, the bulk of Russia's history is nothing more than a compendium of hazy legends and sensationalist rumors--from scurrilous stories about Catherine the Great to tabloid television reports of the miraculous survival of the children of Nicholas II.
	www.geographia.com /russia/rushis01.htm (216 words)

	Documents Relating to the Former Soviet Union, Russia, and the Newly Independent Countries
		Russia and the Former Soviet Republics Maps, The Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection, The University of Texas at Austin
		Botkine, Pierre, "A Voice for Russia," By the Secretary of the Russian Legation.
		IN THE REGION AND IN THE CENTER: SOVIET REACTIONS TO THE BORDER RIFT by Elizabeth Wishnick
	www.mtholyoke.edu /acad/intrel/russia.htm (1836 words)

	russia soviet union
		Freud and the Bolsheviks: Psychoanalysis in Imperial Russia and the Soviet Union.
		Russia and the former Soviet Union, Central and Eastern Europe and the Middle East are characterized by developing economies that represent export opportunities......(Continue Reading)
		The end of the Soviet Union as a sovereign nation is a necessary and welcomed occurrence.
	www.fbcjoy.com /russia-soviet-union.html (404 words)

	Amazon.com: Books: The Soviet Experiment: Russia, the Ussr, and the Successor States (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Suny's tone is judicious, and his judgment that the Soviet experiment's great achievement of "rough modernization of a backward, agrarian society," which produced nonetheless an incompletely modernized society for the 1980s and 1990s, is well supported.
		The first impression of the traveler moving across Russia at the turn of the twentieth century was the vast size of the country.
		The Soviet Experiment is a snapshot of the social, cultural and polical paradigms that have helped shape this most interesting nation.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0195081056?v=glance (1345 words)

	HistoryWiz: Russia
		Russia and Eastern Europe Chronology North Park University - a chronology of Russian and Eastern European history 4000 BC to present
		Archives in Russia a brief extract from the ArcheoBiblioBase information system on archival repositories in the Russian Federation, maintained by Patricia Kennedy Grimsted in collaboration with Rosarkhiv, the Federal Archival Service of Russia.
		Illustrated History of Russia and the USSR pictures pertaining to Russian historical heritage and photos witnessing recent events in Russia
	www.historywiz.com /russia.htm (580 words)

	Greenfield Spy Was Trained in Soviet Russia — U.S. - NEWS - MOSNEWS.COM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		You name it, they were up to it,” Atkeson said, noting that the fact that Shaaban was allowed to enter Russia is a signal that he was likely recruited.
		Russia may increase the price of crude oil that it sells by entering the world market with a new higher quality blend, Deputy Economy Minister Andrei Sharonov said on Thursday, Oct. 20.
		The KGB, the most powerful organization of the Soviet era, is enjoying something of a renaissance in the distant and unprestigious Ryazansky district of south-east Moscow.
	www.mosnews.com /news/2005/03/05/greenfieldspyrus.shtml (532 words)

	Soviet Union (Former) : Country Studies - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress
		Soviet of the Union and Soviet of Nationalities
		The Soviet Union and the Nuclear Arms Control
		Military Policy of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
	lcweb2.loc.gov /frd/cs/sutoc.html (317 words)

	Hoover Tower Rotunda Exhibit: American Relief Administration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It is an epic adventure, set in Bololand (as the relief workers called Bolshevik Russia), and features a colorful mix of Americans-former doughboys, cowboys, and college boys-most of them hungry for adventure in the wake of the Great War.
		The Soviets were required to release twelve million dollars from their gold reserves to the purchase of the supplies.
		Once the trains arrived at their final destinations, their contents had to be conveyed from the railheads to the villages.
	www-hoover.stanford.edu /hila/ara.htm (1273 words)

	Moviefone: Soviet Russia Today Movie
		Synopsis: This flag-waving Soviet documentary was also released as The USSR on the Screen.
		In the course of the film's 90 minutes, the audience is treated to long, loving sequences depicting advances made in...
		Soviet Russia Today · Le Cafe Du Port · The Covered Trailer · Campement 13 · The Tower of London...
	movies.aol.com /movie/main.adp?mid=1188840 (230 words)

	Amazon.com: Books: Film Propaganda : Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany (Cinema and Society) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Cinema and Soviet Society : From the Revolution to the Death of Stalin (KINO - The Russian Cinema) by Peter Kenez
		This is a new, substantially revised and enlarged edition of Richard Taylor's work on propaganda and film in Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany.
		Taylor examines how each government used the cinema's potential for mass political propaganda, analyzing and discussing films which exemplify important aspects of propaganda in process, and which are available for viewing.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/1860641679?v=glance (701 words)

	Russia News - Media Monitoring Service by EIN News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Russia Confirms Deadly Bird-Flu Strain; New Area Is Affected in Romania
		The United States is in need of its own dose of perestroika, or restructuring, Mikhail Gorbachev, the man who brought such reforms to the Soviet Union, said Tuesday.
		The former Soviet leader said he had suggested the idea to a group of Americans at a spee
	www.einnews.com /russia (558 words)

	Russia
		The paramount Soviet leaders comprised it: Vice-President Gennady Ivanovich Yanayev (s.a.); Prime Minister Valentin Sergeyevich Pavlov (s.a.); KGB chairman Vladimir Kryuchkov; Defense Minister Dmitry Yazov (b.
		Although the U.S.S.R. was "Soviet Socialist" from its founding, all the republics began as "Socialist Soviet" and did not change to the other order until various dates in 1937.
		Dec 1920 Chukotka and Kamchatka regions ceded to Soviet Russia.
	www.worldstatesmen.org /Russia.htm (4518 words)

	EssayLib.com :: free essays : History : The Fall of Communism in Russia/Soviet Union (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The 1980's saw a dramatic drop in the standards of the Soviet citizens.
		B, Ulam, "Looking at the Past: The Unraveling of the Soviet Union" Source: February 5, 1996 Associated Press article (11 Dec. 99)
		4."The Electric Passport to Russia and Communism" http://www.mrdowling.com/707russia.html (11 Dec. 1999)
	www.essaylib.com /library/essay/101580.html (1311 words)

	[No title]
		Explaining Russia's Fertility Decline in the 1980s and Early 1990s
		The Concept of the Second Demographic Transition as an Assumption in Fertility Projections for Russia
		Permission is given to duplicate this on-line document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete.
	www.rand.org /publications/CF/CF124 (284 words)

	Russia 1920-1926 \| Pictures \| Photos \| The «Cultural Revolution» in Soviet Russia 1920 » 1929
		In order to bring music into the service of the collectivity and to make it audible to the millions simultaneously, the old musical instruments were replaced by an Orchestra of Factory sirens "in accordance with the Times".
		Bolshevik Gymnastic Display - Dance forming the initials of the Soviet Union CCCP
		In a «Red Workers' Club» ¬ Performance of a play by Mayerhold, in which the political questions of the day are discussed.
	www.katardat.org /Stalin/visual/pictures/photos1926.html (256 words)

	Soviet/Russian Space program links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Soviet and Russian Space Activities from Zarya web-site.
		FAS Space Policy Project maintained by Federation of American Scientists.
		Zarya: A Source of Information on Soviet and Russian Spaceflight.
	www.cs.umd.edu /~dekhtyar/space (128 words)

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