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Topic: Sovnarkhoz

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	Sovnarkhoz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Sovnarkhoz, (Совнархоз, Совет Народного Хозяйства, Sovet Narodnogo Hozyaistva, "Council of National Economy"), usually translated as Regional Economic Council, is an organization of the Soviet Union to manage a separate economic region.
		Sovnarkhozes were introduced by Nikita Khrushchev in July 1957 in an attempt to struggle with the centralization and departmentalism of ministries.
		The USSR was initially divided in 105 economic regions, with sovharknozes being operational and planning management.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/S/Sovnarkhoz.htm (226 words)

	Tony Cliff: Russia - A Marxist analysis (Chap.12-2)
		The sovnarkhoz is to act as the planning and operational boss for the bulk of industrial and construction enterprises situated in the economic region.
		The new VSNKh are subordinated to the Council of Ministers of the appropriate Republic.
		The Dnepropetrovsk sovnarkhoz calculated that their metals and chemical factories were visited by 4,000 tolkachi in 1959, while 3,000 more descended on machinery factories and 1,000 besieged the snab and sbyt departments of the sovnarkhoz itself.
	www.marxists.org /archive/cliff/works/1964/russia/ch12-s2.htm (7792 words)

	Kondopoga. History and nowadays. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		According to that grandiose project the waters of the Suna were to be redirected towards the hydroelectric power station via lake system.
		On 19 July 1923 Sovnarkhoz of Karelia ratified the formation of a building society to build K hydroelectric power station and paper mill (Kondostroy).
		In 1927 Kondopoga became a regional centre, which was given a status of the town in 1938.
	www.kondopoga.ru /EN (1500 words)

	Posters of the "Fighting Pencil" Group, 1960-1961 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In the upper-right corner of the poster there is an excerpt from the mouthpiece of the Communist Party--"Pravda" daily, which tells that:
		Sovnarkhoz stands for Council for People's Economy, which were the regional agencies managing the economy.
		They were introduced by Khrushchev, who in the hope of reducing the power of overcentralized ministerial bureaucracies, decentralized decision-making to the regional level.
	newarkwww.rutgers.edu /pubadmin/russianposters/pencil1960.html (522 words)

	Free College Essays.com - Free Essays, Term Papers and Book Reports.
		He wanted to move the control away from Moscow and move control to more local regions thus instituting regional economic councils.
		Khrushchev reform of 1957 was known as sovnarkhoz.
		Arguably, Khrushchev’s sovnarkhoz may have been more of a political move rather then a move to increase economic efficiency.
	www.free-college-essays.com /Legal_Issues/22608-Reform_In_The_Khrushchev_Era.html (1579 words)

	Commentary on 'Institutional Nationalism' in Lithuania
		Manifestations of institutional nationalism in Soviet Lithuania after 1970 remain to be investigated.
		The abolishment of the sovnarkhoz system in 1965 placed a new emphasis on the branch principle in planning and management.
		This enhanced the role of the Ail-Union ministries, reduced the prerogatives of republic institutions, and created a number of basic systemic dilemmas.
	www.lituanus.org /1983_2/83_2_02.htm (1174 words)

	Tony Cliff: Changes in Stalinist Russia - Part 2 (1958)
		When this outrageous fact was investigated, the managers of the Dzurzhinski factory declared that they had orders from the Dnepropetrovsk sovnarkhoz to give priority to enterprises in their own region and to supply them in full.” [100]
		In a similar case cited by the chairman, suppliers from Nikopol arbitrarily cut deliveries of pipes to Minsk by 41 per cent, while only 7 per cent cut was made in similar deliveries to Kharkov (which is in the same republic as the supplying factory).
		Promyshlenno-Ekonomicheskaya Gazeta, February 5, 1953 quoted by A. Fedorov, The Sovnarkhozes – A Preliminary Survey, Bulletin, Institute for the Study of the USSR, March 1958.
	www.marxists.org /archive/cliff/works/1958/xx/changes2.htm (8613 words)

	Nikita Khrushchev Online Research :: Information about Nikita Khrushchev (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Second wave of the Land reclamation of virgin and abandoned lands (Virgin Lands Campaign)
		Introduction of Sovnarkhoz, (Councils of People's Economy), regional organizations, in an attempt to combat the centralization and departmentalism of the ministries
		Reorganization of agriculture, with preference given to Sovkhoz (state farms), including conversion of Kolkhoz into sovkhozes, introduction of Maize (earning him the Sobriquet Kukuruznik, "the maize enthusiast").
	www.ncweddingplanner.com /search/Nikita_Khrushchev.html (2107 words)

	Russian Aerospace Guide - N-1
		Korolev wrote harsh letters to Kuznetsov concerning the lack of necessary equipment in his factories, and at the same time pleaded with the regions CPSU party secretary V.I. Vorotnikov and V.E. Dymshits of the Council of Ministers for material assistance.
		According to Mishin, Vorotnikov and V. Orlov, and sovnarkhoz chairman V. Litvinov did their best to aid the development, however funding was not forthcomming at high levels of the government until 1966.
		Kuznetsov was to make all the engines for the N-1, and he began in 1963.
	home.comcast.net /~rusaerog/boosters/N1.html (5628 words)

	The Bolsheviks and Workers Control 1917
		Decree setting up a network of Regional Councils of National Economy (Sovnarkhozy) under the supervision of the Vesenka.
		"Each regional Sovnarkhoz was (to be) a replica in miniature of Vesenka at the Centre.
		It was to be divided into 14 sections for different branches of production and was to contain representatives of local institutions and organisations..." Each Sovnarkhoz could set up "smaller units incorporating the corresponding organs of workers control where the latter had come into being".
	www.spunk.org /texts/places/russia/sp001861/1917.html (11024 words)

	Economy
		From the end of the 1950s various reforms were carried out in industry.
		In 1957 the economic planning and administration system was reorganised and the so-called Regional Councils of National Economy (Sovnarkhoz) were created – in the Baltic region one for each republic.
		The Regional Councils gave considerably more autonomy to the local administrators and reduced the interference of the central Soviet ministries.
	www.okupatsioon.ee /english/overviews/economy.html (7808 words)

	World History Database (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The 105 economic units & Council of the National Economy, Sovnarkhozes, are abolished
		Proposes sending Chinese armies into Vietnam against the United States
		Deposed in a coup led by Ibo officers
	badley.info /history/1966.year.html (374 words)

	Russia - JRL Research & Analytical Supplement - 1-13-04 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In Khanin's estimation, Khrushchev was incompetent as a manager, while many of the rivals whom he defeated, from Beria to the "anti-party group," were much better managers than he was.
		* Khanin believes that the command system began to degenerate in the late 1950s with Khrushchev's ill-conceived sovnarkhoz reform (in which the industrial ministries were replaced by regional economic councils).
		Necessary central control over enterprise managers was relaxed.
	www.cdi.org /russia/johnson/8013.cfm (8077 words)

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