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	Soyombo script - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Soyombo script was created as the fourth Mongolian script, only 40 years after the invention of the Todo script.
		The eastern Mongols used the script primarily as a ceremonial and decorative script.
		The Soyombo script was the first Mongolian script to be written horizontally from left to right, in contrast to earlier scripts that had been written vertically.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Soyombo_script (867 words)

	Mongol Scripts
		This script was used as early as the mid 13th century as a stylistic variation of Uighur Script.
		The former is a logographic script based on Chinese characters, and the latter, developed by a Khitan scholar named Diela, is a syllabic script influenced in part by Uighur with characters for each syllable combined into word groups.
		This script was modified in 1632 with influence of the Korean Script (Hunmin Chong'um).
	www.viahistoria.com /SilverHorde/research/MongolScripts.html (2659 words)

	Culture Mongolia - Scripts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The classical Mongolian script is believed to have originated in the 9th or 10th centuries on the basis of the Uighur alphabet, but did not become the official system of writing until the 12th century.
		Named the "new script", textbooks for its study were distributed to schools, and at the end of the 1260s tax benefits were offered to people who enrolled in literacy courses using the new form of writing.
		This alphabet addressed the problem of one letter in the Mongolian script representing two or more possible sounds; its purpose was to bring closer together the spoken and written Mongolian languages, which had become considerably dissimilar after several centuries of stagnation of the written alphabet.
	www.culture.mn /mongolia.php?recordID=scripts (491 words)

	[No title]
		From the materials written in these scripts it is clear that the letters were created for recording the words of the three 'holy' written languages of that period: Mongolian, Tibetan and Sanskrit, each of which at some time served as a literary language for the scholars of Mongolia.
		The Vaghintara script was invented in 1905 by Agwan-Dorji (Vaghintara is the Indian form of the name Agwan, or rather the first component of his name) on the basis of Mongolian script.
		In official documents it is stated that the reason for the change from the Mongolian script to the new form of writing was twohold: (1) there was a great gap between the written and spoken languages, and (2) the Mongolian script was not suitable for the assimilation of foreign words.
	www.indiana.edu /~mongsoc/mong/language.htm (1204 words)

	The Soyombo Alphabet and the Soyombo Symbol
		Though the script has a unique appearance it failed to established itself as a script for everyday use; today it survives in the form of inscriptions on prayer mills and temples.
		A variant of the opening symbol of the Soyombo script (a symbol which appears before the letter A) however is in wide use today.
		In addition, the Soyombo symbol as it appears on the National Flag etc. has a precisely defined height and width ratio which is different from the width ratio in the Soyombo script.
	userpage.fu-berlin.de /~corff/im/Soyombo/overview.Soyombo.html (601 words)

	Soyombo script
		The Soyombo script was created in 1686 by Bogdo Zanabazar, a Mongolian monk and scholar who modelled it on the Devanagari alphabet.
		The Soyombo script was designed to write Mongolian, Sanskrit and Tibetan and for transcribing foreign words.
		The large symbols are two versions of the Soyombo symbol, the national symbol of Mongolia which is widely used on flags, banknotes, stamps.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/soyombo.htm (140 words)

	Writing Mongolian
		The first script used by the Mongols to write their language was the beautiful Uighur (Classical Mongolian) script that originated with China's Uighur, who brought it from the Middle East.
		Nevertheless, Phagsba script is a valuable research tool that yields insights into the phonetics and phonology of 14th century Mongolian and Chinese dictionaries.
		A variant of the opening symbol of the Soyombo script became the national symbol of Mongolia and can be seen literally everywhere in the country, from the national flag and money to official stamps and documents.
	www.koreanhistoryproject.org /Jta/Mo/MoLAN1.htm (869 words)

	Soyombo script - China-related Topics SM-SP - China-Related Topics
		The Soyombo script (from Sanskrit: svayambhu self-existent) was a syllabic script for Mongolian languageMongolian, created by Ondur Gegeen (the first Jebtsundamba Khutughtu) in 1686.
		Although he aimed to transliterationtransliterate Sanskrit and Tibetan languageTibetan words in BuddhismBuddhist literature precisely, which is impossible using the classical Mongolian script, the script did not become widely used.
		Although it is systematic and accurate, the script is verbose and unable to write shorthand.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Soyombo_script (259 words)

	Soyombo - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It has been proposed that this article or section be merged with Soyombo script.
		The Soyombo script was created by Bogdo Zanabazar, a Mongolian monk and scholar, in 1686.
		The first character of the script became the national symbol of Mongolia and as such it can be found on the national flag, money, official documents, official stamps, and many other things as well.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Soyombo (201 words)

	www.FamousChinese.com Search Results Page
		merge Soyombo The Soyombo script (from Sanskrit: < I>svayambhu< /I> self-existent) was a syllabic script for Mongo...
		Image:Orkhon.pngrightOrkhon script The Orkhon Script is an alphabet developed by the GokturksGokturks, a Turk...
		The Small Seal script was systemised by Li Si during the reign of the First Emperor of China Qin Shi Huang.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Running_Script (215 words)

	Asia Finest Discussion Forum > Golden Soyombo
		Soyombo is the symbol of the freedom and independence of the Mongolian people.
		A variation of the opening symbol of the Soyombo script (a symbol which appears before the letter A) is in wide use today.
		The exact proportions of the Soyombo symbol were defined in the Constitution of 1992.
	www.asiafinest.com /forum/lofiversion/index.php/t60377.html (1200 words)

	Lepcha script
		According to Lepcha tradition, the Lepcha script was invented by the Lepcha scholar Thikúng Men Salóng sometime during the 17th century.
		The inventor of the script was probably inspired by Buddhist missionaries.
		Another theory is that the script developed during the early years of the 18th century.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/lepcha.htm (218 words)

	SEI: Unicode Scripts Research
		Aramaic is the parent-script of Early Sogdian, Edessan script, Elymaic script, Hatran script, Hebrew, Kharoshthi, Mandaic script, Nabatean script, Palmyran script, Parthian and the Psalter script.
		Daniels and Bright – “The Elymaic script, though poorly attested, is the chief predecessor of the adaptations of the Aramaic script used to write a range of Iranian dialects in the ensuing Sassanid period and later”, p.
		A newspaper was published during the 1980s printed in the Dongba script and the Latin alphabet in an attempt to increase the level of literacy among the Naxi people in their own language.
	www.linguistics.berkeley.edu /sei/USR.html (7458 words)

	phagspa_script (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Phagspa script (also square script) was an Abugida designed by the Lama Phagspa for the emperor Kublai Khan during the Yuan Dynasty in China, as a unified script for all languages within the Mongolian Empire.
		The resulting 38 letters have been known by several descriptive names, such as "square script" based on their shape, but today are primarily known as the Phagspa alphabet.
		Despite its origin, the script was written vertically (top to bottom) like the previous mongolian scripts.
	www.hondparts.com /wiki/?title=Phagspa_script (273 words)

	Proposed New Scripts
		Expert reviewers of these scripts may be able to work with the proposers by contacting the Script Encoding Initiative.
		Amendments may incorporate a number of separate script proposals in one omnibus ballot, and it is important that feedback at this point refer to the actual amendment text rather than to the original proposal documents that were used by WG2 to prepare the amendment text.
		The following list of scripts have completed their final ballot approvals (the ISO DAM ballot), and are simply awaiting final, synchronized publication in a version of the Unicode Standard and in one or more amendments to 10646.
	www.unicode.org /pending/pending.html (838 words)

	Culture Mongolia - Soyombo
		The soyombo is the national symbol of Mongolia, used on the Mongolian flag and on the state seal, following Mongolia's independence from China in 1911 as an official symbol of freedom and independence.
		The soyombo itself dates back to the 18th century, when Zanabazar created an alphabet of the same name, using the soyombo symbol as the first letter of his script.
		The three flames at the top of the figure represent prosperity in the past, present, and future; fire is also a Mongolian symbol for growth and progress.
	www.culture.mn /mongolia.php?recordID=soyombo (188 words)

	Phags Pa AoA
		The Latin and Cyrillic references alone were not enough and I relied heavily on the Uighur Script references to better understand each character.
		The second line is a variation of the period examples, with the names of the King and Queen giving the award added to the style of the period wording.
		The Folded Script numbers are simply a variation of the Uighur Script ones, but squared off rather than rounded which looked more appropriate with the Phags Pa, which is also known as Square Script.
	www.viahistoria.com /SilverHorde/research/PhagsPaAoA.html (891 words)

	Mongolia Travel Information and Links from Boojum ExpeditionsMongolia Travel Information and Links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The symbol on the left hand side of the flag is the Soyombo, the national symbol of Mongolia.
		The origin of the Soyombo goes back to Zanabazar, the first Bogd Jebszundamba, who was head of the Buddhist lamasery in Mongolia during the 17th Century.
		He invented the Soyombo Script and the current national insignia was the first letter of this script.
	www.travelmongolia.com /flag-soyombo.html (250 words)

	culture
		The Uighur script itself was derived from the Sogdian and Aramaic scripts.
		A 44-letter vertical script called ‘square script’ was devised in 1269 on the basis of the Tibetan script by a Tibetan lama, the Revd (hPags-pa) Lodoi Jaltsan at Kubilai Khan’s court.
		A 90-letter horizontal called ‘soyombo’, named after the symbol in that script which became the national emblem of Mongolia, was devised in 1686 by the Ondor Gegeen Zanabazar, on the basis of the Devanagari script used for Sanskrit.
	danielroy.tripod.com /cgi-bin/alternate/mongolia/culture.html (2875 words)

	Mongolian Matters - News from Mongolia: 370th anniversary of the birth of Zanabazar
		Enkhbayar explained that Zanabazar used the Soyombo to express his simple teaching that events that happen to a person or people are a direct result of the people’s actions.
		He is famous for creating the Soyombo alphabet and many magnificent art works including portraits of the Buddha and sculptures of the 21 taras.
		His contribution to Mongolia was manifold: art, religion, writing (I believe it was he who adapted the Uighur script for Classical Mongolian); and these are the things that even until the present day help define Mongolia as a nation apart from the rest of Asia and the world.
	www.mongolianmatters.com /2005/08/370th-anniversary-of-birth-of.html (554 words)

	Phagspa script - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Phagspa script (also square script) was an abugida designed by the Tibetan Lama Phagspa for the emperor Kublai Khan during the Yuan Dynasty in China, as a unified script for all languages within the Mongolian Empire.
		The Uighur-based Mongolian alphabet is not a perfect fit for the Mongol language, and it would be impractical to extend it to a language with a very different phonology like Chinese.
		Phagspa extended his native Tibetan script (a Indic script) to encompass Mongol and Chinese.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Phagspa_script (359 words)

	Mongolia Frequently Asked Questions Version 7 (July 7th, 2000) - allanswers.org
		Mongolian Writing: Soyombo Another writing the design of which was politically motivated was the Soyombo script designed by the monk and scholar Zanabazar in 1686.
		More about the Soyombo script and symbol can be found at the Soyombo Script page of Infosystem Mongolei.
		Due to its structural similarity to Latin, the Cyrillic script could be integrated into the world of modern information technology (printing equipment, data interchange, computing, etc.) which further promoted the solid standing of Cyrillic writing in present day's Mongolia.
	www.allanswers.org /travel/mongolia-faq-3.htm (4366 words)

	Mongolia Frequently Asked Questions Version 3.02 (Dec 27, 1996) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In the history of the written language, numerous scripts were either accepted from other cultures or domestically designed.
		Though this script (called Uighur script because the Uighurs had used it first) has been the main vehicle of written Mongolian, a number of other writing systems have been and are being employed.
		In 1992, A law was passed to the effect that from 1994 on Mongolian Classical script be the official writing of Mongolia again.
	omicron.felk.cvut.cz /FAQ/articles/a53.html (4389 words)

	[No title]
		Yumbayar NAMSRAI (Mongolian Technical University, Mongolian expert for MLIT project) expressed the current status in #4-MLIT held in Yangon, Myanmar in October 1999 as follow: Project for the Soyombo is not opened yet due to the project funding difficulty.
		Thus, it would be better to re-open the discussion about the Soyombo at the WG2 when the project is actually opened.
		In addition to Soyombo, as far as Mongolian experts from both Mongol and China said that Pagba is another script to be considered.
	std.dkuug.dk /JTC1/SC2/WG2/docs/n2163.doc (241 words)

	Modern Mongolia: Reclaiming Genghis Khan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It is attributed to Zanabazar, the 17th century leader of Mongolian Lamaism, a great statesman, and the father of Mongolian art and script.
		The flag's blue center symbolizes the eternal blue sky; the two red sides symbolize progress and prosperity.
		The golden Soyombo stands on the red stripe nearest to the flagpole.
	www.museum.upenn.edu /Mongolia/section1a.shtml (202 words)

	1._Opening and roll call (N1751)_Update WG2 Distribution List
		In accordance with resolution M34.8 (Syriac script), to assist the editor in the preparation of the prepare the PDAM text on Syriac script based on document N1718, to enable the editor to forward the document to SC 2 secretariat in April 1998.
		In accordance with resolution M34.10 (Burmese script) to assist the editor in the preparation of the PDAM text on Burmese script based on document to enable the editor to forward the document to SC 2 secretariat in April 1998.
		In accordance with resolution M34.11 (Khmer script) to assist the editor in the preparation of the PDAM text on Khmer script based on document to enable the editor to forward the document to SC 2 secretariat in April 1998.
	anubis.dkuug.dk /JTC1/SC2/WG2/docs/n1903.htm (10049 words)

	[No title]
		The Mongolian script is originated from the Sogdian letters and was adopted in the 12th century, although it has undergone transformations and occasionally been supplanted by other scripts.
		In 1686, when the freedom of the Mongolian people was threatened by the Manchu, the first Bogdo Zanabazar invented the Soyombo and the Horizontal-square script on the basis of Devanagari, ancient Indian writing of Brahman origin.
		The Soyombo symbol, the national symbol of Mongolia, is widely used on flags, banknotes, stamps, etc.
	www.azuremongolia.com /about_mongolia7.html (278 words)

	Anthropology, Mongolia and more... Mongolia
		It is sometimes referred to as the “old script” or “vertical script” in Mongolian and even in English.
		There were various attempts over the centuries to create more readable alphabets for Mongolian, such as a square script developed by the ‘Phags-pa Lama during Khubilai Khaan’s reign, and the Soyombo script developed by Zanabazar (the First Javzandamba Hutagt) although these never managed to displace Mongol bichig.
		In the early 1990s, there were plans to convert back to the old script as an official writing form, but this was never realistic.
	www.chriskaplonski.com /mongolia/bichig.html (782 words)

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