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Topic: Soyuz 1

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	Soyuz 1 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Soyuz 1 (Russian Союз 1, Union 1) was part of the Soviet Union's space program and was launched into orbit on April 23, 1967, carrying a single cosmonaut, Colonel Vladimir Mikhailovich Komarov, who was killed when the spacecraft crashed after its return to Earth.
		Yuri Gagarin was the backup pilot for Soyuz 1.
		Soyuz 1 problems delayed the launch of Soyuz 2 and Soyuz 3 until October 25, 1968.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Soyuz_1 (522 words)

	Soyuz 5 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The Soyuz 5 was a Soyuz spacecraft launched by the Soviet Union on January 15 1969 that docked with Soyuz 4 in orbit.
		When the Soyuz started aerobraking in the upper reaches of the atmosphere, the combined spacecraft sought the most aerodynamically stable position - nose forward, with the heavy descent module facing directly into the air stream with only its light metal entry hatch at the front to protect it.
		Soyuz 4 launched first, and was the active vehicle in the docking with Soyuz 5.
	www.americancanyon.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Soyuz_5 (875 words)

	Soyuz
		The manned Soyuz spacecraft was originally conceived by Sergei Korolev in 1961 as a component of the “Soyuz complex” that also included unmanned booster modules and orbiting fuel tankers and was geared toward a manned mission to the Moon (see Russian manned lunar programs).
		Three-man missions involving a Soyuz modified by the removal of large fuel tank at the rear of the instrument module (not needed with the abandonment of the Moon plan) and the addition of a new docking system with a hatch to allow cosmonauts to transfer to a space station without a spacewalk.
		Soyuz 11 docked with the station normally but its crew was killed during reentry when a valve opened suddenly and allowed all the air in the descent module to escape.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/S/Soyuz.html (1255 words)

	Soyuz spacecraft - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The spacecraft are launched by the Soyuz launch vehicle, as part of the Soyuz program and the later missions of the Zond program.
		During the reentry of the second flight, Soyuz 11, the crew were killed when the capsule depressurised during the re-entry phase.
		A modified version of this spacecraft flew on Soyuz 13 where instead of the docking system was a large Orion 2 astrophysical camera for imaging the sky and Earth.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Soyuz_spacecraft (1379 words)

	ESA - Launch vehicles - Soyuz
		The decision to develop the launch infrastructure to enable Soyuz to be launched from French Guiana is of mutual interest to both Europe and Russia.
		Soyuz is a medium-class launcher and its performance will complement perfectly that of the ESA launchers: Ariane and Vega.
		The Soyuz rocket is the workhorse of the Russian human spaceflight missions and has been used for that purpose longer than any other spacecraft.
	www.esa.int /SPECIALS/Launchers_Access_to_Space/SEMQ5P57ESD_0.html (424 words)

	Soyuz 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Soyuz 1 (Russian Союз 1, Alliance 1) was part of the Soviet Union's Soyuz space program and was launched into orbit on April 23, 1967, carrying a single cosmonaut, Colonel Vladimir Mikhailovich Komarov, who was killed when the spacecraft crashed after return to Earth.
		Originally it was planned to launch a second Soyuz 2 into orbit on the next day carrying 3 cosmonauts - Valery Fyodorovich Bykovsky, Yevgeny Vassilyevich Khrunov, and Aleksei Stanislavovich Yeliseyev - and two of those were planned to do a space walk to Soyuz 1.
		The original mission of Soyuz 1 and 2 was later done by Soyuz 4 and Soyuz 5.
	www.theezine.net /s/soyuz-1.html (329 words)

	In Memoriam - Soyuz 1
		Soyuz 1 was launched on April 23, 1967 at 3:35am local time with pilot Vladimir Komarov.
		It is believed that the launch of Soyuz 2 never happened because of some sort of trouble Soyuz 1 experienced on orbit.
		Although there was trouble with the Soyuz spacecraft before launch, Leonid Brezhnev wanted to have a spaceflight to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Communist revolution.
	www.astronautmemorial.net /soyuz1.htm (327 words)

	Soyuz spacecraft
		The longest serving manned spacecraft in the world, the Soyuz was originally conceived in Sergei Korolev's OKB-1 design bureau for the Soviet effort to explore the Moon at the beginning of the 1960s.
		However, long after the Moon race was over, the Soyuz continued ferrying Russian crews to the Salyut and Almaz orbital stations, as well as it performed several solo flights and the historic docking with the US Apollo spacecraft in 1975.
		The Soyuz T version of the spacecraft flew its first manned mission in 1980, and since 1986 the Soyuz TM modification of the spacecraft has been delivering crews to the Mir space station.
	www.russianspaceweb.com /soyuz.html (1035 words)

	Space Today Online - Soyuz transports cosmonauts and astronauts to the International Space Station
		Soyuz TMA-3 was launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome to the ISS on October 18, 2003, carrying the Expedition 8 crew – American astronaut and commander Michael Foale and Russian cosmonaut and flight engineer Alexander "Sasha" Kaleri – as well as ESA's Spanish astronaut Pedro Duque.
		Soyuz TMA-4 was launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome to the ISS on April 19, 2004, carrying the Expedition 9 crew to relieve the Expedition 8 crew.
		Soyuz TMA-5 was launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome to the ISS on October 14, 2004, carrying the Expedition 10 crew to relieve the Expedition 9 crew.
	www.spacetoday.org /SpcStns/SoyuzTransport.html (2112 words)

	Articles - Soyuz 11 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Soyuz 11 was the second attempted but first successful visit to the world's first space station, Salyut 1.
		The Soyuz spacecraft was launched on June 6, 1971, from Baikonur Cosmodrome in central Kazakh SSR with cosmonauts Vladislav Volkov, Georgi Dobrovolski and Viktor Patsayev on-board.
		The valve, less than 1 mm in diameter, was supposed to equalise pressure inside the capsule in the final moments before landing, but in this case had instead allowed the cosmonauts'; air to leak away into space.
	www.worldhammock.com /articles/Soyuz_11 (438 words)

	Soyuz Spacecraft
		Soyuz ferry, 1972, to carry two spacesuited cosmonauts and equipment to and from the Salyut space station.
		Soyuz T ("transport"), 1979, a longer-duration vehicle to carry three spacesuited cosmonauts to and from the space station.
		Soyuz TM ("modified transport"), 1986, a further refinement to serve the Mir space station.
	www.nasm.si.edu /galleries/GAL114/SpaceRace/sec500/sec531.htm (233 words)

	Soyuz 1
		Soyuz 1 as active spacecraft was launched first.
		The Soyuz 2 launch would have to be cancelled, and all efforts had to concentrate on the successful landing of Soyuz 1.
		The drop of the Soyuz 1 mock-up at Fedosiya was cancelled due to the great likelihood of loss of the spacecraft and the low likelihood of obtaining any new data as a result.
	www.astronautix.com /flights/soyuz1.htm (4333 words)

	Soyuz-TMA 1 - 8 (7K-STMA, 11F732)
		The modified Soyuz TMA manned spacecraft has been developed on the basis of a Soyuz TM spacecraft in accordance with intergovernmental agreements between Russia and the USA and is an integral part of the International Space Station (ISS) Complex.
		The basic modifications of the Soyuz TM spacecraft are connected with implementation of requirements for enlargement of crew anthropometric parameter range up to the values acceptable for the American astronaut contingent, and with increase of crew protection level from shock loads by decreasing landing speeds and improving shock-absorption of its chairs.
		For implementation of the above requirements on the baseline Soyuz TM spacecraft the following basic modifications in layout, design and onboard systems of the descent module (DM) were made without increase of its dimensions:
	www.skyrocket.de /space/doc_sdat/soyuz-tma.htm (542 words)

	ESA - Human Spaceflight - New Soyuz TMA spacecraft cleared for next mission with ESA astronaut
		The maiden flight of the new series by the Soyuz TMA-1 spacecraft was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on 30 October 2002.
		The problem, which caused Soyuz TMA-1 to perform the re-entry in ballistic mode and land 150 km north of Baikonur 400 km short of the intended landing site, was due to a failure in the BUSP-M guidance system, which is necessary in order to carry out a controlled re-entry.
		This is only the third time in the history of the Soyuz programme that such a mode of re-entry has occurred, though the ballistic mode is one of four nominal re-entry modes that the Soyuz T, TM and TMA capsules could employ under different conditions.
	www.esa.int /export/esaHS/SEMVKRS1VED_index_0.html (1012 words)

	CNN.com - Soyuz capsule found hundreds of miles off target - May. 4, 2003
		A Soyuz space capsule carrying two American astronauts and a Russian cosmonaut appeared to be in "good condition" after it was found well short of its targeted landing zone in a remote area of Kazakhstan, a NASA spokesman said.
		The three-man crew aboard the Soyuz was scheduled to leave space aboard a shuttle before the fleet was grounded after the Columbia's loss.
		Because landing in a Soyuz is generally bumpier than in a shuttle, Ken Bowersox, Don Pettit and cosmonaut Nikolai Budarin were seated in the Soyuz on custom-built recliners designed to fit their bodies, NASA said.
	www.cnn.com /2003/TECH/space/05/03/soyuz.homecoming (895 words)

	1971 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Lunokhod 1 is parked for its fourth lunar night, having travelled a further 1,573 metres and continued its programme of photography and soil measurements and its protective 'lid' is closed - it has reached the end of its originally-planned life
		Soyuz 10 undocks from Salyut 1: the crew have been unable to enter the station - Soyuz 10 flies alongside Salyut 1 for the remainder of the day - orbit 191 x 231 kilometres
		Soyuz 11 descent module separates from the instrument unit and the orbital module - a pressure equalisation valve in the centre of the hatch which allowed access to the orbital module opens and, in less than one minute, the cabin atmosphere escapes
	www.zarya.info /Diaries/1971.htm (1507 words)

	Soyuz 1
		Problems with the tests of the Soyuz capsule indicated that the craft was not yet ready for manned flight.
		The original intent of the mission was for Soyuz 2 to be launched the next day (24 April) with three cosmonauts (Yevgeni Khrunov, Aleksei Yeliseyev, and Valeri Bykovsky).
		Two of these cosmonauts (Khrunov and Yeliseyev) were to have spacewalked to Soyuz 1 and returned with Komarov.
	www.worldspaceflight.com /russia/soyuz/soyuz1.htm (186 words)

	MSN Encarta - Yuri Gagarin
		Gagarin was born in the Smolensk region of the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).
		Gagarin and fellow cosmonaut Gherman Titov, front-runners in their class, were both contenders for the Vostok 1 flight.
		Gagarin was on the backup crew for Soyuz 1 and reportedly was a leading candidate for the planned Soviet piloted lunar landing.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761571506/Yuri_Gagarin.html (651 words)

	Sandcastle V.I. - Spaceflight Directory - Soyuz Flight Details 1
		The reentry process of Soyuz 1 appears to have gone completely normal through the routine communications flout period.
		In addition to parachutes, a gunpowder rocket was fired in the last seconds before touchdown as a final brake to soften the impact with the ground.
		Soyuz 6, however, was not equipped with a docking module.
	www.sandcastlevi.com /space/soy-01.htm (585 words)

	Soyuz TMA-1 mission to the ISS
		Since at least one Soyuz has to be docked to the International Space Station constantly to provide emergency escape for the three-person resident crew, Russia committed to fly a fresh Soyuz to the ISS every six months to replace its predecessor.
		The Soyuz TMA-1 spacecraft is expected to dock to the Pirs Docking Compartment of the ISS on Friday, November 1 around 8:00 Moscow Time.
		The crew of the Soyuz TMA-1 spacecraft, including Lance Bass (left) Commander Sergei Zalyotin (center) and Flight Engineer Frank De Winne photographed in front of the full-size mockup of the ISS module during the familiarization training at the Johnson Space Center (JSC) in August 2002.
	www.russianspaceweb.com /iss_soyuztma1.html (1885 words)

	SPACE.com -- Soyuz Data Recorders Indicate Human Error Not to Blame
		A pair of Soyuz TMA spacecraft are seen docked to the space station moments before the right vehicle undocked to return the Expedition Six crew to Earth on May 3, 2003.
		As a result of this loss of communications, Russian and U.S. space officials and the crew's relatives and friends endured an uneasy two hours before the rescue planes finally located the trio and their capsule nearly 325 miles (500 kilometers) away from the initially designated area in Kazakhstan.
		Speaking of the Soyuz TMA-1 descent, Energia president Yuri Semyonov told reporters in Chkalovsky, Moscow region, on May 4 that the capsule's onboard computer "simply went nuts" causing the spacecraft to go into an uncontrolled ballistic dive towards the Earth.
	www.space.com /missionlaunches/exp6_soyuz_030508.html (1091 words)

	Soyuz 1
		Soyuz 2, with a 3 man crew would launch the following day, with 2 cosmonauts spacewalking to Soyuz 1.
		Despite the various failures on the three previous Soyuz 7K-OK test flights (Kosmos 133, Kosmos 140A, and Kosmos 140), Brezhnev and Ustinov pressured Mishin to proceed with an attempt to accomplish the 'all up' manned rendezvous, docking, and crew transfer spectacular that would eventually be accomplished by Soyuz 4 and Soyuz 5.
		Soyuz 2, with the crew of Bykovsky, Khrunov, and Yeliseyev would launch the following day, with Khrunov and Yeliseyev spacewalking to Soyuz 1 and returning to earth with Komarov.
	www.friends-partners.org /partners/mwade/details/soyuz1.htm (756 words)

	Spacecraft - Soyuz
		Soyuz is the most-utilized manned spacecraft and is now into its third decade with a flight total comparable to the aggregate for Mercury, Gemini, Apollo and Shuttle.
		Soyuz 1-9 (1967-69) were configured for 3-man LEO solo missions of up to 2-1/2 weeks.
		Progress is derived from the manned Soyuz vehicle, but with the descent module replaced by a compartment for transporting up to 940 kg of propellants, other liquids and compressed gases for piping inot the station.
	www.braeunig.us /space/specs/soyuz.htm (1735 words)

	New Soyuz Spacecraft/Crew Successfully Launched to ISS
		A Soyuz FG successfully launched Soyuz TMA 1 from Launch Complex 1 at Baikonur Cosmodrome at 03:11 UTC on October 30.
		The flight is expected to dock with the International Space Station (ISS) around 05:00 UTC on November 1, with the hatch between the Soyuz spacecraft and the Space Station expected be opened at 06:30 UTC.
		The Soyuz TMA manned transport spacecraft is a modification of Soyuz TM spacecraft, built by RKK Energia.
	www.spaceandtech.com /digest/flash2002/flash2002-086.shtml (835 words)

	starsem press releases
		This was the 6th Soyuz mission in 2002 and the 75th successful launch in a row associated with the Soyuz family of launch vehicles.
		This was the fifth Soyuz mission in 2001 and the 63rd successful launch in a row associated with the Soyuz family of launchers.
		This was the fourth Soyuz mission in 2001 and the 62nd successful launch in a row associated with the Soyuz family of launchers.
	www.starsem.com /news/releases.htm (11093 words)

	Soyuz 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Soyuz 1 (Russian languageRussian Союз 1, ''Union 1'') was part of the Soviet Union's space program and was launched into orbit on April 23, 1967, carrying a single astronautcosmonaut, Colonel Vladimir KomarovVladimir Mikhailovich Komarov, who was killed when the spacecraft crashed after return to Earth/.
		Mission planners originally intended to launch a second Soyuz 2 into orbit on the next day carrying 3 cosmonauts - Valery BykovskyValery Fyodorovich Bykovsky, Yevgeny KhrunovYevgeny Vassilyevich Khrunov, and Aleksei YeliseyevAleksei Stanislavovich Yeliseyev - and two of those were planned to do an Extra-vehicular activityEVA to Soyuz 1.
		The Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) has imposed a ban on launches of Soyuz rockets saying the rehearsal will be possible after results of the investigation into reasons of the recent accident with the Molniya-M booster are known, employee of Roscosmos press department Konstantin Kreydenko has said.
	www.infothis.com /find/Soyuz_1 (641 words)

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