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Topic: Soyuz 14

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	Soyuz - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Soyuz
		The Soyuz rocket is used to launch the crewed Soyuz spacecraft, which delivers cosmonauts to the International Space Station.
		Soyuz spacecraft consist of three parts: a rear section containing engines; the central crew compartment; and a forward compartment for working and living space.
		Soyuz 1 crashed on its first flight in April 1967, killing the lone pilot, Vladimir Komarov.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Soyuz (211 words)

	Salyut 7 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		It docked with the station on March 10, and was used by the crew of Soyuz T-9.
		Soyuz T-10 was aborted on the launch pad when a fire broke out at the base of the vehicle.
		On September 17 1985 Soyuz T-14 docked with the station carrying Vladimir Vasyutin, Alexander Volkov, and Georgi Grechko.
	www.sevenhills.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Salyut_7 (779 words)

	Chronology of Manned Space Missions
		Soyuz 6, 7, and 8 were launched within a day of each other, putting a total of seven cosmonauts in space at the same time for a joint mission.
		Soyuz 13 carried the Orion astrophysical observatory, which was never deployed to the Salyut space station.
		Soyuz 15 had to cut its trip to Salyut 3 for a two-week mission short when their guidance system failed.
	www.windows.ucar.edu /tour/link=/space_missions/manned_table.html&edu=high (3072 words)

	Salyut 3 - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		It had two solar panels laterally mounted on the center of the station and a retactable recovery module for the return of research data and materials.
		Only one of the three intended crews successfully boarded and manned the sation, brought by Soyuz 14; Soyuz 15 attempted to bring a second crew but failed to dock.
		It tested a wide variety of reconnaisance sensors; on September 23, 1974, the station's recovery module was released and re-entered, being recovered by the Soviets.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /salyut_3.htm (246 words)

	SOYUZ!
		The spacecraft was basically the Soyuz ferry, with all automatic docking systems deleted, solar cells in place of batteries, a universal docking system in place of the standard one, and minor ECS and radio modifications for compatibility with American systems.
		Soyuz 22 was the backup Soyuz ASTP with the East German MKF6 earth resources photo system in place of the docking collar.
		Ignored and maligned in the West, the Soyuz was the key that unlocked the door of space supremacy for the Soviet Union.
	www.astronautix.com /articles/soyuz.htm (3791 words)

	[No title]
		Soyuz 10 was to be the first attempt to put a crew aboard Salyut 1 (4/24/71), but when a docking mechanism failed, the mission was aborted.
		Soyuz 14 was a mostly military mission, so details are scanty, but some science observations were made.
		Soyuz 18-1 was suppose to dock and man Salyut 4, but a booster failure occurred, and the mission was aborted before reaching orbit.
	ganymede.nmsu.edu /tharriso/class13.html (992 words)

	Salyut-3 (OPS-2) space station (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The 7KT version of the Soyuz was launched without crew on May 27, 1974 and announced as Cosmos-656.
		The crew of the Soyuz-14 spacecraft was composed of veteran cosmonaut Pavel Popovich and a rookie, Yuri Artukhin; it was launched toward the OPS-2 on July 3, 1974.
		Two decades later, the official history of RKK Energia reavealed that when the Soyuz-15 reached a distance of 300-meter from the station, the Igla ("Needle") rendezvous system, failed to switch to the final-approach mode and instead started implementing a sequence, which would be normally executed at a range of three kilometers from the station.
	www.russianspaceweb.com /almaz_ops2.html (1159 words)

	Soyuz-TMA 1 - 8 (7K-STMA, 11F732)
		The modified Soyuz TMA manned spacecraft has been developed on the basis of a Soyuz TM spacecraft in accordance with intergovernmental agreements between Russia and the USA and is an integral part of the International Space Station (ISS) Complex.
		The basic modifications of the Soyuz TM spacecraft are connected with implementation of requirements for enlargement of crew anthropometric parameter range up to the values acceptable for the American astronaut contingent, and with increase of crew protection level from shock loads by decreasing landing speeds and improving shock-absorption of its chairs.
		For implementation of the above requirements on the baseline Soyuz TM spacecraft the following basic modifications in layout, design and onboard systems of the descent module (DM) were made without increase of its dimensions:
	www.skyrocket.de /space/doc_sdat/soyuz-tma.htm (542 words)

	Encyclopedia: Soyuz 15 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Human spaceflight is space exploration with a human crew, and possibly passengers (in contrast to dog-manned space missions, which are remotely-controlled or robotic space probes).
		It was later claimed by Soviet authorities that no docking had been intended and that the flight had only been undertaken to devlop techniques for maneuvering near the space station.
		Soyuz 16 was a test flight in the project to achieve a joint Soviet-US space flight that resulted in the Apollo-Soyuz mission.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Soyuz-15 (563 words)

	1993 - Russia and Piloted Space Missions
		As Soyuz TM-16 approached to within 150m of the Mir space station on the morning of 26 January Manakov and Poleshchok disengaged the automatic rendezvous and docking system to assume manual control during the final few minutes.
		The Soyuz TM-15 post-mission review highlighted the achievements of the twelfth expedition which included four spacewalks (three for the installation of an attitude control unit on the Sofora girder) and experiments in a wide range of scientific disciplines.
		Lift-off occurred on schedule in the afternoon of 1 July, and a normal two-day rendezvous brought the Soyuz TM-17 spacecraft to the vicinity of the Mir complex on 3 July (References 143-147).
	www.fas.org /spp/guide/russia/piloted/1993.htm (3288 words)

	The Partnership - ch10-4
		First, to prevent undue stress from being placed on the Soyuz solar panels, the American agreed to use only two of the four roll jets to rotate the spacecraft during the docked phase of the flight.
		As agreed during the final meeting in Houston, to protect Soyuz from, the RCS plume, the forward-firing engines would be shut off within 2 seconds after docking system capture.
		The basic safety of the Apollo and Soyuz propulsion and control systems was documented in reports on each spacecraft, which provided a functional description of those systems and of how they operated.
	www.hq.nasa.gov /office/pao/History/SP-4209/ch10-4.htm (447 words)

	The flight of Soyuz-4 and Soyuz-5
		But after the flight of Soyuz 3 the "chief designer" (now known to be V.P Mishin) told reporters that the next mission would involve the docking of two Soyuz craft and that "we are already prepared for a new launch" (2).
		Soyuz-4 (spacecraft #12) was launched from launch complex 31 at Baikonur on Tuesday, 14 January 1969 at 0730 UT (11) with cosmonaut Vladimir Shatalov on board.
		The launch time of a Soyuz is 11-12 minutes after the virtual equator crossing, giving a launch time of 0730-0731 UT, in good agreement with the figure 0730 given by Nikolai Kamanin in his diaries.
	www.svengrahn.pp.se /trackind/soyuz45/soyuz45.html (2574 words)

	Soyuz program (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Soyuz human spaceflight program was initiated in the early 1960s as part of the Luna program that was intended to put a Soviet cosmonaut on the Moon.
		This objective was abandoned when technological problems meant that the US would reach the Moon first, and Soyuz then developed into a variety of projects (both military and civilian), mostly in conjunction with space stations.
		As of 2003, Soyuz derivatives provide Russia's human spaceflight capability and are used to ferry personnel and supplies to and from the International Space Station.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/soyuz_program (176 words)

	PAVEL POPOVICH (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Hij was ook geselecteerd als gezagvoerder voor ruimtevlucht Soyuz 2, maar na het ongeluk met Soyuz 1, dat het leven kostte van Vladimir Komarov, werd de Soyuz 2 zonder bemanning gelanceerd.
		Popovich werd pas voor de tweede keer gelanceerd op 3 juli 1974 aan boord van de Soyuz 14.
		Popovich was op deze vlucht gezagvoerder en keerde na een vlucht van bijna 16 dagen samen met boordwerktuigkundige Yuri Artyukhin terug op aarde.
	www.thumpershollow.com /encyclopedia/P/Pavel_Popovich (182 words)

	R-7 family of launchers and ICBMs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Soyuz, the most recognizable Russian rocket, is only one of several space boosters, which derived from the R-7 ballistic missile developed in the mid-1950s.
		On Wednesday, Oct. 16, Russian officials said the launch of the Soyuz TMA-1 spacecraft, which is to use the Soyuz FG rocket could be delayed, pending the investigation of the Plesetsk crash.
		On a foggy morning in October 2000, the Soyuz booster was being prepared for the launch of the first resident crew of the International Space Station, more than 43 years after the original version of the rocket flew.
	www.russianspaceweb.com /soyuz_lv.html (3924 words)

	Spacecraft - Soyuz
		Soyuz is the most-utilized manned spacecraft and is now into its third decade with a flight total comparable to the aggregate for Mercury, Gemini, Apollo and Shuttle.
		Soyuz has thus been transformed from a spacecraft with lunar pretensions to a dedicated space station ferry.
		Progress is derived from the manned Soyuz vehicle, but with the descent module replaced by a compartment for transporting up to 940 kg of propellants, other liquids and compressed gases for piping inot the station.
	www.braeunig.us /space/specs/soyuz.htm (1735 words)

	Soyuz 14
		The station was flown without this capsule, a Soyuz being used to shuttle them to the station and back to earth.
		On 4 July Soyuz 14 docked with the Salyut 3 space station after 15 revolutions of the earth.
		All objectives were successfully completed and the spacecraft was recovered at 12:21 GMT, landing within 2 km of the aim point 140 km SE of Dzkezkazgan.
	www.astronautix.com /flights/soyuz14.htm (477 words)

	Blazing Satellites: Guns in Space!
		Pavel Popovich, commander of the July 1974 Soyuz 14 flight to Salyut 3, is said to have indicated that the cannon was installed on Salyut 3 but "fortunately he was not forced to use it".
		A Salyut 5 crew member denies the existence of a cannon on that station, so perhaps the wisdom of outfitting a space station with a cannon was rethought, or maybe, the U.S. having had no manned spaceflight capability between 1975 and 1981, low Earth orbit was deemed insufficiently target-rich to justify such weaponry.
		The survival kit in the Soyuz spacecraft which ferries cosmonauts to and from the Mir space station is said to contain, among other things, a pistol and ammunition.
	www.fourmilab.ch /documents/spaceguns (618 words)

	[No title]
		Mir --- The Soyuz TM-17 spaceship was launched from Baykonur at 1432 UTC on Jul 1, carrying two Russian astronauts (the EO-14 long-stay Mir crew) and one French astronaut.
		Soyuz TM-17 has now docked with the Mir complex, probably replacing Progress M-17 at the rear Kvant port.
		The complex now has Soyuz TM-16 docked at the APAS-89 port on Kristall, Progress M-18 docked at the prime Mir port, and Soyuz TM-17 at the rear Kvant port.
	www.planet4589.org /space/jsr/back/news.160 (1076 words)

	OASI - Archived Astronomy News Items (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Soyuz 14 was the third of the modified Soyuz craft, so the Russians expressed relief that its mission had been a success.
		The fact that Russia used the Soyuz 14 craft for the mission to Salyut 3 probably indicates that the craft is cleared for operational use.
		Soyuz 15 appears to have had difficulty catching up with the Salyut 3 in orbit, and in fact only reached within 100 km of the space station.
	www.ast.cam.ac.uk /~ipswich/Miscellaneous/Archived_spaceflight_news.htm (16188 words)

	Encyclopedia: Soyuz 14 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Pavel Romanovich Popovich (Russian: Павел Романович Попович; born October 5, 1930 in Uzin) was a Cosmonaut who commanded two space flights, Vostok 4 and Soyuz 14.
		The Soyuz human spaceflight programme was initiated in the early 1960s as part of the manned lunar programme that was intended to put a Soviet cosmonaut on the Moon.
		U.S. Space Shuttle astronaut Bruce McCandless II using a manned maneuvering unit (MMU) outside the Challenger in 1984.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Soyuz-14 (581 words)

	Deceased Cosmonauts
		Eventually he was named backup for Soyuz 1 and expected to fly again in 1967 or 1968.
		The intention was to dock with the unmanned Soyuz 2.
		His major success was the Soyuz 16 flight, which was a dress rehearsal for the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project.
	members.aol.com /kss71/autogs/deceased.htm (624 words)

	Soyuz 13 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Kliper, a successor to the Soyuz spacecraft, will be able to...
		RSC-Energia and a special Russian Commission are investigating a slight pressure drop of the Soyuz TMA-6 spacecraft's atmosphere at the...
		Savinykh was part of three space missions -- Soyuz T-4, Soyuz T-13 and Soyuz TM-5.
	www.wikiverse.org /soyuz-13 (215 words)

	The Partnership - Appendix B
		Reentry vehicle similar to that of Soyuz reentry vehicle; Zond series identified by Soviets as fully capable of carrying a human crew around the moon.
		Systems test of Soyuz to determine if craft could remain inactive in orbit and then be reactivated.
		Observation of stars in the ultraviolet range using a special system of telescopes; survey of separate sections of earth's surface and acquisition of data; continuation of comprehensive verification of onboard systems; test of manual and automatic control and methods of autonomous navigation in various flight conditions.
	www.hq.nasa.gov /office/pao/History/SP-4209/appb.htm (3011 words)

	Encyclopedia: Soyuz TM-14 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		March 17 is the 76th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (77th in Leap years).
		Soyuz TM-30 This is a list of Mir visiting spacecrafts and crews.
		Soyuz TM-3 was the third Soviet expedition to the Mir space station.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Soyuz-TM_14 (1491 words)

	NASA - Russian Soyuz Spacecraft
		Since that time, at least one Soyuz has always been at the Station, generally to serve as a lifeboat should the crew have to return to Earth unexpectedly.
		After the Columbia accident in February 2003, the Soyuz TMA became the means of transportation for crewmembers going to or returning from the orbiting laboratory.
		The Soyuz spacecraft is launched to the Space Station from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan aboard a Soyuz rocket.
	www.nasa.gov /mission_pages/station/structure/elements/soyuz/index.html (317 words)

	Galaxy 14 launch campaign
		Galaxy 14 will be deployed in orbit today approximately 110 min.
		Once the problem was resolved, team members gave the go-ahead for a new final countdown, which continued without interruption to the launcher's liftoff.
		PanAmSat's Galaxy 14 is the second of three C-band geostationary communications satellites ordered from Orbital Sciences Corporation.
	www.starsem.com /news/g14_7.htm (290 words)

	Almaz space stations
		The Soyuz craft to be used for ferrying cosmonauts to the station was still undergoing parachute tests and the sattion had been launched so that it would be in the right position to received a crew about a month after launch (5).
		While the crew was preparing to launch to it a disaster occurred at some time between 0930 UT on 14 April and 0016 UT on 15 April, when the station was out of line-of-sight touch with Soviet ground stations.
		This could have been in anticipation of another Soyuz launch attempt, but it was probably done to keep the station from decaying and to permit further testst in the unmmaned mode.
	www.svengrahn.pp.se /histind/Almprog/almprog.htm (3767 words)

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