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	Soyuz
		The manned Soyuz spacecraft was originally conceived by Sergei Korolev in 1961 as a component of the “Soyuz complex” that also included unmanned booster modules and orbiting fuel tankers and was geared toward a manned mission to the Moon (see Russian manned lunar programs).
		Three-man missions involving a Soyuz modified by the removal of large fuel tank at the rear of the instrument module (not needed with the abandonment of the Moon plan) and the addition of a new docking system with a hatch to allow cosmonauts to transfer to a space station without a spacewalk.
		Soyuz 11 docked with the station normally but its crew was killed during reentry when a valve opened suddenly and allowed all the air in the descent module to escape.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/S/Soyuz.html (1255 words)

	Space Today Online - Soyuz transports cosmonauts and astronauts to the International Space Station
		Soyuz TMA-3 was launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome to the ISS on October 18, 2003, carrying the Expedition 8 crew – American astronaut and commander Michael Foale and Russian cosmonaut and flight engineer Alexander "Sasha" Kaleri – as well as ESA's Spanish astronaut Pedro Duque.
		Soyuz TMA-4 was launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome to the ISS on April 19, 2004, carrying the Expedition 9 crew to relieve the Expedition 8 crew.
		Soyuz TMA-5 was launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome to the ISS on October 14, 2004, carrying the Expedition 10 crew to relieve the Expedition 9 crew.
	www.spacetoday.org /SpcStns/SoyuzTransport.html (2112 words)

	Soyuz TMA-2 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Soyuz TMA-2 (Russian Союз ТМА-2, Union TMA-2) is a Russian spaceflight mission to the International Space Station, the second flight for the TMA modification of the Soyuz spacecraft, and the 6th Soyuz to fly to the ISS.
		Originally the Soyuz missions to the ISS were all planned to be only taxi mission to deliver a new Soyuz spacecraft as the station's lifeboat every six month with a visiting crew, but not for crew exchange.
		Until the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster the same was planned for Soyuz TMA-2, a visiting crew consisting of commander Gennady Padalka and ESA-astronaut Pedro Duque were to spend about one week at the station and then return with the previous Soyuz TMA-1 spacecraft.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Soyuz_TMA-2 (334 words)

	Soyuz 2 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Soyuz 2 was an unpiloted spacecraft in the Soyuz family intended to perform a docking manoeuvre with Soyuz 3.
		This mission was the subject of an artistic "reconstruction" by Joan Fontcuberta showing how the spacecraft was piloted by one Ivan Istochnikov and a dog named "Kloka", killed in the mission and subsequently erased from history by the Soviets to avoid the bad publicity.
		The name "Soyuz 2" also appears in other contexts, a) the second Soyuz flight to dock with the International Space Station b) as a proposed successor to the Soyuz launch vehicle, later renamed as Soyuz/ST.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Soyuz_2 (136 words)

	ESA - Launch vehicles - Soyuz
		The decision to develop the launch infrastructure to enable Soyuz to be launched from French Guiana is of mutual interest to both Europe and Russia.
		Soyuz is a medium-class launcher and its performance will complement perfectly that of the ESA launchers: Ariane and Vega.
		The Soyuz rocket is the workhorse of the Russian human spaceflight missions and has been used for that purpose longer than any other spacecraft.
	www.esa.int /SPECIALS/Launchers_Access_to_Space/SEMQ5P57ESD_0.html (424 words)

	introduction to soyuz
		The Soyuz launch vehicle family has provided reliable and efficient launch services since the birth of the space program.
		Soyuz traces its roots back to the two-stage R-7A intercontinental ballistic missile, which was the first in an evolutionary series of launch vehicles, beginning with the launch of Sputnik in 1957.
		The Soyuz is a reliable, efficient, and cost-effective solution for a full range of missions from LEO to Mars.
	www.starsem.com /soyuz/introduction.htm (623 words)

	Soyuz TMA-2 mission to the ISS
		The mission of the Soyuz TMA-2 spacecraft to the International Space Station in the spring of 2003, was intended to be a routine exchange of a rescue vehicle onboard the outpost.
		The Soyuz TMA-1 served as a "lifeboat" for the crew of the station since the fall of 2002 and safety rules required a replacement of the vehicle with a fresh craft after six months in orbit.
		The Soyuz TMA-2 spacecraft with a "tail" number 212 became the 6th Soyuz to fly to the ISS.
	www.russianspaceweb.com /iss_soyuztma2.html (1422 words)

	Soyuz spacecraft
		The longest serving manned spacecraft in the world, the Soyuz was originally conceived in Sergei Korolev's OKB-1 design bureau for the Soviet effort to explore the Moon at the beginning of the 1960s.
		However, long after the Moon race was over, the Soyuz continued ferrying Russian crews to the Salyut and Almaz orbital stations, as well as it performed several solo flights and the historic docking with the US Apollo spacecraft in 1975.
		The Soyuz T version of the spacecraft flew its first manned mission in 1980, and since 1986 the Soyuz TM modification of the spacecraft has been delivering crews to the Mir space station.
	www.russianspaceweb.com /soyuz.html (1035 words)

	Soyuz 3
		As for Soyuz, a 0+1 (docking of one unmanned spacecraft and a manned spacecraft with a single cosmonaut aboard) is planned for 25 October, to be followed by a 1+3 mission with a crew transfer by December at the earliest - possibly not until February-March of the following year.
		Soyuz 3 is launched on schedule and placed in orbit within 11 km of Soyuz 2.
		Soyuz 2 had two continuously illuminated lights on its upper side and two blinking lights on the lower side.
	www.astronautix.com /flights/soyuz3.htm (2139 words)

	ESA Portal - New Soyuz model successfully launched
		Soyuz launchers will be processed horizontally and erected on the pad some 18 hours before liftoff.
		The Soyuz launcher, an offspring of the R-7 ballistic missile, is the most used and the most reliable launcher in the world, with some 1700 launches of satellites or manned flights since the first Sputnik was put into orbit in 1957 and since the first man, Yuri Gagarin, was sent into space in 1961.
		From Kourou, Soyuz launchers will be able to launch up to 2.5 tonnes to geostationary transfer orbit (GTO), thus complementing the launcher family formed by Ariane 5, which provides heavy lift capacity of up to 10 tonnes to GTO, and Vega, for light launches to low Earth orbits.
	www.esa.int /esaCP/SEMTE91A90E_index_3.html (310 words)

	soyuz launch vehicle
		The upper stage consists of 6 spherical tanks (4 for propellant, 2 for avionics) arrayed in a circle, with trusses passing through the tanks to provide structural support.
		For the lower three stages of the Soyuz, launch vehicle tracking and telemetry is provided through systems in the central core and third stages.
		The current Soyuz flies the S-type fairing, with external diameter of 3.715-m and a length of 7.700-m.
	www.starsem.com /soyuz/soyuz.htm (748 words)

	New Soyuz model successfully launched
		This will be made possible through the "Soyuz at CSG" ESA programme, which encompasses the development of a Soyuz launch complex on the territory of Sinnamary and participation in the Soyuz 2-1b development.
		The versatile and flexible medium-class Soyuz ST launch vehicle, together with the heavy-lift Ariane 5 and the Vega small launcher will provide Arianespace with a family of launchers enabling it to cost-effectively perform the full spectrum of commercial and institutional missions from French Guiana.
		The inaugural flight of a Soyuz ST from French Guiana is scheduled for 2007.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2004-11/esa-nsm111004.php (283 words)

	Soyuz-2 launch vehicle (14A14) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		With the disintegration of the USSR in 1991, developers of the Soyuz rocket, along with the rest of the nation's space industry, looked to consolidate its subcontractor network inside the Russian Federation.
		Before the rocket could be "man-rated," it was considered as a carrier of the enlarged version of the Progress M1 cargo ships equipped with the assembly and protective block SZB (11S517A2), with the total mass of 8,350 kilograms and maximum diameter of 3,000 millimeters.
		The four-chamber RD-0110 engine, which was used for several decades on the third stage of the Soyuz family of launchers became the focus of upgrades needed to build the Soyuz-2 launcher.
	www.russianspaceweb.com /soyuz2.html (1047 words)

	Soyuz 11A511U2
		Soyuz T-15 undocked Salyut 7 on 25 June, and redocked with Mir on 26 June, delivering 400 kg of scientific material from Salyut 7, including a multichannel spectrometer.
		The satellite was based on the Soyuz manned spacecraft and had an extremely long gestation - conceived in 1965, authorised in 1976, scheduled originally for launch in 1984, but further severe technical delays resulted in a 1990 launch.
		Soyuz TM-19 docked at the rear port of the Kvant module (vacated by Progress M-23 on July 2) at 13:55:01 GMT on July 3.
	www.astronautix.com /lvs/soy511u2.htm (4379 words)

	Soyuz 1
		The Soyuz 2 launch would have to be cancelled, and all efforts had to concentrate on the successful landing of Soyuz 1.
		There were three orientation systems on the Soyuz: the astro-inertial system (which was blocked by the unfolded left solar panel), the ion system (which was unreliable due to ion holes), and the manual system using the Vzor device.
		The drop of the Soyuz 1 mock-up at Fedosiya was cancelled due to the great likelihood of loss of the spacecraft and the low likelihood of obtaining any new data as a result.
	www.astronautix.com /flights/soyuz1.htm (4324 words)

	Spacecraft - Soyuz
		Soyuz is the most-utilized manned spacecraft and is now into its third decade with a flight total comparable to the aggregate for Mercury, Gemini, Apollo and Shuttle.
		Soyuz has thus been transformed from a spacecraft with lunar pretensions to a dedicated space station ferry.
		Progress is derived from the manned Soyuz vehicle, but with the descent module replaced by a compartment for transporting up to 940 kg of propellants, other liquids and compressed gases for piping inot the station.
	www.braeunig.us /space/specs/soyuz.htm (1735 words)

	Soyuz - Summary
		The Russian Soyuz launch vehicle evolved out of the original Class A ("Sputnik") ICBM designed by Sergei Korolev and his OKB-1 design bureau (now RSC Energia).
		Work is underway to develop the Soyuz 2 and Soyuz Fregat - upgraded versions of the current Soyuz and Molniya vehicles.
		It is not known when the Soyuz 2 and Soyuz Fregat vehicles will enter service.
	www.spaceandtech.com /spacedata/elvs/soyuz_sum.shtml (159 words)

	Soyuz
		The Soyuz 2 crew were given the order to rendezvous with Soyuz 1 and to try during the planned EVA to unfold the undeployed solar panel.
		After the landing of Soyuz 6 there are two further attempts to dock Soyuz 7 and Soyuz 8, but they fail due to large errors in the ballistic calculations of the manoeuvres necessary to correct their orbits.
		Soyuz 7 is to land on orbit 97, beginning a 95 m/s retrofire impulse at 11:44:11.
	www.astronautix.com /project/soyuz.htm (16057 words)

	spacetoday.net: Soyuz 2 inaugural launch delayed
		The first launch of the upgraded Soyuz 2 rocket has been delayed because of a software glitch, Russian media reported Thursday.
		The Soyuz 2 rocket was scheduled to lift off from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome in northern Russia Friday, but Russian defense ministry officials said Thursday morning that a software problem with the vehicle had delayed the launch.
		The Soyuz 2 is an upgraded version of the storied Soyuz booster, featuring an increased payload capacity and a larger payload fairing.
	www.spacetoday.net /Summary/2615 (184 words)

	Soyuz U/Fregat - General Information
		The Soyuz 2 was planned to be introduced in 1996/97 but, due to funding shortage, its development and that of the Fregat stage were delayed well beyond the initial schedule.
		The second flight, on March 20, 2000, was a rehearsal of a standard Cluster 2 launch with a dummy mass.
		The launch of the two pairs of Cluster 2 satellites was successfully conducted ion July 16 and August 9, 2000.
	www.orbireport.com /Launchers/Soyuz_U-Fregat (333 words)

	Your Daily Briefing Of Satellite
		According to Arianespace, an inaugural flight of the improved vehicle is planned in 2007 from a new launch pad that currently is under construction at the Spaceport in French Guiana.
		The announcement was made after Soyuz 2-1a version lifted off successfully from Russia's Plesetsk Cosmodrome on November 8, and carried a test payload.
		This will be made possible through the “Soyuz at CSG” ESA program, which encompasses the development of a Soyuz launch complex on the territory of Sinnamary and participation in the Soyuz 2-1b development.
	www.satnews.com /stories11/802.htm (313 words)

	ipedia.com: Soyuz program Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Soyuz spacecraft and the Soyuz launch vehicle are both part of this program.
		This objective was abandoned when technological problems meant that the US would reach the Moon first, and Soyuz then developed into a variety of projects (both military and civilian), mostly in conjunction with space stations.
		As of 2003, Soyuz derivatives provide Russia's human spaceflight capability and are used to ferry personnel and supplies to and from the International Space Station.
	www.ipedia.com /soyuz_program.html (174 words)

	Success of the Soyuz 2-1a maiden flight \| SpaceRef - Your Space Reference
		The inaugural flight of a Soyuz 2-1a launch vehicle was performed Monday, November 8, 2004 from the Plessetsk Cosmodrome in Russia at 9:30 p.m.
		This was the eighth Soyuz family mission in 2004, marking a major step in the launch vehicle evolution program.
		With the introduction of the Soyuz at CSG, this famed Russian launch vehicle becomes an integral part of the European launcher fleet, together with the heavy-lift Ariane 5 and the lightweight Vega.
	www.spaceref.com /news/viewpr.html?pid=15465 (425 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Breaking News \| Modernized version of Soyuz rocket launched
		A red alarm triggers Friday morning's countdown to launch of Boeing's Delta 2 rocket carrying a GPS satellite to be scrubbed at Cape Canaveral, Florida.
		The Soyuz 2-1a configuration flown today featured a digital control system that enhances the guidance during ascent to reach more precise orbits and that will allow the vehicle to fly with a larger four-meter diameter nose cone payload fairing.
		The Soyuz 2-1b rocket is slated for its inaugural launch in mid-2006 featuring a more powerful third stage engine package to improve the vehicle's performance and increase the cargo-lifting capacity.
	spaceflightnow.com /news/n0411/08soyuz2 (464 words)

	NASA - Russian Soyuz Spacecraft
		Since that time, at least one Soyuz has always been at the Station, generally to serve as a lifeboat should the crew have to return to Earth unexpectedly.
		After the Columbia accident in February 2003, the Soyuz TMA became the means of transportation for crewmembers going to or returning from the orbiting laboratory.
		The Soyuz spacecraft is launched to the Space Station from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan aboard a Soyuz rocket.
	www.nasa.gov /mission_pages/station/structure/elements/soyuz/index.html (317 words)

	Soyuz 2 -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Soyuz 2 -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article
		Soyuz 2 was an unpiloted (A craft capable of traveling in outer space; technically, a satellite around the sun) spacecraft in the (Click link for more info and facts about Soyuz) Soyuz family intended to perform a docking manoeuvre with (Click link for more info and facts about Soyuz 3) Soyuz 3.
		Previous Soyuz Mission: (Click link for more info and facts about Soyuz 1) Soyuz 1, Next Soyuz Mission: (Click link for more info and facts about Soyuz 3) Soyuz 3
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/so/soyuz_2.htm (181 words)

	ABC News 4 Charleston - Search Results by Google (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The history of the Soyuz spacecraft by Anatoly Zak.
		Soyuz spacecraft of the Apollo Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) · Enlarge...
		Work is underway to develop the Soyuz 2 and Soyuz Fregat - upgraded versions...
	www.abcnews4.com /internetsearch.hrb?k=soyuz (240 words)

	Information for Reporters Covering Soyuz 2 Taxi Mission \| SpaceRef - Your Space Reference
		A Russian Soyuz 2 spacecraft is scheduled to lift off from Baikonur, Kazakhstan, April 28, at 3:37 a.m.
		However, due to the commercial nature of this mission, NASA's coverage of the Soyuz 2 crew's activities will be limited to normal operational activities onboard the station.
		Reporters wishing to arrange in-flight interviews with the Soyuz 2 crew or to obtain video of their activities should contact the Russian Mission Control Center Press Center, Korolev, Russia, at 7 095 516-5174.
	www.spaceref.com /news/viewpr.html?pid=4670 (393 words)

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