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Topic: Soyuz-U

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Soyuz spacecraft The Soyuz TM spacecraft photographed by the Shuttle crew at the docking port of the Mir space station. The Soyuz T version of the spacecraft flew its first manned mission in 1980, and since 1986 the Soyuz TM modification of the spacecraft has been delivering crews to the Mir space station. However, long after the Moon race was over, the Soyuz continued ferrying Russian crews to the Salyut and Almaz orbital stations, as well as it performed several solo flights and the historic docking with the US Apollo spacecraft in 1975. www.russianspaceweb.com /soyuz.html

Soyuz 1 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Soyuz 1 (RussianСоюз 1, Union 1) was part of the Soviet Union's space program and was launched into orbit on April 23, 1967, carrying a single cosmonaut, Colonel Vladimir Mikhailovich Komarov, who was killed when the spacecraft crashed after its return to Earth. Soyuz 1 problems delayed the launch of Soyuz 2 and Soyuz 3 until October 25, 1968. The crew on the second Soyuz prepared to fix the solar panel of Soyuz 1, but heavy rain at Baikonur made the launch impossible. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Soyuz_1

Space Adventures — Soyuz-TMA Spacecraft < Vehicles < Background Information The Soyuz TMA spacecraft is designed to serve as the International Space Station's crew return vehicle, acting as a lifeboat in the unlikely event an emergency would require the crew to leave the station. The Soyuz TMA spacecraft is a replacement for the Soyuz TM, which was used from May 1986 to November 2002 to take astronauts and cosmonauts to Mir and then to the International Space Station beginning in November 2000. The Soyuz TMA spacecraft is composed of three elements attached end-to-end — the Orbital Module, the Descent Module and the Instrumentation/Propulsion Module. www.spaceadventures.com /media/info/vehicles/soyuztma

Soyuz 11A511U Soyuz TM-31, with Shepherd, Gidzenko and Krikalyov aboard, undocked from the -Y port on Zvezda on February 24, 2001 at 1006 GMT and redocked with the -Z port on Zarya at 1037 GMT. After the departure of the Progress, Soyuz TM-31 undocked from the Zarya nadir port April 18 2001 at 1240 GMT and redocked with the Zvezda aft port at 1301 GMT, leaving clearance for the Raffaello MPLM module to be berthed at the Unity nadir during the STS-100 mission. Soyuz TM-34 docked with the nadir port on the Zarya module at 0755 UTC on April 27. www.astronautix.com /lvs/soya511u.htm

Soyuz TMA Soyuz TMA-4 docked with the nadir port on Zarya at 05:01 GMT on April 21 and the hatches to the ISS were opened at 06:30 GMT. Soyuz TMA-4 was ISS transport mission ISS 8S and delivered the EO-9 caretaker crew of Gennadiy Padalka and Michael Fincke, together with the ESA/Netherlands Delta mission crewmember Andre Kuipers, to the Space Station. Soyuz TMA-2 would be instead flown by a two-man skeleton crew (Malenchenko and Lu) to keep the station alive until shuttle flights could resume. www.astronautix.com /craft/soyuztma.htm

Space Today Online - Soyuz transports cosmonauts and astronauts to the International Space Station Soyuz TMA-5 was launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome to the ISS on October 14, 2004, carrying the Expedition 10 crew to relieve the Expedition 9 crew. Soyuz TMA-4 was launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome to the ISS on April 19, 2004, carrying the Expedition 9 crew to relieve the Expedition 8 crew. Soyuz TMA-3 was launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome to the ISS on October 18, 2003, carrying the Expedition 8 crew – American astronaut and commander Michael Foale and Russian cosmonaut and flight engineer Alexander "Sasha" Kaleri – as well as ESA's Spanish astronaut Pedro Duque. www.spacetoday.org /SpcStns/SoyuzTransport.html

ESA Portal - New Soyuz model successfully launched The Soyuz launcher, an offspring of the R-7 ballistic missile, is the most used and the most reliable launcher in the world, with some 1700 launches of satellites or manned flights since the first Sputnik was put into orbit in 1957 and since the first man, Yuri Gagarin, was sent into space in 1961. From Kourou, Soyuz launchers will be able to launch up to 2.5 tonnes to geostationary transfer orbit (GTO), thus complementing the launcher family formed by Ariane 5, which provides heavy lift capacity of up to 10 tonnes to GTO, and Vega, for light launches to low Earth orbits. Soyuz launchers will be processed horizontally and erected on the pad some 18 hours before liftoff. www.esa.int /esaCP/SEMTE91A90E_index_3.html

Soyuz-TMA 1 - 8 (7K-STMA, 11F732) The basic modifications of the Soyuz TM spacecraft are connected with implementation of requirements for enlargement of crew anthropometric parameter range up to the values acceptable for the American astronaut contingent, and with increase of crew protection level from shock loads by decreasing landing speeds and improving shock-absorption of its chairs. The modified Soyuz TMA manned spacecraft has been developed on the basis of a Soyuz TM spacecraft in accordance with intergovernmental agreements between Russia and the USA and is an integral part of the International Space Station (ISS) Complex. For implementation of the above requirements on the baseline Soyuz TM spacecraft the following basic modifications in layout, design and onboard systems of the descent module (DM) were made without increase of its dimensions: www.skyrocket.de /space/doc_sdat/soyuz-tma.htm

introduction to soyuz Soyuz traces its roots back to the two-stage R-7A intercontinental ballistic missile, which was the first in an evolutionary series of launch vehicles, beginning with the launch of Sputnik in 1957. The Soyuz is a reliable, efficient, and cost-effective solution for a full range of missions from LEO to Mars. The Soyuz launch vehicle family has provided reliable and efficient launch services since the birth of the space program. www.starsem.com /soyuz/introduction.htm

Definition of Soyuz 18a Soyuz 18 was a Soyuz spacecraft launched by the Soviet Union but which failed to achieve orbit due to a serious malfunction during launch. The Soyuz 18 mission was supposed to be the second mission to take cosmonauts to the Soviet Salyut 4 space station. Both cosmonauts were on their second mission; they had flown their first mission together, Soyuz 12 in September 1973 to test a new type of Soyuz spacecraft. www.wordiq.com /definition/Soyuz_18a

Soyuz TMA-1 mission to the ISS The Soyuz TMA-1 spacecraft is expected to dock to the Pirs Docking Compartment of the ISS on Friday, November 1 around 8:00 Moscow Time. Since at least one Soyuz has to be docked to the International Space Station constantly to provide emergency escape for the three-person resident crew, Russia committed to fly a fresh Soyuz to the ISS every six months to replace its predecessor. It was scheduled to replace the Soyuz TM-34, which arrived to the station in April 2002. www.russianspaceweb.com /iss_soyuztma1.html

History - The Flight of Apollo-Soyuz Soyuz Launch: Soyuz 19, carrying cosmonauts Aleksey A. Leonov and Valery N. Kubasov, was launched into sunny skies from Baykonur Cosmodrome at 5:20 pm local time (8:20 am EDT) July 15, 1975. Soyuz 19 landed about 11 km from the target point northeast of Baykonur Cosmodrome at 6:51 am EDT July 21, after a 142-hr 31-min mission. Its purpose was to enable a docking between the dissimilar Soyuz spacecraft and the U.S. Apollo. www.hq.nasa.gov /office/pao/History/apollo/apsoyhist.html

New Soyuz model successfully launched This will be made possible through the "Soyuz at CSG" ESA programme, which encompasses the development of a Soyuz launch complex on the territory of Sinnamary and participation in the Soyuz 2-1b development. The versatile and flexible medium-class Soyuz ST launch vehicle, together with the heavy-lift Ariane 5 and the Vega small launcher will provide Arianespace with a family of launchers enabling it to cost-effectively perform the full spectrum of commercial and institutional missions from French Guiana. The inaugural flight of a Soyuz ST from French Guiana is scheduled for 2007. www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2004-11/esa-nsm111004.php

Soyuz 11 The Salyut station is much more comfortable than the Soyuz, but the mission has revealed it needs many improvements, including: a unit for ejecting liquids from the station; solar panels, and scientific instruments, that can be automatically pointed at the sun or their target and stabilised; an improved control section; better crew rest provisions. The Soyuz 11 crew is buried in the Kremlin Wall in a State Funeral at Red Square. Soyuz 11 is on the launch pad, and which crew will fly is still being argued. www.astronautix.com /flights/soyuz11.htm

Space Station User's Guide SpaceRef The Soyuz TM spacecraft are launched to the orbital inclination of the Mir space station which is 51.6 degrees. All Soyuz missions have been launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan which is at a latitude of 45.6 degrees North. The launch vehicle, also known as Soyuz, is a derivative of the launch vehicle family that launched every piloted Soviet or Russian mission and many other satellites going back to the original Sputnik. www.spaceref.com /iss/spacecraft/soyuz.tm.html

Baikonur Cosmodrome (NIIP-5/GIK-5) Soyuz facilities: This magnificent view from a hill top in Baikonur in the early hours of April 26, 2001, as sun was rising in the east, right behind Site 1, better known as Gagarin's pad. The Soyuz rocket processing facilities could be seen to the south and the Energia-Buran launch complex lay to the northwest. Soyuz TM-32 rollout video from the assembly building to the launch pad. www.russianspaceweb.com /baikonur.html

Soyuz-U The Soyuz is composed of four boosters (the first stage), a central core (the second stage) and an upper portion consisting of the third stage, the payload adapter and the fairing. The Soyuz, which is qualified for both unmanned and manned missions, has been used for launching every Soviet/Russian manned capsule since 1964. The Foton satellite is placed into orbit by a Soyuz-U, a sub-type of the Soyuz launcher which rates as the world’s most frequently used, most versatile and most reliable launch vehicle. www.estec.esa.nl /spaceflight/foton/fsoyuzu.htm

soyuz launch vehicle The current Soyuz flies the S-type fairing, with external diameter of 3.715-m and a length of 7.700-m. For the lower three stages of the Soyuz, launch vehicle tracking and telemetry is provided through systems in the central core and third stages. The Soyuz currently offered by Starsem is a four-stage launch vehicle. www.starsem.com /soyuz/soyuz.htm

Soyuz 4 Soyuz 4 and 5 achieved the manned docking mission that was to have been accomplished by the third and fourth Soyuz spacecraft. Soyuz 4 landed at 06:51 GMT 48 km south-west of Karaganda, 40 km from the planned point, with the crew of Khrunov, Shatalov and Yeliseyev aboard. Soyuz spacecraft 12 and 13 have begun their 45 day preparation cycle at Baikonur, which implies a 15 January 1969 launch for he Soyuz 4/5 mission. www.astronautix.com /flights/soyuz4.htm

S.P. KOROLEV ROCKET & SPACE CORPORATION ENERGIA A meeting of the State Board was held at which the Soyuz TMA-7 and ISS-12 prime and backup crews were approved, as well as a decision was made to continue the Soyuz-FG/Soyuz TMA-7 rocket and space complex processing for filling and launch within the scheduled time — on October 1, 2005, at 7:54 a.m. The Soyuz TMA-7 prime and backup crews inspected the transport spacecraft in its launch configuration in the Assembly and Testing Facility. The objective of the launch is to deliver to ISS the crew of Expedition Twelve (ISS-12), and the scheduled rotation of the Expedition Eleven (ISS-11) crew and Soyuz TMA-6 spacecraft which had been attached to the space station as a crew rescue vehicle since April 17, 2005. www.energia.ru /english/index.html

soyuz - free vj software from vj sputnik SoYUz is the VJ's best friend for mixing his pre-made video content on the live set. SoYUz is a "video jockey" mixer for real time video manipulations in a 3D environment. Like a DJ turntable, the VJ software mix and layer 2 (or more) different sources of video to create the "Third Image" a new image that is existing only in that point of time. www.vjsputnik.com /soyuz.html

Soyuz 1 The Soyuz 2 launch would have to be cancelled, and all efforts had to concentrate on the successful landing of Soyuz 1. The drop of the Soyuz 1 mock-up at Fedosiya was cancelled due to the great likelihood of loss of the spacecraft and the low likelihood of obtaining any new data as a result. There were three orientation systems on the Soyuz: the astro-inertial system (which was blocked by the unfolded left solar panel), the ion system (which was unreliable due to ion holes), and the manual system using the Vzor device. www.astronautix.com /flights/soyuz1.htm

[No title] The Soyuz launch vehicle was derived from the R-7 Intercontinental Ballistic Missile of the 1950's. The Soyuz rocket has been used for launching various payloads since the 1960's. There are proposals to launch the Soyuz from Kourou, south America. members.lycos.co.uk /spaceprojects/soyuz_launch_vehicle.html

Soyuz - Summary The Russian Soyuz launch vehicle evolved out of the original Class A ("Sputnik") ICBM designed by Sergei Korolev and his OKB-1 design bureau (now RSC Energia). From the early 1960's until today, the Soyuz launch vehicle has been the backbone of Russia's manned and un-manned space launch fleet. Work is underway to develop the Soyuz 2 and Soyuz Fregat - upgraded versions of the current Soyuz and Molniya vehicles. www.spaceandtech.com /spacedata/elvs/soyuz_sum.shtml

ESA - Odissea Mission - ESA's Belgian astronaut on way to Space Station in new Soyuz spacecraft Soyuz Flight Engineer De Winne, the first Belgian astronaut to visit the Space Station and the first non-Russian ever to fly on the first flight of a new Russian vehicle, is the fourth European astronaut to visit the Station. ESA astronaut Frank De Winne, a former Belgian Air Force pilot, and his fellow crew members, Soyuz Mission Commander Sergei Zaletin and Soyuz Flight Engineer Yuri Lonchakov, are due to dock with the Space Station in two days’ time on Friday, 1 November at 06:00 CET (05:00 UT). The hatch between the Soyuz spacecraft and the Space Station will be opened at 07:30 CET (06:30 UT). www.esa.int /export/esaMI/Odissea_Mission_ENGLISH/ESAYUF8OS7D_0.html

ESA - Cervantes Mission - The Russian Soyuz spacecraft The Soyuz programme is the longest operational manned spacecraft programme in the history of space exploration. The Soyuz TMA-3 will be docked to the ISS for use as a lifeboat vehicle for the permanent crew. Neither the Soyuz rockets nor the Soyuz vehicles are reusable. www.esa.int /export/SPECIALS/Cervantes_mission/SEMGP01P4HD_0.html

Russian Rockets Soyuz was first launched in 1963, and is a two stage rocket that can deliver a payload of over 15,000 pounds into Low-Earth Orbit at a 51.6 degree inclination. The Soyuz rocket is also used to deploy low-altitude reconnaissance satellites. The vehicles in this class are the Vostok, Soyuz and Molniya launchers. liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov /rsa/rockets.html

Spaceflight Now | Breaking News | Soyuz docks to station The station's Russian-made Soyuz escape lifeboat, to be used by the outpost's crew to evacuate in the event of a problem for safe return to Earth, has a six-month service life in space. The Soyuz TM-34 spacecraft was docked to the Earth-facing port of the Russian Zarya module. The "taxi crew" will spend a week aboard the station before undocking in the old Soyuz TM-33 craft from the Pirs module around 2305 GMT (7:05 p.m. www.spaceflightnow.com /station/soyuz4s/020427dock

An analysis of the Soyuz 1 flight Suppose that the spacecraft -Y axis (see article about the Soyuz attitude control system) was pointing roughly in the nadir direction, then the average power received by the single solar panel can be estimated using the knowledge that the sun was roughly in the orbital plane. The alignment of the Soyuz may have been made on rev 16, since ref (7) says that Komarov would align the spacecraft in sunlight, then check the attitude again after an eclipse period. The method chosen was to use manual control to align the spacecraft so that the -Y axis (see article about the Soyuz attitude control system) pointed to nadir and so that +X axis pointed in the direction of flight. www.svengrahn.pp.se /histind/Soyuz1Land/Soyanaly.htm

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