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| | SPACE EXPLORATION, |
 | | In a large sense, space exploration, or astronautics, is interdisciplinary in that it draws upon the findings of such fields as physics, astronomy, mathematics, chemistry, biology, medicine, electronics, and meteorology. |
 | | The space age and practical astronautics commenced with the launching of Sputnik 1 by the Soviet Union in October 1957 and of Explorer 1 by the U.S. in January 1958. |
 | | During the centuries when space travel was only a fantasy, researchers in the sciences of astronomy, chemistry, mathematics, meteorology, and physics developed an understanding of the solar system, the stellar universe, the atmosphere of the earth, and the probable environment in space. |
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