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Topic: Space Preservation Treaty

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	Let's Weaponize Space
		As many of the treaty activists are generally anti-space and anti-technology (Rep. Kucinich, though supportive of the NASA center in his district, is the Congressional leader of opposition to biotechnology), such an outcome is probably generally desired by treaty supporters.
		United Societies in Space, Inc. (USIS) is an organization advocating the establishment of a "space metanation" under UN auspices, with their organization serving as the foundation of such a government.
		Yet one of the leaders of the treaty movement, Carol Rosin of the Institute for Cooperation in Space, is a member of the USIS Board of Directors, and co-author of an article in the current issue of the group's journal (Space Governance, v.7/8, 2001/2002, pp.
	www.spacedaily.com /news/oped-03d.html (1572 words)

	Space Preservation Treaty - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Space Preservation Treaty (SPT) is a proposed international treaty to ban space weapons.
		Its companion, the Space Preservation Act, was introduced for the second time to the United States House of Representatives by Congressman Dennis Kucinich on December 8, 2003.
		The Institute for Cooperation in Space, co-founded by Dr. Carol Rosin and Mr.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Space_Preservation_Treaty (214 words)

	Anonymous Weapons In Space Dialogue (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This prohibits the introduction of all operational weapons in space, and the escalation of war on Earth from space and in space.
		This large group of "space hawks" (government and private sector) believe that by weaponizing space they can affect and control the decision making cycle of any adversary in every conceivable manner to achieve their war fighting objectives (from global vigilance, to global reach, to global strike with power projection in, from and through space).
		Treaties which have been signed cannot be incorporated into domestic law unless they are unanimously approved by a national governing body.
	www.geocities.com /alienaxioms/space.html (14664 words)

	Bulletin 20 - Space Preservation Treaty
		Article IV Each State Party to this Treaty agrees to the establishment, funding, equipping and deployment of an outer space peace-keeping agency, whose mission is to monitor outer space and enforce the permanent ban of space-based weapons under this Treaty.
		The conference shall review the operation of the Treaty with a view to ensuring that its purposes and provisions are being realized, and shall in particular examine the effectiveness of the provisions of articles I and II in eliminating the dangers of an arms race in space, and of space-based weapons.
		Article XI This Treaty, of which the English, Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian, and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall send certified copies thereof to the Governments of the signatory and acceding States.
	www.inesap.org /bulletin20/bul20art16.htm (1445 words)

	Canada Recognizes need for an International Space Treaty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Whereas a sustainable space factory, hotel, or hospital, etc., for example, is a capital good that in turn multiplies the investment put into it by producing new jobs and training programs, new goods and services, new clean and safe technology, for the growing and stimulated space and terrestrial economy and marketplace.
		The Space Preservation Treaty establishes the vitally important international Outer Space Peacekeeping Agency to monitor outer space and to enforce (based on conflict resolution type techniques) the permanent ban of ALL space-based weapons as soon as the first twenty countries sign and ratify it.
		The Space Preservation Treaty allows continued RandD and exploration of civil, commercial and defense related activities that are not related to space-based weapons.
	nuclearfree.lynx.co.nz /canadatreaty.htm (5183 words)

	An Open Letter to Vladimir Putin - Why? by F.H. Knelman, Ph.D., May 2002
		The Space Preservation Treaty is an international companion to legislation introduced by Kucinich in the U.S. House of Representatives, H.R. 3616, the Space Preservation Act of 2002, in January, 2002.
		Both the Treaty and the bill ban all space-based weapons and the use of weapons designed to destroy any object in space that is in orbit.
		It requires that an outer space peacekeeping agency be established to monitor and enforce the ban.
	www.wagingpeace.org /articles/2002/05/00_knelman_putin-letter.htm (1202 words)

	Bulletin 20 - Space Preservation Treaty: A Comment
		However the draft Space Preservation Treaty departs in several ways from the norms developed in the Conference on Disarmament and elsewhere in the last fifty years.
		Some treaties of near universal adherence, in force for a long period, are considered to be "customary international law" but this has little meaning in practice.
		The military use of space is important to many states for reconnaissance, communications, and navigation, often using civilian satellites.
	www.inesap.org /bulletin20/bul20art18.htm (967 words)

	Keep space for peace - Yorkshire CND
		Space is already used for a vast array of military purposes.
		Certain states are developing or researching space weapons or have ambitions to do so, either to attack satellites or to fight in or from space.
		Space Weapons threaten to provoke a space arms race, nuclear proliferation on Earth and space-based war.
	cndyorks.gn.apc.org /yspace/issues.htm (515 words)

	CANADA SPACE PRESERVATION ACT
		“space” means all space extending upward from an altitude greater than 110 kilometers above the surface of the earth and any celestial body in such space.
		(7) Demilitarization of Space: All spacecraft, space technology, space platforms, objects in space, the moon, the planets, and other celestial bodies shall be used exclusively for non-weapons, peaceful purposes, and may not be used for war-making or war-planning.
		Department of for Outer Space is responsible for regulation and administration of legal standards in outer space, and for enforcement of the Space Preservaiton Treaty using advanced non-violent conflict resolution, Peace-keeping techniques.
	www.ecologynews.com /SpacePreservationAct.html (716 words)

	Outer Space Treaty - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Outer Space Treaty (the Treaty), was opened for signature in the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union (the three depository governments) on January 27, 1967, and the Treaty entered into force on October 10, 1967.
		II of the Treaty states, in fact, that “[o]uter space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, is not subject to national appropriation by claim of sovereignty, by means of use or occupation, or by any other means.”.
		Experts of international space law state that the Moon falls under the legal concept of res communis, which means that it belongs to a group of persons, and may be used by every member of the group, but cannot be appropriated by anyone (the concept is also applied to International Waters).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Outer_Space_Treaty (499 words)

	Global Network - Draft World Treaty Banning Space-Based Weapons
		Article IV Each State Party to this Treaty agrees to the establishment, funding, equipping and deployment of an outer space peacekeeping agency, whose mission is to monitor outer space and enforce the permanent ban of space-based weapons under this Treaty.
		Each State Party to this Treaty agrees to the establishment, funding, equipping and deployment of a United Nations outer space peacekeeping agency, whose mission is to monitor outer space and enforce the permanent ban of space-based weapons under this Treaty.
		Treaty, upon the deposit with the Depositary of instruments of acceptance by a majority of States Parties.
	www.space4peace.org /articles/world_treaty.htm (3006 words)

	SPACE PRESERVATION TREATY CONFERENCE
		I request that you direct the Government of Canada to convene a Space Preservation Treaty-signing Conference to ban all space-based weapons (and the use of weapons to destroy or damage objects that are in orbit).
		The Space Preservation Treaty Conference is vitally important to the process of facilitating the signing of this Treaty by world leaders and to support this important Space Preservation Act in the U.S. Congress.
		This milestone Treaty Conference will be the most meaningful, cost-effective legacy for the children of Canada and the world that the Government of Canada could undertake — as it will preserve outer space as a space-based weapons-free zone - for the benefit of all human kind.
	www.vcn.bc.ca /wfcvb/spct2.html (552 words)

	Yorkshire CND - Canada could prevent weaponization of space - 30/4/01
		The act requires the U.S. to implement an international treaty that will ban all space-based weapons and the use of weapons to destroy or damage objects in space that are in orbit to preserve the co-operative, peaceful uses of space for the benefit of all humankind.
		The treaty allows for space exploration, research, development, testing, manufacturing, production and deployment of civil, commercial and defence activities in space that are not related to space-based weapons.
		Once 20 nations have signed and ratified the Space Preservation Treaty, it will go into force; the outer space peacekeeping agency will be funded and empowered to monitor and enforce the ban on space-based weapons.
	www.cndyorks.gn.apc.org /yspace/articles/canada4.htm (935 words)

	ICIS - World Space Preservation Treaty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Each State Party to this Treaty undertakes not to base in space any object carrying nuclear weapons or any other kinds of weapons, including weapons of mass destruction, install such space-based objects or weapons on celestial bodies, or station such weapons in outer space in any other manner.
		Each State Party to this Treaty agrees to the establishment, funding, equipping and deployment of an outer space peacekeeping agency, whose mission is to monitor outer space and enforce the permanent ban of space-based weapons under this Treaty.
		The terms "space" and "outer space" mean all space extending upward from an altitude greater that 110 kilometers above sea level.
	www.peaceinspace.com /sp_treaty.shtml (1422 words)

	CANADA COULD PREVENT THE WEAPONIZATION OF SPACE : Indybay
		Issues to be considered by the panel included a ban on the deployment and use of all kinds of weapons in space, a ban on testing, deployment and use of anti-satellite (ASAT) weapons, and a code of conduct in space.
		The costs of space weaponization are prohibitive and the threats to civilization and social causes must be considered.
		Suggestions were made for action in the UN Conference on Disarmament for a treaty to ban all weapons in space.
	www.indybay.org /newsitems/2002/06/15/1329921.php (1723 words)

	Who We Are > Leader's Postscript > May 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		U.S. Missile Defence is a profoundly destabilizing, global problem demanding a global solution in the form of a Space Preservation Treaty banning Missile Defence systems and space- based weapons.
		Paul Martin is complicit in causing the Weaponization of Space, as the “land-based” U.S. National Missile Defence system will cause the Weaponization of Space.
		Canada should encourage all Nations to sign a Space Preservation Treaty banning Missile Defence systems and all space-based weapons, as Canada did in the treaty- signing conference in December 1997, where 122 countries signed the Convention Banning Land Mines.
	www.canadianactionparty.ca /MainPages/Postscript.asp?ID=364 (1044 words)

	Global Network - Berkley City Council Endorses Space Preservation Treaty - 13/9/02 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Berkeley Resolution, Space Preservation Act, Space Preservation Treaty, and letters of support will be posted on the website of the Insitute for Cooperation in Space http://www.peaceinspace.org.
		WHEREAS, The Space Preservation Act, companion to the Space Preservation Treaty, introduced by U.S. Congressman Dennis Kucinich (D-Ohio), requires the U.S. President to work toward "negotiating, adopting and implementing an international treaty banning space-based weapons and the use of weapons to destroy or damage objects in space that are in orbit;" and
		WHEREAS, the Space Preservation Act and the Space Preservation Treaty preserve the peaceful, cooperative uses of space for all residents of Berkeley and for all humankind; and
	www.globenet.free-online.co.uk /reports/berkleyendorses0902.htm (1087 words)

	The Space Show hosted by: Dr. David Livingston
		Dr. Carol Rosin, President of the Institute for Cooperation in Space and President of the Space Preservation Trust Foundation is an award winning educator, international speaker, futurist, and author, the first woman executive in an aerospace defense industry.
		Carol is a space and defense consultant and strategist, serves on many boards, advises leaders and has testified before the U.S. House and Senate and the President’s Commission on Space.
		She is planning to move to Ecuador in 2005 to continue her work to get the world Space Preservation Treaty signed into law by UN Member Nation leaders, and to include indigenous First Nation leaders in this process.
	www.thespaceshow.com /guest.asp?q=209 (406 words)

	Scoop: Peace On Earth, And Space Please Prime Minister!
		Stopping the weaponisation of outer space is the first step, but the vital step necessary so that we can transform the space-based weapons R&D programs and industries into cooperative world space R&D programs and industries that will cap the arms race and free all leaders to provide the greatest of benefits to all on earth.
		The Treaty incorporates the wording of adopted U.N. space treaties and international proposals, and is compatible with the wording and purpose of U.S. Most nation-state leaders favour a ban on space-based weapons (General Assembly Resolution 55/32 of January 3, 2001).
		Preventing the deployment of weapons in outer space forms an important part of the set of measures designed to ensure strategic stability." China introduced the prototype of a similar Space Preservation Treaty on June 6, 2001.
	www.scoop.co.nz /stories/PO0203/S00062.htm (1152 words)

	::PeaceJournalism.com - The Peace Media Research Center's e-magazine:: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Space Preservation Treaty Signing Conference is the most reliable,timely, and effective method available that will bring world leaders together to permanently ban all space-based weapons in an enforceable verifiable manner that will lead to a "cap" on the war industry while it evolves into becoming a space industry.
		An international Treaty Signing Conference on the Space Preservation Treaty must be convened as soon as possible to facilitate the leaders coming together for the signing and to bring into force an immediate and permanent ban on all space-based weapons.
		One main purpose is to dominate and control space, as the actor who dominates and controls space, dominates and control all on earth.
	peacejournalism.com /ReadArticle.asp?ArticleID=6321 (1306 words)

	Space Preservation Act - SourceWatch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Space Preservation Act was introduced in 2001, 2002, and 2005 in the U.S. House of Representatives by Representative Dennis J. Kucinich (D-Ohio) to prevent the weaponization of space.
		"To preserve the cooperative, peaceful uses of space for the benefit of all humankind by permanently prohibiting the basing of weapons in space by the United States, and to require the President to take action to adopt and implement a world treaty banning space-based weapons." [1]
		H.R. Space Preservation Act of 2001 introduced October 2, 2001, 107th Congress, 1st Session.
	www.sourcewatch.org /index.php?title=Space_Preservation_Act (302 words)

	Global Renaissance Alliance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The SPACE PRESERVATION TREATY CONFERENCE would seek to gain recognition for the URGENCY of such ACTION through encouraging executives of governments from around the world to begin the process towards national approval of such a weapons ban and through encouraging the participation of legislative leaders who would broaden the debate within their respective nations.
		It is axiomatic that you cannot have guns and butter and it will become axiomatic that you cannot have weapons in space put there by any nation and have decent health care, housing, educational systems or any of those fundamentally important social considerations and economic considerations which made life bearable and worthwhile.
		As stewards for military space, we must be prepared to exploit the advantages of the space medium.
	www.renaissancealliance.org /issact/isspers/govpol/dkucin5.htm (1809 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Space Preservation Act." It also declares that "it is the will of the
		preserve the peaceful, cooperative uses of space for all residents of
		Preservation Act and the Space Preservation Treaty to Permanently Ban the
	www.rhfweb.com /berkelyord.html (1499 words)

	Campaign for Cooperation in Space: SPACE PRESERVATION TREATY
		Campaign for Cooperation in Space: ALFRED LAMBREMONT WEBRE, J.D., M.Ed.
		This prohibits the introduction of weapons in space and the escalation of war on earth from space.
		This Treaty shall be subject to ratification by signatory States.
	peaceinspace.blogs.com /peaceinspaceorg/2005/10/why_is_a_un_spa.html (4385 words)

	BGA
		On January 24, 2002, the board of Musicians for Peace endorsed the initiative to ban Space Based Weapons after being asked by the Institute for Cooperation in Space (ICIS) to extend our proposed concert for a US Department of Peace to endorse the Space Preservation Act and Space Preservation Treaty.
		His "Sacred Mission" speech endorsed the Space preservation Treaty Conference, banning all space weapons.
		We can cocreate the Space Preservation Treaty Conference, when concerned people from all over the Planet write the Canadian Prime Minister and Foreign Minister.
	www.butterflyspirit.org /projects/Banning_Space_Based_Weapons.htm (595 words)

	Keeping Space for Peace (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		His update will include collaborative NGO strategies to help secure a ban on space-based weapons through passage of the Space Preservation Act (USA) and international adoption of the companion Space Preservation Treaty via a Canadian Government Treaty-Conference.
		Staples thinks that the heavens are one of the last true commons as well, and the weaponization of space aims to privatize the sky.
		As co-chair of the Canadian Voice of Women for Peace and through her association with Science for Peace she has actively contributed to numerous organizing and educational initiatives to stop star wars.
	www.acp-cpa.ca /EP-spacepanel.htm (322 words)

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