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Topic: Spaced repetition

	Spaced repetition - Biocrawler
		Spaced repetition is a learning technique in which increasing intervals of time are used between subsequent reviews.
		Spaced repetition originates from the way memory works.
		A typical optimization criterion used in spaced repetition is the requested level of knowledge retention, i.e.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Spaced_repetition (243 words)

	Articles on NLP, EFL, ESOL, Whole Person, Humanistic Language Teaching and more
		When we think of repetition one of the first images to cross our minds is that of a bored class brainlessly repeating aloud after the T. Drills have a history as long as language teaching itself.
		Despite all the benefits for the development of learners' lexicon, the role of repetition cannot be overrated and should be approached as one of many vocabulary learning techniques rather than 'a miracle cure' to vocabulary learning problems.
		As regards classroom application of repetition, teachers might be wary of implementing for fear of boring their students - all in all doing the same thing again and again may be dull.
	www.hltmag.co.uk /jul06/mart03.htm (3710 words)

	Spaced repetition - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Spaced repetition is a learning technique in which increasing intervals of time are used between subsequent reviews.
		Pimsleur language courses use spaced repetition techniques, and in the 1970s Sebastian Leitner devised his Leitner system, an all-purpose system based on flashcards.
		A typical optimization criterion used in spaced repetition is the requested level of knowledge retention, i.e.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Spaced_repetition (577 words)

	Digital delay line correlator - Patent 3947672
		The correlator disclosed herein detects in a stream of input pulses a plurality of sequences of time spaced signals, each of the plurality of sequences having a different one of a plurality of pulse repetition intervals disposed within a given pulse repetition interval range.
		First logic circuitry is coupled to each of the N groups of n stages to provide an output pulse when the time spaced pulses of the plurality of sequences of time spaced pulses are simultaneously present at appropriate ones of the n stages of a given number of the N groups of n stages.
		A gate signal is produced by the second register and second logic circuitry for each of the output signals from the M first logic circuitry to predict when the next pulse of each of the plurality of sequences of the M plurality of sequence should occur.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /3947672.html (4118 words)

	Drill and test software - OLPCWiki
		Spaced repetition is not simple rote repetition of phrases.
		There is a commercial program called Supermemo (an abbreviation of Super-Memorization), which demonstrates a Spaced repetition technique that might be used to schedule the learning-activities for each child or teach vocabulary, key-facts, etc.
		Drill-and-test may sound like the exact opposite of constructionism, but the same mechanism could be used to schedule repetitions of each child’s constructionist-activities or reviews of mind-maps/notes until they are well-understood and then keep them fresh in their minds.
	wiki.laptop.org /go/Drill_and_test_software (2018 words)

	The Spacing Effect \| in Chapter 06: Memory \| from Psychology: An Introduction by Russ Dewey
		In one practical demonstration of the spacing effect, Bahrick, Bahrick, Bahrick, and Bahrick (1993) showed that retention of foreign language vocabulary was greatly enhanced if practice sessions were spaced far apart.
		For example, "Thirteen retraining sessions spaced at 56 days yielded retention comparable to 26 sessions spaced at 14 days." In other words, subjects could use half as many study sessions, if the study sessions were spread over a time period four times as long.
		As an empirical rule, the generalization seems to be that a repetition will help most if the material had been in storage long enough to be just on the verge of being forgotten.
	www.psywww.com /intropsych/ch06_memory/spacing_effect.html (386 words)

	Spaced repetition: research background
		There has been a great deal of research on how different spacing of repetitions in time affects the strength of memory and how the resulting findings could be applied in the practice of effective learning.
		However, after the spacing reaches some critical point, the memory trace becomes completely inaccessible, and the processing of the to-be-remembered item is similar to the one that takes place at initial presentation (Underwood, 1961; Melton, 1970; Rose, 1984).
		Another shortcoming that makes it hard to collect data concerning optimum spacing of repetitions is the fact that most of the available studies considered inter-repetition intervals on the order of seconds, minutes and hours.
	www.supermemo.com /english/ol/background.htm (1154 words)

	Flashcard Secrets
		Much of this research focuses on what is called “spaced repetition,” in which information is reviewed over gradually expanding intervals.
		As scientists have learned more and more about how the human memory works, spaced repetition has become an increasingly popular way of assimilating new information.
		It is easy to see how this theory of spaced repetition applies to flashcards.
	www.flashcardsecrets.com /repetition.htm (252 words)

	FitPregnancy
		Advertisers know that spaced repetition is powerful stuff: advertisements are less an information tool than a platform to repeat jingles and images until they become a part of our thinking.
		The spaced repetition we are exposed to as children follows us into adulthood until, just like the mackerel, we believe and act only according to our conditioning.
		Doreen, a motivational consultant who has chosen to be a single parent, so firmly believes in the power of repeated storytelling that, as soon as her gynae told her the gender of her child, she wrote a poem about her unborn son and her wishes for his future.
	www.fitpregnancy.co.za /content.php?sec=yourpreg&year=2007&month=09&doc=womb_wisdom.html (1593 words)

	[No title]
		This spacing effect is a robust phenomenon that has been observed in different explicit memory tasks like free recall, recognition, cued-recall, and frequency estimation.” p.
		The spacing effect can be of great practical importance because the improvement of spaced over massed practice can be large and, unlike other mnemonic aids, it can be implemented without additional study time or training.” p.
		In many cases, two spaced presentations are about twice as effective as two massed presentations, and the difference between them increases as the frequency of the repetition increases Third, it is truly ubiquitous in scope.
	www.window.state.tx.us /schoolstart2004/taskforce/mtg041215/winterbreak.doc (1528 words)

	Klemmer.com
		These assignments are completed at two-week intervals so that there are adequate times to not only complete the homework, but the participant begins to further integrate their experiences and knowledge from the previous three seminars into their daily life as powerful habits.
		This repetition and emotional involvement is further reinforced during two weekend workshops, which are separated by approximately six to eight weeks.
		The spaced repetition of phone calls and weekends insures the repetition and emotional involvement to establish momentum as well as powerful habits.
	www.klemmer.com /personal/samuraicamp.asp (431 words)

	How to Use the Power of Words to Your Benefit - Part II
		Reading this with spaced repetition, it becomes ingrained in our memory, and when the situation warrants it, we practically automatically retrieve it from memory.
		Use your written goal with spaced repetition, and success is practically guaranteed.
		Using words with spaced repetition has an awesome power, whether it is to motivate us, encourage us, or help us reach our goal.
	www.msjsoftware.com /articles/article.asp?ID=4363 (610 words)

	DRAWRULE Command-Spaced Repetition
		If the answer to both of the following questions is "yes", use spaced repetition as described here.
		If spaced repetition is used, you may repeat any rules beside or below the original.
		Use Table 2 as a guide to measuring the space between rules.
	publib.boulder.ibm.com /infocenter/printer/v1r1/topic/com.ibm.printers.afpproducts/com.ibm.printers.overlayglanguserguide/hb1u4mst89.htm (258 words)

	Discovering the Insight in Repetition « Shrink the Media.
		The showcase is comprised of 113 photos by 15 artists, all tied together by the theme of repetition (however it may be interpreted).
		So in essence, repetition leads to the formation of habits, which could be any part of an activity, ranging from eating and sleeping to thinking and reacting.
		Then there’s the concept of spaced repetition, which is a learning technique in which increasing intervals of time are used between subsequent reviews.
	shrinkthemedia.wordpress.com /2007/10/22/discovering-the-insight-in-repetition (665 words)

	FAQTs - Knowledge Base - View Entry - Learning: Memory: Brain: Long term / Short term: How does it possibly work? ...
		Tom Carew found that spaced repetition converted the memory for short-term habituation and sensitization to longer-lasting memories.
		However, repetition need not be rote repetition (=learning by heart) -- elaborating on learned information, presenting information in a variety of different ways or through a variety of media, and providing opportunities for learners to apply and practice new knowledge or skills can all be effective methods.
		Spaced repetition http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaced_repetition --- Memory http://au.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761578303/Memory_ (psychology).html --- Memory http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory --- Short-Term Memory http://coe.sdsu.edu/eet/articles/stmemory/start.htm --- Long-Term Memory http://coe.sdsu.edu/eet/articles/ltmemory/index.html --- Donald Hebb: Biography http://www.konnections.net/lifecircles/Hebb.htm --- Hebbian Learning http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebbian_learning --- Memory: From Mind to Molecules http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0716760371/102-6348507-8533739 --- Does a single neuron react on well known images?
	www.faqts.com /knowledge_base/view.phtml/aid/36869/fid/1741 (547 words)

	Incremental reading - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		All articles and extracts are processed according to the rules of spaced repetition.
		Without the use of spaced repetition, the reader would quickly get lost in the glut of information when studying dozens of subjects at the same time.
		However, spaced repetition makes it possible to retain traces of the processed material in memory.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Incremental_reading (215 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Spaced repetition
		More recently, spaced repetition has also been implemented into computer-assisted language learning software.
		MindBrainer A commercial spaced-learning system for the Pocket PC using 'Graduated Interval Recall' in training and spaced repetition in testing.
		Studycard Studio A multimedia flashcard application with spaced repetition for Mac OS and Palm OS.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Spaced_repetition (840 words)

	Peak Performance - from the coach's desk: Boost retention through spaced repetition
		If repetition sounds about as exciting as doing push-ups, let me just ask you whether you can get great shoulders and pecs without reps spread out over a number of days.
		Spaced repetition can also help you redevelop your habits of thought – your attitudes.
		When I had my first sales role we had a mantra that said, “If it is to be it is up to me.” It’s been more than 20 years since I had that little pewter elephant figurine on my desk, pulling up the stake that was holding his foot to the ground.
	worldaccordingtojulie.blogspot.com /2007/06/boost-retention-through-spaced.html (722 words)

	Glossary
		A rapid indication of the primary expressive attitudes of an object, or a space.
		The repetition of elements in a recognized systematic organization.
		A color scheme consisting of three hues which are equally spaced on the color wheel and their various values and intensities.
	www.ecu.edu /artfound/glossary.htm (1068 words)

	[CAUT] Repetition Alignment
		The question came up for me because I did a regulation job on an 9 year old Steinway B (obviously over-due) and though the hammers were nice and neatly spaced to the hammer rest felts, the repetitions were all over the place.
		They were so bad, my thoughts were that they had never been spaced and traveled correctly to begin with.
		On the other hand, this was a university professor's home piano and it was hard to imagine that the dealer delivered the piano in less than pristine condition.
	www.ptg.org /pipermail/caut/2006-March/018280.html (261 words)

	3MRT - About - Study and Memory
		Spaced Repetition involves the repeated reviewing of previously studied material.
		Glover, J.A., and Corkhill, A.K. "Influence of paraphrased repetitions on the spacing effect".
		Reder, L.M., and Anderson, J.R. "Effects of spacing and embellishment for the main points of a text".
	www.3mrt.com /about/study (713 words)

	Effects of exact and category repetition on true and false recognition memory
		Know judgments were not influenced by number of repetitions or by whether spaced or massed repetition was used.
		It appears from inspection of their tables that repetition increased false remember judgments somewhat while true remember judgments didn't change very much, resulting in the lower senstivity.
		In exact repetition, spacing increases the distinctiveness of separate memory traces.
	www.uark.edu /misc/lampinen/read/dewhurst99.htm (536 words)

	kitchen table math, the sequel: spaced repetition
		The fundamental principle of all learning in all creatures, she said, was spaced repetition.
		I figured spaced repetition had to apply to persuasion, too, because I'd seen it work on I Love Lucy.
		But I can see the constructivists pointing to the spaced repetition research and using that to bolster their argument that spiral curriculum is just spaced repetition.
	kitchentablemath.blogspot.com /2007/05/spaced-repetition.html (976 words)

	Internet Archive Search: repetition
		The film interprets the restless repetition and redundancy of menu and insect behaviour as typical of absurd technological society.
		Using a material from vinyl and other sources (some borrowed, some my own) repetition is used to dull out meaning in words and encourage the listener to concentrate on the words sound qualities.
		It has something in common with the Rain compositions as well, in that they are mellow studies in repetition with variation, but these differ in their brevity.
	www.archive.org /search.php?query=repetition (2184 words)

	Psycopaedìa
		spaced repetition theory), and that translates to 25-700 years of work assuming 6 hours of unflagging daily effort.
		learning that is not based on spaced repetition, we tend to remember only memories that are relatively easy to remember.
		They will also last for long for reasons of importance, repetition, emotional attachment, etc. No wonder that we tend to believe that high fluency is correlated with memory strength.
	www.psicopolis.com /psicopedia/memorymyths.htm (2984 words)

	[No title]
		It was found in Experiment 1 that presenting the sample stimulus for 0.5 sec led to lower matching accuracy than was the case with longer presentation times of 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 sec.
		Experiments 2 and 3 investigated the effects of temporally spacing the presentations of the sample stimulus.
		These results are similar to the findings of experiments with pigeons and are contradictory to several previous experiments with monkeys or apes which found no effect of presentation time and a facilitative effect of spaced repetition.
	web.psych.ualberta.ca /~dgrant/monkeysabs.html (190 words)

	Spaced repetition downloads - VTrain (Vocabulary Trainer), CLR Tabs To Spaces, 4IE iMacros Web Macro Recorder
		Convert tab characters to space characters in text files and on the clipboard.
		Textanz analyzes all types of text content and provides the user with a list or dictionary of the words, phrases, and grammar forms, and their frequency of use within the text.
		It has an original graphic interface, which allows to select duration and pitch of the notes and also type of a chord and its arrangement without pressing mouse button but only by movement of the mouse.
	www.vicman.net /lib/spaced-repetition.htm (754 words)

	[No title]
		This is the key point of spaced repetition: each time we review a piece of information, our memory becomes stronger and we remember it for longer.
		Of course, even with optimally spaced repetition times, it's natural that some pieces of information will be forgotten.
		My goal is to make spaced repetition review (and all the benefits that it entails) available to as many people as possible, so that their studies may benefit as mine have.
	repose.cx /anki/whyreview.html (1164 words)

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