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	Spain. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The W Pyrenees and the northern coast, paralleled by the Cantabrian Mts., are occupied by Navarre, with the city of Pamplona; the Basque Country, with the ports of Bilbao and San Sebastián; Santander; and Asturias, with Oviedo and the port of Gijón.
		Spain’s bicameral legislature, the Cortes, consists of the chamber of deputies and the senate, both of whose representatives are elected every four years in provincial elections.
		It was thus under Castilian leadership that the reconquest was completed, and it was the Castilian nobility that formed the nucleus of the class of feudal magnates—the grandees—who were the ruling class of Spain for centuries after the reconquest.
	www.bartleby.com /65/sp/Spain.html (5831 words)

	Spain under Franco - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Franco is often characterized as a fascist, and certainly had the consistent support of fascists in Spain and abroad.
		Under the circumstances, a resolution condemning the Franco government was inevitable.
		Spain joined the industrialized world, leaving behind the poverty and endemic underdevelopment it had experienced since the loss of the Spanish Empire at the beginning of the 19th century.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Spain_under_Franco (1836 words)

	Francisco Franco - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Franco was born in Ferrol, Galicia, Spain on December 4, 1892.
		Franco, already general of a Division and assessor to the war minister, was put in command of the operations directed to suppress the insurgency.
		Franco had to face the problem of how to move his troops to the Iberian Peninsula, because most units of the Navy had remained in control of the republic and were blocking the Strait of Gibraltar.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Francisco_Franco (4033 words)

	Francisco Franco - MSN Encarta
		Franco based the political, economic, and social structures of his regime on fascism and corporatist ideas.
		Franco resisted both foreign and domestic pressures to democratize Spain, mainly because he resolved to legitimatize his rule under the law.
		In 1953 Franco concluded a treaty with the United States, known as the Pacts of Madrid, that provided the United States access to several of Spain's military and naval bases in exchange for military and economic assistance.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761572941_2/Franco_Francisco.html (1719 words)

	Spain - Foreign Policy under Franco
		Franco agreed to a Falangist request for the official formation of a Blue Division of volunteers--which reached a maximum strength of 18,000 men--to fight on the eastern front.
		Franco still believed that the Axis powers would win the war, and he considered the intervention of Spanish volunteers to be an inexpensive way of assuring recognition of Spain's colonial claims after the war was over.
		Franco was convinced that attacks on his regime were the work of communist forces, and he felt certain that the Western powers would someday recognize Spain's contribution in maintaining its solitary vigil against bolshevism.
	countrystudies.us /spain/24.htm (1723 words)

	Spain on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The W Pyrenees and the northern coast, paralleled by the Cantabrian Mts., are occupied by Navarre, with the city of Pamplona ; the Basque Country, with the ports of Bilbao and San Sebastián ; Santander ; and Asturias, with Oviedo and the port of Gijón.
		Under Philip II's successors, Philip III and Philip IV, Spain was drawn into the Thirty Years War (1618-48), prolonged by war with France until 1659.
		Economically, Spain progressed dramatically in the 1960s and early 70s, stimulated in part by the liberal economic policies espoused by Opus Dei ; growth was particularly pronounced in the tourist, automobile, and construction industries.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/S/Spain.asp (5952 words)

	Francisco Franco killer file
		Franco's career is halted when the leftist leaders of the new Spanish republic (known as the Second Republic) adopt a policy to reform the army.
		Franco is declared 'generalisimo', (commander-in-chief), and 'jefe de estado' (head of state) of the Nationalist regime on 29 September.
		Franco is seen as the "last surviving fascist dictator" of a country prepared to provide asylum to thousands of Nazi's fleeing justice.
	www.moreorless.au.com /killers/franco.html (3252 words)

	Historical Figures - General Francisco Franco
		Spain was bitterly divided and economically ruined as a result of the civil war and Franco's government actively promoted this division between "victors" and "vanquished" while its incompetence did little to improve the economic situation.
		With the end of World War II, Franco and Spain were forced to suffer the economic consequences of the isolation imposed on it by nations such as the United Kingdom and the United States.
		Spain was admitted in the United Nations in 1955.
	www.dailypast.com /historical-figures/francisco-franco2.shtml (779 words)

	Brief history of spain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Franco became the dictator not because of his inspiring vision or brilliant strategies, but rather because he was the slowest to try and stage a coup.
		Franco became dictator because of timely accidents, political in-fighting, probably a national need for stability, and an extraordinarily strong army backed by a sea of political generals who had been enjoying positions of power and influence since 1808.
		Specific tales of Franco's escapades as a military dictator range from the absurd to horrific, and are as complicated as the multiple factions vying for power during the civil war.
	www.klever.org /wrdz/world/franco.html (8399 words)

	[No title]
		In Western democracies, including Spain under the Republic, political crises have led to changes in the cabinet in response to shifting alignments of political parties and their strength in the legislature, determined ultimately by the electorate.
		A covenant of 1941 gave Franco the right formerly held by the king to nominate candidates for bishoprics, and the Fuero de los Españoles of 1945 responded with explicit recognition of the Catholic basis of the Spanish state.
		The rural half of Spain that had furnished votes for the Moderados and soldiers for Franco's army was joining the cities, either physically by migration or spiritually by imitation.
	libro.uca.edu /herr/ms15.htm (11038 words)

	[No title]
		In Franco's Spain it was advisable to be unpolitical.
		Franco argued that Spain was not yet ready, provided Germany with an extensive list of what was needed, and at the same time eyed at the acquisition of large areas of the French colonial Empire in North Africa.
		Franco pursued a policy of keeping Spain out of the war, keeping up the illusion that the Spanish government was sympathetic with the Axis powers, at the same time not alienating the Allies.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/spain/spain194575.html (739 words)

	Francisco Franco - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Franco, Francisco (1892-1975), Spanish military leader who rose to power during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) and went on to rule Spain as...
		Spain’s fascist movement, the Falange Española (Spanish Phalanx) was hobbled by the country’s historical lack of a coherent nationalist tradition....
		When the Spanish Civil War began in 1936, three countries that were to become the principal protagonists in World War II—Germany, Italy, and the...
	encarta.msn.com /Francisco_Franco.html (182 words)

	Physics Today July 2002
		Contrary to Gonzalo's opinion, Franco was ultimately responsible for a devastating war in which hundreds of thousands of people were killed, for a drastic stunting of Spain's economic and scientific growth, and for a 40-year period of political oppression.
		Others, who came to Spain in the late 1960s and early 1970s after physicist Nicolas Cabrera was invited to return from exile, soon had to leave the country because of political pressure and an atmosphere hostile to science.
		The Junta para Ampliación de Estudios was dismantled by Franco's new regime in 1939.
	www.physicstoday.org /vol-55/iss-7/p84a.html (654 words)

	REVISITING DE LIFE OF SPAIN'S FIRST FASCIST
		Spain, under Franco, was a free country if you compare it with totalitarian regimes such as the Soviet Union, Castro’s Cuba or any other communist regime to this day.
		Under Franco people were allowed to criticize the government, but there was not a free press, nevertheless, the people could walk at any hour of the day or night without fear.
		Franco, as Pinochet, saved their countries from the scourge of communism, left prosperous and dynamic economies establishing the basis for the orderly return to democracy once they left power.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/575811/posts (1840 words)

	Franco supporters attack Liberal Spain
		Franco's Gov was preferable to the alternative which was at the time a Stalin supported communist rule.
		Franco's forces (Nationalists) with the help of the Germans and Italians took Seville on August 9 1936, tore down the Reds' flag, replaced it with the flag of the old Republic of Spain and held a huge parade, which included a float carrying a sttatue of the Blessed Mother.
		Franco is declared head of state in that part of Spain held by the Nationalists and called El Caudillo, a title given to Christian leaders which drove the Moors from Spain during the 15th Century.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1525572/posts (2792 words)

	Franco- - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Franco, Francisco (1892-1975), Spanish military leader who rose to power during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) and went on to rule Spain as...
		Spain’s fascist movement, the Falange Española (Spanish Phalanx) was hobbled by the country’s historical lack of a coherent nationalist tradition....
		On July 17, 1936, Spanish military forces stationed in Morocco mutinied and proclaimed a revolution against Spain’s elected government.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Franco-.html (101 words)

	Franco by Christopher Manion
		So Eisenhower was urged to "move things along" in Spain, and sent envoy Vernon Walters, who would in the 1980s represent the United States as ambassador to the U.N. and to a reunited Germany, to see Franco.
		When I lived in Spain in 1976, July 1 was a widely anticipated "turning point" in the developing democracy (Franco had died the previous December).
		To the left, Franco was a "fascist" because the left called all of its enemies "fascists," since conservatism abounds in true diversity, while the left congeals like sludge around the constant lust for power.
	www.lewrockwell.com /manion/manion45.html (859 words)

	BBC ON THIS DAY \| 20 \| 1975: Spanish dictator Franco dies
		Franco, also know as the Generalissimo, will be buried next week at the Valley of the Fallen mausoleum.
		General Franco successfully led the Nationalist armies against the Loyalists during the Spanish Civil War in the late 1930s, with support from Hitler's Germany and Italy under Mussolini.
		Under Franco Spain has enjoyed stability and relative prosperity, especially after reforms introduced since 1959 that modernised administration and industry.
	news.bbc.co.uk /onthisday/low/dates/stories/november/20/newsid_4421000/4421636.stm (653 words)

	Franco links
		Franco and homosexual persecution Independent article on recent moves to compensate gay victims of the franco regime.
		Franco's Collaboration with Germany Since the unlikely survival of Francisco Franco's regime through the Second World War, historians have puzzled over the extent to which the Franco government had collaborated with Adolf Hitler's Germany.
		Franco's Spain and Castro's Cuba: Parallels and Contrasts by Alfred G. Cuzán, Department of Government, The University of West Florida.
	www.casahistoria.net /franco.htm (1278 words)

	Area Handbook Series/ Spain / Bibliography
		The Transformation of Spain: From Franco to the Constitutional Monarchy.
		The Spaniards: A Portrait of the New Spain.
		Spain in the Middle Ages: From Frontier to Empire, 1000-1500.
	www.country-data.com /frd/cs/spain/es_bibl.html (5991 words)

	Conference Day 2002 -- Abstract (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		In this project, I researched the history of Spain under Franco, who wanted to create a "true Spanish identity." Those who did not conform to this "identity," such as the Basques were oppressed and persecuted.
		I discuss the reason why ETA resorted to violent tactics and why they have not ended the violence in Spain since democracy was restored after Franco's death.
		From my research, I concluded that the continuing violence in Spain is deeply affecting the social and political structure of the nation.
	www.cnr.edu /home/sas/honors/confday/2002/abstract/1.html (340 words)

	Spain, the Franco Era \| Spain Under Franco \| Franco's Spain \| Questia.com Online Library
		SPAIN IN 1892 The Spain into which Francisco Franco was born was a...To understand the Spain into which Francisco Franco was born and...Such, then, was the Spain into which...
		...with the Franco era subdivided...essay by the editors provides...in modern Spain, situating...been both in the history of...twentieth-century Spain and in political...ol en...
		Nationalist Spain and the Rise of Franco 673 4.
	www.questia.com /library/history/spain-franco-era.jsp (580 words)

	SPAIN: Under Franco and today (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		If anybody can put up with the incredible noise level of a Spanish village, that's the safest place by far -- if you can put up withe the IQ of the village gossipers that congreagte in the streets to talk about the irrigation system or the latest scandal.
		Under Franco, both the crime rate and the noise factor was very low because a "Pareja" of Guardia Civiles patroled the streets at around 23H00 with a flashlight, like the US cop on a beat.
		The picture in the cities is exactly as George Sassoon described it and then we haven't talked about local corruption, which destroyed one of the prettiest coastlines in the world and still has not solved the country's rubbish problem.
	www.stanford.edu /group/wais/Spain/spain_underfrancoandtoday8903.html (288 words)

	Spain: History
		Alaric II at Vouillé resulted in the loss by the Visigoths of most of Gaul; in the Iberian Peninsula, Belisarius temporarily reconquered (554) S Spain for the Byzantine Empire; however, the Visigoths soon regained S Spain and in 585 also conquered the kingdom of the Suevi in Galicia.
		The rivalry on the seas between Spain and England culminated in the attempted conquest of England by the Spanish
		The political weakness of Spain was complicated by the absence of a direct heir to
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/world/A0861231.html (4205 words)

	[No title]
		A sibling of interwar Europe's other fascist regimes, Franco's Spain survived them all, growing to old age in an era of liberal democracy.
		Economics and society are as integral a part of the story in 'Franco's Spain' as politics, and international relations find their place alongside purely domestic issues.
		Readers with perhaps a more general interest in Spain will appreciate the easy structure of the book which guides the reader without losing a sense of the themes woven throughout the book.
	www.hoddereducation.co.uk /Title/0340561696/Francos_Spain.htm (395 words)

	NationMaster - Statistics on Spain. 4158 facts and figures, stats and information on Spanish economy, crime, people, ...
		Spain was like Germany before the Zollverrein till Felipe V. On fact, the kings before him had to go to the different kingdoms to be recognised as kings and so on.Well, there are many facts that shows that it was like that till the XVIII century, I just don't want u to get wrong.
		Spain is a decentralized country divided in 17 communities and 2 cities (Ceuta, Melilla).
		Spain DID NOT exist until the other countries merged and finally came toguether in 1497 wich is a few hundred years AFTER the creation of Portugal.
	www.nationmaster.com /country/sp (8300 words)

	Spain under Franco: 'Marxists are retards' \| Special reports \| Guardian Unlimited
		If the generalissimo and his fellow right-wing rebels in the Spanish civil war were crusaders for justice, God and the truth, then their leftwing opponents had to be mad, psychotic or at least congenitally subnormal.
		He went on to become Spain's most important psychiatrist, holding the country's first-ever university chair in the subject, writing dozens of books and taking part in international conferences until his death in 1960.
		The results, predictably concluding that Marxists really were mad, tell us more about the mindset of those who, with Franco at the helm, would run Spain for the next 40 years than about the British and other men at San Pedro de Cardena.
	www.guardian.co.uk /spain/article/0,2763,823707,00.html (1128 words)

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