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Topic: Spanish Empire

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	Spanish Empire - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Spanish participation in the Scramble for Africa was minimal: Spanish Morocco was held until 1956 and Spanish Guinea and the Spanish Sahara were held until 1968 and 1975 respectively.
		The Spanish Bourbons' broadest intentions were to break the power of the entrenched aristocracy of the Criollos (locally born colonials of European descent), and, eventually, loosen the territorial control of the Society of Jesus over the virtually independent theocracies of Guarani Misiones: the Jesuits were expelled from Spanish America in 1767.
		In 1959, the Spanish territory on the Gulf of Guinea was established with status similar to the provinces of metropolitan Spain.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Spanish_Empire (8522 words)

	Spain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It was divided into Hispania Ulterior and Hispania Citerior during the late Roman Republic; and, during the Roman Empire, Hispania Taraconensis in the northeast, Hispania Baetica in the south and Lusitania (province with capital in the city of Emerita Augusta) in the southwest.
		The Spanish Empire covered most territories of South and Central America, Mexico, some of Eastern Asia (including the Philippines), the Iberian peninsula (including the Portuguese empire invaded by the Kingdom of Spain and the Duke of Alba in 1580), southern Italy, Sicily, Germany, and the Netherlands.
		Spanish involvement in the Second World War was in fact a continuation of its Civil War, as the ideological conflicts involved had much in common, despite Franco's official policy of neutrality (and non-belligerency during the years of Axis success).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Spain (7705 words)

	Spanish Empire - MSN Encarta
		Spanish Empire, overseas territories in North and South America, Asia, Africa, and Oceania that were colonized and administered by Spain.
		The Spanish Empire began in the 15th century as Europe began to expand overseas.
		Spain's overseas empire dates from the joint rule of Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragón, whose marriage in 1469 began the process of uniting their separate Iberian kingdoms into one Spanish nation.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761595536/Spanish_Empire.html (1969 words)

	Spanish Empire page
		For the Aztecs themselves the arrival of the Spanish invaders was a catastrophe - the end of their empire which had lasted for about 100 years since they came out of the deserts to the north and conquered the previous rulers.
		The empire in Africa was confined to two territories in West Africa and two enclaves in the north: Rio de Oro; Equatorial Guinea and Ceuta and Mellilla.
		The Spanish state could not raise the funds to fight numerous guerilla wars and found, as Britain had discovered 50 years before, that colonists could not be held against their will.
	www.angelfire.com /mac/egmatthews/worldinfo/europe/spainempire.html (1302 words)

	Spanish Empire - MSN Encarta
		Creoles, people of Spanish descent who were born in the Americas, developed a cultural identity shaped by both their Spanish roots and their American home.
		The Spanish presence in Asia and the Pacific Islands dates back to 1521, when Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan was attempting to find a westward route to the Spice Islands on behalf of Spain.
		The term Filipino originally denoted a person of Spanish descent born in the Philippines and was comparable to the term Creole in the Spanish-American colonies.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761595536_3/Spanish_Empire.html (1805 words)

	The Ultimate Spanish Empire Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		In 1571, Spanish and Venetian warships, joined by volunteers across Europe, led by Charles' illegitimate son Don John of Austria annihilated the Ottoman fleet at the Battle of Lepanto, in one of the most decisive battles in naval history.
		At the Battle of the Downs in 1639 a Spanish fleet was decimated by the Dutch navy, and the Spanish found themselves unable to supply their forces in the Netherlands.
		It is indefensible to say that the Spanish were a world power at any point in the nineteenth century, save for a brief spit in the 1870s when the capable Alfonso XII of Spain and his thoughtful ministers succeeded in restoring some vigour to Spanish politics and prestige.
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/Spanish_Empire (5191 words)

	Discovery: The Spanish Empire
		The Spanish Empire in the New World was a disaster for Native Americans.
		It is believed that somewhere around 40% of the Native Americans under direct Spanish control died in the sixteenth century, some through Spanish cruelty and the majority through diseases unwittingly introduced by the Spanish.
		To be sure, while we universally condemn Spanish cruelty in the Americas, it was outdone by the English treatment of African slaves in the Caribbean.
	www.wsu.edu:8080 /~dee/REFORM/EMPIRE.HTM (618 words)

	The Spanish Empire
		The Spanish attempted to extricate themselves from the several conflicts they were involved in, first signing the Treaty of Vervins with France in 1598, recognizing Henry IV (since 1593 a Catholic) as king of France, and restoring many of the stipulations of the previous Peace of Chateau-Cambrésis.
		The Spanish Bourbons broadest intentions were to break the power of the entrenched creole aristocracies, and, eventually, loosen the territorial control of the Society of Jesus too: the Jesuits were expelled from Spanish America in 1767.
		Their sizable empire in America made them relevant, but it is difficult—even in light of Floridablanca's reforms—to say that they were anywhere near the ranks of Austria or Russia, let alone France or England.
	www.thelatinlibrary.com /imperialism/notes/spanishempire.html (5889 words)

	European Voyages of Exploration: Aztec Empire
		The empire was still growing when the Spaniards appeared at the southern boundary of the Valley of Mexico.
		By the early sixteenth century, the Spanish settlement in Cuba was mired in problems.
		Cortés' management of Spanish possessions in the Americas ensured that, by 1540, Mexico City (built on the ruins of Tenochtitlán) was the metropolis of Spanish America.
	www.ucalgary.ca /applied_history/tutor/eurvoya/aztec.html (1055 words)

	Top 20 Encyclopedia
		Between the incorporation of the Portuguese empire in 1580 and the loss of its American colonies from 1800 it was the largest in the world by territory even though it suffered declining and fluctuating military and economic fortunes from the 1640s.
		The destruction of the main Spanish fleet, under French command, at the Battle of Trafalgar (1805) undermined Spain's ability to defend and hold onto its empire.
		Ultimately, civil unrest throughout the Spanish Empire proved to be a dangerous political powder keg that finally led to foreign intervention/dismantling/appropriation of all remaining Spanish possessions in the Caribbean and the Pacific.
	encyc.connectonline.com /index.php/Spanish_colony (7709 words)

	SPANISH EMPIRE COINS IN GUAM- PART TWO
		Spanish galleons on the Acapulco-Manila trade route carried silver coinage not only to deliver the "situado" to the colonies in Guam and the Philippines but also to have silver available for trade with the Chinese merchants in the orient.
		Although the coins were produced between 1500 and 1900, their transport by Spanish galleons between Mexico and the Philippines was limited to the period between 1565 and 1815.
		The best known Spanish dollar during the 18th century was the "pillar dollar", a Spanish milled dollar which was minted in Spanish-America (between 1732 and 1760) to replace the cob.
	www.coinmall.com /CSNA/guam1.htm (1404 words)

	Spanish Empire
		Upon the death of Ferdinand II of Aragon (Ferdinand V of Castile) in 1516, the Spanish crown was inherited by his grandson Charles.
		A direct descendant of the Habsburgs of Austria, the king of Castile and Aragon, Charles I of Spain, soon assumed the rule of Naples and went on to become Emperor Charles V of Germany.
		Ten years later, when the Ottoman Empire was at the height of its splendour, Charles V defeated Suleiman the Magnificent in a battle in Tunis, signalling the beginning of Turkish decline.
	www.donquijote.org /culture/spain/history/empire.asp (437 words)

	SPANISH EMPIRE COINS IN GUAM- PART TWO
		Large quantities of silver coin were counterstamped by Spanish officials in Manila as "coin of the realm".
		Spanish officials issued an order to halt the counterstamping of foreign coins in 1837.
		During the period 1837 to 1861, Spanish American coins were used alongside Spanish maravedis, quartos and pesetas.
	www.coinmall.com /CSNA/guam2.htm (1560 words)

	European Voyages of Exploration: The Inca Empire
		Francisco Pizarro was born in 1474 in Trujillo, Spain, as the illegitimate and poorly-educated son of a minor noble.
		In 1502 he arrived in the Spanish colony of Hispaniola where he later joined the expedition to settle Panama in 1519.
		Two of the emperor's sons laid claim to the throne: Huáscar was selected by the court elite to rule from Cuzco, the traditional Inca capital, and Atahualpa had control of his father's professional army and the newly conquered regions of Ecuador and Columbia.
	www.acs.ucalgary.ca /applied_history/tutor/eurvoya/inca.html (611 words)

	The Rise and Fall of the Spanish Empire. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Rise and Fall of the Spanish Empire.
		1516: On the death of Fernando of Aragon, the Spanish Crown goes to Charles I of Spain and V of Germany, who unites under a single sceptre the Spanish kingdoms of Castile and Aragon, plus the Italian and European dominions of the Habsburgs.
		1519: Charles is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire (June 28th), which involves Spain in endless wars; the monarch confronts the Ottoman Empire, takes Francois I of France prisoner at Pavia and tries to solve the serious problem of the Reformation.
	www.sispain.org /english/history/rise.html (233 words)

	Spanish empire failed to conquer Southeast
		Spearheading the drive against the Spanish was a set of savvy, wealthy trader/planters in South Carolina who had a powerful combination of traits Juan Pardo and his Spanish contemporaries never mastered:sharp trading skills, wide-ranging organizational talent, and a cynical ability to manipulate the Indians by drawing them into the European trading network.
		The Hapsburg Empire, of which Spain was a part, stood in the late 1500s as a classic example of imperial overstretch.
		Funds and soldiers that the empire could have been used to aid the conquest of the Carolinas and other parts of the Southeast were directed instead toward European problem areas, most notably the Netherlands.
	www.salisburypost.com /august/082999g.htm (1364 words)

	The Spanish Empire: Historical Colossus and Modern Impact (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Spanish Empire: Historical Colossus and Modern Impact
		, especially, forged a remarkable global empire whose breadth and impact were astounding.
		created a vast global empire of similar size, in spite of limitations in its native territory, natural resources, and population that were akin to those encountered by the British, French, and Dutch.
	www.people.fas.harvard.edu /~ulm/history/spanish_empire.htm (824 words)

	Organization of the Spanish Empire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The other was Peru which covered all of Spanish South America except the coast of Venezuela.
		New Spain grew as the savage semidesert north came slowly to be subdued and occupied by missionary friars, miners, ranchers, and military governments.
		The Spanish presence on the North American Continent extended from the East Coast to the Pacific as far North in the Pacific as Nootka Sound on Vancouver Island in what is now British Columbia.
	www.sbthp.org /soldados/StBarbara/organization.htm (134 words)

	Age of Exploration - The Spanish Empire in America
		The Spanish were seen by them as liberators.
		An account of Spanish atrocities in Mexico by Bartoleme de Las Casas, a Spanish bishop, shows native Aztecs being tortured, burned, and having their hands cut off.
		As the Spanish fought over the gold, Pizarro was killed.
	members.tripod.com /~mr_sedivy/explor2.html (806 words)

	DVD Empire - Item - Spanish Prisoner, The / DVD-Video (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Nowadays, rare are the directors you can identify after a 5 minutes look at the movie they present.
		His last movie THE SPANISH PRISONER is the best he has directed since his debut in 1987.
		The Spanish Prisoner was surprisingly good despite a somewhat lack luster ending.
	www.dvdempire.com /Exec/v4_item.asp?userid=%s&searchID=&item_id=2761 (272 words)

	Spanish Empire - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Spanish Empire - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Spanish Empire, overseas territories in Africa, the Americas, and Asia historically subject to the sovereignty of Spain.
		Help with Spanish, French, German, and Italian homework.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Spanish_Empire.html (50 words)

	Spanish Empire Questions
		How do the motivations of the Spanish from 1492-1588 serve to
		In the same periods, what efforts were made by the Spanish
		What characteristics of the Spanish colonization defined the
	www.odu.edu /al/enybakke/colonialdocs/spanishempirequestions.htm (84 words)

	Amazon.com: The Spanish Seaborne Empire: Books: J. H. Parry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Spanish Inquisition: A Historical Revision by Henry Kamen
		Part I is about "The establishment of Empire", and part II deals with "The responsibilities of Empire" (for example, the spreading of the faith and law enforcement).
		Part III talks about "The cost of Empire" (demographic catastrophe, economic dependence, etc...), and part IV discusses "The endurance of Empire" (specially its growth and consequent need of reorganisation).
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0520071409?v=glance (1097 words)

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