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	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Spanish Inquisition
		The Spanish Inquisition was established in 1478 by Catholic Monarchs Ferdinand and Isabella to maintain Catholic orthodoxy in their kingdoms and was under the direct control of the Spanish monarchy.
		The Papal Inquisition in the 1230s was in response to the failures of the Episcopal Inquisition and was staffed by professionals, trained specifically for the job as decreed by the Pope.
		The Spanish Inquisition was decreed by the Catholic Church in 1478 in Spain under Ferdinand and Isabella of Castile.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Spanish-Inquisition (719 words)

	Spanish Inquisition
		The Spanish Inquisition was established in 1478 as a court for the detection of heretics, although its true purpose remains somewhat obscure.
		The political justification for the Spanish Inquisition was the existence of a threat to the monarchy.
		The Spanish Christians (Christianity was the most widespread faith) were outraged at the Jews for a variety of reasons, most of them religious, and saw the Spanish Inquisition as a means of controlling the Jewish population, removing the actual source of the problem.
	www.donquijote.org /culture/spain/history/inquisition.asp (392 words)

	Inquisition
		Inquisitions were used during the decline of the Roman Empire until the Spanish Inquisition's decline in the 19th century.
		He remained the leader of the Spanish Inquisition for fifteen years and was responsible for the execution of thousands of Spaniards.
		The Spanish Inquisition's reign of terror was abolished by King Bonaparte in 1834, but it wasn't until January of 1968 when the files of the Office of the Inquisition at the Vatican were closed.
	www.geocities.com /iberianinquisition (745 words)

	Rejection of Pascal's Wager: The Spanish Inquisition
		The Spanish Inquisition was an independent state tribunal modelled after the medieval institution.
		The total number of people who died at the stake over five centuries- the Spanish Inquisition was only suppressed in 1834- was difficult the say with certainty.
		The methods of the Spanish Inquisition, like all forms of Christian religious trials, were the negation of every principle of justice known to man. The inquisition, like the pope, acquired an aura of infallibility.
	www.geocities.com /paulntobin/spanish.html (654 words)

	Spanish Inquisition: 1478-1834
		Inquisitions were used during the decline of the Roman Empire until the Spanish Inquisition's decline in the early 1800s.
		He remained the leader of the Spanish Inquisition for fifteen years and is believed to be responsible for the execution of around 2,000 Spaniards.
		The Catholic Church and the Pope attempted to intervene in the bloody Spanish Inquisition but were unable to wrench the extremely useful political tool from the hands of the Spanish rulers.
	www.thenagain.info /WebChron/WestEurope/SpanInqui.html (388 words)

	Inquisition - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Inquisition was in response to the growing Catharist heresy in southern France.
		The Papal Inquisition in the 1230s was in response to the failures of the Episcopal Inquisition and was staffed by professionals, trained specifically for the job as decreed by the Pope.
		The Spanish Inquisition was decreed by the Catholic Church in 1478 in Spain under Ferdinand and Isabella of Castile.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Inquisition (2368 words)

	Spanish Inquisition - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Spanish Inquisition was loosely connected with the Holy Office of the Inquisition against Heretical Depravity (which lacked the manpower/resources to conduct the inquisition properly), which was incorporated in the Curia by the action of the Fourth Lateran Council.
		The Inquisition was abolished during the domination of Napoleon and the reign of Joseph I (1808-1812).
		The Inquisition was definitively abolished July 15, 1834, by a Royal Decree signed by regent Maria Cristina de Borbón, during the minority of Isabel II and with the approval of the President of the Cabinet Francisco Martinez de la Rosa.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Spanish_Inquisition (10637 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Inquisition
		Inquisition, whether because of the particularly perilous sectarianism there prevalent or of the greater severity of ecclesiastical and civil rulers, weighed heavily on Italy (especially Lombardy), on Southern France (in particular the country of Toulouse and on Languedoc) and finally on the Kingdom of Aragon and on Germany.
		Inquisition, it is necessary to distinguish clearly between principles and historical fact on the one hand, and on the other those exaggerations or rhetorical descriptions which reveal bias and an obvious determination to injure Catholicism, rather than to encourage the spirit of tolerance and further its exercise.
		Inquisition is distinguished from the medieval its monarchical constitution and a greater consequent centralization, as also by the constant and legally provided-for influence of the crown on all official appointments and the progress of trials.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/08026a.htm (12937 words)

	Inquisition. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Secular rulers came to use the persecution of heresy as a weapon of state, as in the case of the suppression of the Knights Templars.
		The Inquisition was an emergency device and was employed mainly in S France, N Italy, and Germany.
		The Spanish government tried to establish the Inquisition in all its dominions; but in the Spanish Netherlands the local officials did not cooperate, and the inquisitors were chased (1510) out of Naples, apparently with the pope’s connivance.
	www.bartleby.com /65/in/Inquisit.html (728 words)

	Inquisition
		The medieval inquisition went on for a couple of centuries, during which time a lot of scores were settled in the South of France.
		The Spanish Inquisition was founded on the somewhat ludicrous notion that Jews and Muslims were pretending to covert to Catholicism in order to undermine the church in Spain.
		The first five years of the Spanish Inquisition were basically rampant mayhem with no appreciable diminishment of the "threat" from the fake Catholics.
	www.rotten.com /library/history/inquisition (1622 words)

	Inquisition, Spanish Inquisition
		And the excesses of the Spanish Inquisition are largely due to the fact that in its administration civil purposes overshadowed the ecclesiastical.
		The Spanish Inquisition is distinguished from the medieval its monarchical constitution and a greater consequent centralization, as also by the constant and legally provided-for influence of the crown on all official appointments and the progress of trials.
		This inquisitional tribunal, composed of six cardinals, was to be at once the final court of appeal for trials concerning faith, and the court of first instance for cases reserved to the pope.
	mb-soft.com /believe/txh/inquisit.htm (13819 words)

	Catholic Culture : Document Library : Truth about the Spanish Inquisition, The
		This image of the Spanish Inquisition is a useful one for those who have little love for the Catholic Church.
		The medieval Inquisition began in 1184 when Pope Lucius III sent a list of heresies to Europe's bishops and commanded them to take an active role in determining whether those accused of heresy were, in fact, guilty.
		The Spanish Inquisition, already established as a bloodthirsty tool of religious persecution, was derided by Enlightenment thinkers as a brutal weapon of intolerance and ignorance.
	www.catholicculture.org /docs/doc_view.cfm?recnum=5236 (4312 words)

	Spanish Inquisition Pathfinder
		The inquisition in Spain was instituted by Pope Sixtus IV in 1478 at the invitation of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella.
		Cultural Encounters : The Impact of the Inquisition in Spain and the New World by Perry, Mary Elizabeth.
		Inquisition and Society in the Kingdom of Valencia, 1478-1834
	www.rhodes.edu /library/pathfinders/Inquisition.html (321 words)

	Spanish Inquisition
		The Spanish Inquisition was established with papal approval in 1478 at the request of King Ferdinand V and Queen Isabella I. This Inquisition targeted those Jews who through coercion or social pressure had insincerely converted to Christianity.
		And the excesses of the Spanish Inquisition are largely due to the fact that in its administration civil purposes overshadowed the ecclesiastical....
		Inquisition was made for all who had any of Luther's works in their possession, the readers of which were threatened with the fire.
	jmgainor.homestead.com /files/PU/Inq/si.htm (2452 words)

	Inquisition on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Aspiring Saints: Pretense of Holiness, Inquisition, and Gender in the Republic of Venice, 1618-1750....
		INQUISITION [Inquisition], tribunal of the Roman Catholic Church established for the investigation of heresy.
		The Spanish inquisition: Simon Lemieux examines the hard facts about the Inquisition and counters the common caricature.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/I/Inquisit.asp (940 words)

	The Spanish Inquisition:Fact Versus Fiction
		Once more, suspension of disbelief is not so difficult, because it is a given that the officers of the Spanish Inquisition were so glutted with pride and blood-lust that they would not have stopped at deicide to gain their ends.
		As far as procedure was concerned, the Spanish Inquisition pretty much followed the precedent established in the thirteenth century and the models provided by secular tribunals.
		And this is precisely why the Inquisition was created by the Spanish monarchs: as the etymology of the word implies, the first task of this new judicial body was inquiry, specifically inquiry into the authenticity of the conversion of the Moors and Jews who had come under the sway of those monarchs.
	www.catholic.net /RCC/Periodicals/Dossier/1112-96/article2.html (2299 words)

	Catholic Pages Directory: » The Church » Church History » SPANISH INQUISITION
		The subject of the Inquisition illustrates one of the paradoxes of the "information age"--the availability of accurate information on a subject by no means guarantees that such information will affect public perceptions.
		The Spanish Inquisition and the social/historical context in which it took place is explained in this excerpt from Christ the King: Lord of History.
		Myth of the Spanish Inquisition by Ellen Rice.
	www.catholic-pages.com /dir/inquisition.asp (270 words)

	The Myth of the Spanish Inquisition
		In its brief sixty-minute presentation, "The Myth of the Spanish Inquisition" provides only an overview of the origins and debunking of the myths of torture and genocide.
		The documentary clearly and boldly narrates the historical context, which intimates that the Spanish were not acting odd by their contemporary standards.
		The Inquisition had a secular character, although the crime was heresy.
	www.catholic.net /RCC/Periodicals/Dossier/1112-96/article4.html (900 words)

	The Spanish Inquisition - History of the Spanish Inquisition
		One of the darker periods of Spanish history is the Spanish Inquisition, which shrouded Spain for over 350 years.
		In both scope and intensity, the Spanish Inquisition far surpassed the Medieval Inquisition, from which the Catholic monarchs took the original idea.
		The Inquisition became obsessed with the suspicion that the converts only pretended to convert to escape persecution, continued to practice their own religions privately, and planned to undermine the church down the road.
	www.enforex.com /culture/spanish-inquisition.html (540 words)

	The Truth About the Spanish Inquisition
		As far as the Spanish Inquisition was concerned, the expulsion of the Jews meant that the caseload of conversos was now much greater.
		The Spanish Inquisition, still active and extremely efficient at keeping Protestants out of Spain, was for Protestant writers merely the latest version of this persecution.
		The Spanish Inquisition, already established as a bloodthirsty tool of religious persecution, was derided by Enlightenment thinkers as a brutal weapon of intolerance and ignorance.
	catholiceducation.org /articles/history/world/wh0075.html (4333 words)

	No One Expects the Spanish Inquisition!
		The Roman Inquisition was established by Paul III in 1542 (Licet ab initio) as a way of centralising the various episcopal tribunals under the authority of the Pope and pushing forward the Catholic Reformation, with a special focus on combating Protestantism.
		The Inquisition directed its efforts against the perceived Protestant threat, especially in the Barcelona, Saragossa and Seville areas, and famously arrested the Spanish Primate, Bartolomé Carranza (Archbishop of Toledo and once Papal Legate to the England of Mary Tudor) for his suspected Lutheran sympathies.
		The Spanish Inquisition was responsible for the deaths of between 3,000 and 5,000 people during its 350-year history, about 2% of all cases, with executions peaking in the tribunal’s first fifty years (mostly converso) and at the end of the sixteenth century (mostly morisco).
	www.faith.org.uk /Publications/Magazines/Jan07/Jan07NoOneExpectsTheSpanishInquisition.html (3869 words)

	[No title]
		The Spanish Inquisition was, therefore, only following a general practice when it tortured, in caput alienum, those who had confessed their guilt.
		Judges of the inquisition had to be “at least forty years old, of unblemished reputation, noted for virtue and wisdom, masters of theology, or doctors or licentiates of canon law, and they were to follow the usual ecclesiastical rules and regulations.” Torquemada soon became the true organizer of the Inquisition.
		In the history of the Catholic Inquisition, the Spanish Inquisition is especially well-known, particularly in the nature of the auto de fe, or trials, of supposedly converted Muslims, Jews, and Illuminists.
	www.lycos.com /info/spanish-inquisition--spain.html (556 words)

	Inquisition, the torture methods of the inquisition (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Many styles of torture had been invented during the inquisition so as to inflict the most horrific pain on the poor victim without killing them.
		The worst tortures of the inquisition occured in Germany and France.
		By the 17th century as the catholic church began to loose power the inquisition began to collapse.
	www.paralumun.com /inquisition.htm (498 words)

	Inquisition - MSN Encarta
		Thus, the Spanish Inquisition became more an instrument of the state than of the church, although churchmen, especially Dominicans, always functioned as its officers.
		The Spanish established it in Sicily in 1517, but were unable to do so in Naples and Milan.
		Historians have noted that many Protestant lands had institutions as repressive as the Spanish Inquisition, such as the consistory in Geneva at the time of the French reformer John Calvin.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761552909_2/Inquisition.html (340 words)

	The Spanish Inquisition
		The Spanish Inquisition was an ecclestastical court whose duty was to seek out and rid the Church of any and all unorthodox beliefs.
		Crow (1963) said, "The Inquisition was always under the control of the Crown, and it was efficiently used to increase the royal power by depriving the suspected converts of their lands, their wealth, and their influence." (p.
		Chief among the cause of the Inquisition was the envy and hatred of the Jews in Spain.
	www.richeast.org /htwm/Inqui/inq.html (2017 words)

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