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Topic: Spanish legion

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	Spanish Sahara
		Note: The Spanish considered the period 23 Nov - 22 Dec1957 to be the "active" period of the war in Ifni.
		Note: The Spanish considered the period 12 Jan - 28 Feb to be the "active" period of the war in the Desert.
		Spanish patrols and convoys were involved in pitched battles in the Saharan territory.
	www.balagan.org.uk /war/iberia/1956/index.htm (3469 words)

	Back Seat Drivers
		As Spanish daily El Pais reports, the dictator was declared honorary mayor in perpetuity by the town in 1964.
		Astray was the founder of the Spanish Legion, which was modelled after its French equivalent.
		A borderline psychotic, Astray's was responsible for the legion's nickname of Novios de la Muerte (bridegrooms of death) and its battle cry, Viva la muerte (long live death).
	backseatdrivers.blogspot.com (851 words)

	Francisco Franco killer file
		Franco's father is a paymaster in the Spanish naval administrative corps.
		The legion becomes notorious for the ruthlessness and brutality of its attacks on Moorish villages and plays a decisive role in bringing the Moroccan revolt to an end.
		The army is composed of elite Spanish Foreign Legion battalions and native Moroccan units commanded by Spanish officers.
	www.moreorless.au.com /killers/franco.html (3246 words)

	blau_div
		The Spanish volunteers were issued with German uniforms and equipment, although some continued to wear their blue shirts and berets during the initial training stages.
		The Spanish positions had now been consolidated apart from Pass which was still under Soviet attack and this forced the Spanish units in Schevelevo to return to the ruins there to relieve the beleaguered defenders.
		Positionally the Spanish sector near the River Ishora would be the main centre of attention for a Soviet attack and in anticipation of this the German 212th Division would be held in readiness to support the town of Krasny Bor if the need arose.
	members.libreopinion.com /ch1492/english/blue/blau_div.html (5314 words)

	Additional Blue Division/250 Infantry Division notes
		Spanish casualties were heavy for the numbers engaged.
		The Spanish held the ground against the first attacks but by 0845 1-I-262 and the Bn HQ were destroyed, 2-I-262 was retreating towards the woods to the east and 3-I-262 was resisting in a swamp, repulsing two more attacks.
		On the Spanish left 2-MR was still recovering from the arty pounding when units of the 72nd Rifle appeared from Iam Izhora and overrun their lines by 0845.
	www.geocities.com /historyfan2002/general/infantry/spanish/s250div1.htm (1623 words)

	KFOR: Basic Information:
		The Spanish Legion was formed in 1920 as a foreign legion by Lt. Col. Millan Astray, and was to be used in the toughest action for the Spanish army.
		As a part of the Rapid Reaction Force (RRF), the Spanish Legion is at the disposal of the Spanish government to be deployed wherever and whenever needed.
		The Standards of the Spanish Legion was paraded before the men, and as they sang 'El novio de la muerte' (The Sweetheart of Death), the Standards of the Spanish Legion were lowered in remembrance of the Spanish Legionnaires fallen in action.
	www.nato.int /kfor/chronicle/2001/nr_010415.htm (576 words)

	Migrants storm Spanish bulwark - World - The Washington Times, America's Newspaper (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Spanish police said that all of the people who scaled the fence were detained.
		Police and Spanish Legion troops have fired rubber bullets on their side of the border, while Moroccan security services wielding shotguns and rifles with fixed bayonets have enraged human rights groups.
		Spanish security forces have been playing a game of cat-and-mouse with the migrants as they patrol between the two tiers of fences fortified with sensor pads, movement detectors and infrared cameras.
	www.washingtontimes.com /world/20050927-101526-9648r.htm (491 words)

	"AXIS & FOREIGN LEGION MILITARIA
		In early July, a Spanish Military Commission was sent to the Reserve Headquarters in Berlin to discuss the structure and organization of the German Division.
		The town of Krasny Bor was defended by 5600 Spanish soldiers, which comprised of elements from the 262nd, 263rd and 269th regiments.
		Spanish representatives of the War Ministry in Madrid, authorized a special Spanish cachet to be used before 19 August 1941 for outgoing mail to the Eastern.
	axis101.bizland.com /SpanishFeldpost2.htm (1708 words)

	"AXIS & LEGION MILITARIA" - Axis & Legion Militaria
		This award was surmounted by a Spanish Crown, with its main feature being a Spanish Eagle with an enamel Iron Cross in the center, representative of the collaboration between the nations.
		The medal was presented to all Spanish Volunteers that fought in Russia.
		The Spanish War Cross was instituted on 14 March 1942 and awarded for distinguished acts or services that proved especially effective in the outcome of a battle or combat.
	axis101.bizland.com /SpanishAwards03.htm (1346 words)

	FREE In-depth report - Spanish Legion - Spain
		The Spanish Legion, founded in Morocco in 1920, has always been under the direct command of the chief of the army staff.
		As of 1987, the Spanish Legion was grouped into four tercios (sing., tercio), a unit intermediate between a regiment and a brigade, each commanded by a colonel.
		This force, which would include the Spanish Legion, the paratroop brigade, the airborne brigade, and Marine units, would be available for use in trouble spots on twelve hours' notice.
	www.exploitz.com /Spain-Spanish-Legion-cg.php (404 words)

	The Ghost Battalion: Spaniards in the Waffen-SS, 1944-1945 [Archive] - Military Photos
		By May 1944, when all Spanish soldiers and aviators were withdrawn from the Eastern Front and repatriated to Spain, losses in the Blue Division and Legion were high: 4,500 dead, 8,000 wounded, 7,800 sick, 1,600 frostbitten, and 300 prisoners, deserters, or missing: over 22,000 casualties out of the 47,000 total who fought in the division.
		A select group of spanish soldiers who fought in the first moment in the Moscow front the winter of 1941 were trained the next spring and parachuted behind the german lines as a partisan unit in Ucraine, and they got many achievements unknown in the west, not in Russia.
		The core of this spanish guerrilla were guerrilleros graduated in the Guerrilla School set up by Spanish Republic back in 1936-37, perhaps the first training center of this kind in west europe, and they followed their fight against fascism in Russia.
	www.militaryphotos.net /forums/archive/index.php/t-12027.html (4824 words)

	Blau Division
		The Spanish positions had now been consolidated apart from Pass which was still under Soviet attack and this forced the Spanish units in Schevelevo to return to the ruins there to relieve the beleaguered defenders.
		Positionally the Spanish sector near the River Ishora would be the main centre of attention for a Soviet attack and in anticipation of this the German 212th Division would be held in readiness to support the town of Krasny Bor if the need arose.
		The Blue Legion as it was known did gain the approval of Franco but he stated that it was not to exceed 1,500 men which meant again (as was the case with the initial recruitment for the Blau Division) that there was a surplus of volunteers.
	ostfront.topcities.com /blau-division.htm (5900 words)

	1939 - 45 Spanish Involvement in WWII
		The Blue Legion was modeled on a Tercio of the Spanish Foreign Legion.
		After the Blue Legion was withdrawn it became illegal for Spaniards to serve on the Axis side.
		Spanish fought with the Free French Troops and in the F.F.I. Mostly all the Spaniards that fought the Free French Army were in the 13eme Demi Brigade de la Legion Etrengere and they fought in Narvik, Ethiopia, Syria, North Africa (Bir Hakeim), Italy, France and Germany.
	www.balagan.org.uk /war/iberia/1939/index.htm (1620 words)

	Spanish experts see no Serbian genocide in Kosovo (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Spanish police and forensic experts have not found proof of Genocide in the North of Kosovo.
		I look forward to seeing what the final count will really be." The Spanish Mission which should now submit a report to the International War Crimes Tribunal in The Hague, left from Madrid in the beginning of the month of the August with the feeling that they were going on a road to hell.
		One of the members of the Spanish mission shed light on events in the Istok prison, bombed at the end of May by NATO planes.
	www.aeronautics.ru /nws001/emperorsclothes01.htm (1338 words)

	Pagina nueva 1
		One of the first orders of the Legion was that they where sent to Uad Lau to guard a road to Xauen under the command of Francisco Franco.
		The Legion fought fiercly against the Riff and was known for cruelty and bravery.
		In 1925 the Spanish attacked the Riff from the North and the French attacked from south.
	www.geocities.com /spanish_legion2001/history.htm (360 words)

	The "Blue Division"
		With the Legion now forming, the commander of the Spanish was announced; it would be General Augustin Muñoz Grandes.
		On October 10, 1941, the Spanish Legion saw its first action in the sector between Ilmen and the west bank of the Volkhov river and participated in a major offensive against Leningrad which took place four days later.
		A “Blue Legion” compromising 3,000 men was left behind, commanded by Colonel Navaho, and it was attached to 121st infantry Division.
	www.angelfire.com /nj/ww2/spanishvolunteers.html (1659 words)

	spanish4
		The Spanish scientists and policemen are correctly perceived as heroic for standing up and saying: the bombing of a prison by the U.S. Air Force is not a Serbian war crime.
		The Spanish forensic scientists speculate that the remaining cadavers were Albanian civilians killed by Serbian troops or police.
		The Spanish experts say the cadavers were found in individual graves, not mass graves.
	emperors-clothes.com /analysis/spanish.htm (2529 words)

	Legio VIIII Hispana
		Legio VIIII Hispana: one of the Roman legions.
		With the seventh, eighth and tenth legions, the Ninth was among the oldest units in the imperial Roman army.
		However, an inscription (CIL V.911) mentions a soldier of VIII Hispana in Pannonia during the reign of Augustus, and it is possible that the legion was in fact not stationed on the Rhine, but on the Danube or in Aquileia.
	www.livius.org /le-lh/legio/ix_hispana.html (1035 words)

	Spain
		In order to overcome this terrible advantage they now had, an increase in technology was needed (as is with every war) in order to nullify the rebellion's increased fire power and the fact that the rebellion now had more supporters each day because they had shown that Spain could be defeated.
		The Legion were among the finest soldiers in the world, and while they suffered, held, and scraped they way along in Africa, tanks were sought from England and France.
		Spanish armor forces had seen combat in the Rif War in the 1920s...
	mailer.fsu.edu /~akirk/tanks/spain/spain.html (1766 words)

	Spanish Cross of Honor
		The Spanish Cross (Spanienkreuz) was instituted on April 14th, 1939, to recognize those German Forces who served in the Spanish Civil War (July 1936- March 1939).
		Under the Spanish Cross he is wearing another Spanish decoration, possibly the Cross of War; the position is incorrect, it should be on the left tunic pocket.
		The award was a smaller version of the Spanish Cross with swords and it was produced from bronze or brass with a bronze wash. As with the Spanish Cross, the reverse was plain.
	www.wehrmacht-awards.com /campaign_awards/spanishcross/spanish_cross.htm (1107 words)

	Special Units For the Spanish Civil War
		Poor Italian troop performance was the first indicator that Italy's grandstanding Duce was merely "a paper tiger brandishing a tin sword." Italians enjoyed success against the poorly trained and equipped militias at the Battle of Málaga but performed disastrously at the Battle of Guadalajara, much to the enjoyment of both Republican and Nationalist Spaniards.
		The cooperation of Italian and German efforts in aiding the Spanish Nationalists was the cementing factor in the later Axis alliance between Germany and Italy.
		Loyalist regular army units could be found in the early stages of the war still in formation, though they were bled from desertion either to the Nationalists, or to Militia bands representing their local community and eventually were disbanded.
	www.santacruzchronicles.com /scw1.html (2387 words)

	FW: Spanish Civil War (Aerial) Timeline
		The Fiat CR 32 was widely regarded as the best fighter in the Spanish skies so the attraction was self-evident despite a clear antipathy between Italian and Spanish officials.
		The German Kondor Legion’s air unit is 36-48 He51s (JGr88), 48 Ju52s (KGr88), a seaplane sqdn, a recon sqdn (18x He70s), and an experimental sqdn.
		Republicans down to 40 aircraft for the Army of the Center; by the 3rd week, the full Republican air force is “3 sqdns of Natacho bombers, 2 sqdns of Katiuska (SB-2) bombers, 25 fighters.” The Nationalists have some 600 aircraft.
	world.std.com /~Ted7/tlspain.htm (938 words)

	Betrothed of Death: The Spanish Foreign Legion During the Rif Rebellion, 1920-1927, The Canadian Journal of History - ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Jose Alvarez's first book presents a regimental history of the Spanish Legion from 1920 to 1927 and provides important background material on the Moroccan military experience of General Francisco Franco, dictator of Spain, 1936-75.
		Major Franco, who began fighting in Morocco as lieutenant in 1912 and assumed the post of second in command of the newly-founded Spanish Foreign Legion in 1920, was a relentless field commander.
		Alvarez captures the spirit of the Spanish Legion in his title, The Betrothed of Death, a line taken from a song commissioned by its first commander, Lieutenant Colonel Millan in 1920.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3686/is_200212/ai_n9148292 (921 words)

	Spanish Legion - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Spanish Legion of the 1920s in a recruiting poster by Mariano Bertuchi.
		In 1934 both units of the Legion and the Regulares were brought to Spain by the new Republican Government to help put down a workers revolt in Asturias.
		The Legion's march step is faster than the Spanish military standard, 160-190 in contrast to the Army's 90 steps per minute.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Spanish_Legion (1277 words)

	Sky Joins The Spanish Legion \|Sky News\|World News
		The Spanish Legion has deployed to the South in the aftermath of last years Hizbollah/Israeli 34 day war.
		Spain's top military unit 'The Legion' is the country's only army outfit allowed to grow facial hair and, being soldiers on tour in remote areas, many do.
		A Spanish commander begged to differ saying they had intelligence that Al Qaeda had moved people into Lebanon and were considering hitting one of the European forces in the South.
	news.sky.com /skynews/article/0,,30200-13564014,00.html (687 words)

	Axis Allies and Foreign Legions
		A “Blue Legion” compromising 3,000 men was left behind, commanded by Colonel Navaro, and it was attached to 121st infantry Division.
		An honest assessment of the Spanish Volunteers would cast them in a favorable light, their fierce fighting abilities places them among the most successful foreign legions who fought for the Third Reich.
		The award presented to the legions was the “Erinnerungsmedaille für die Spanischen Freiwilligen’ im Kampf gegen den Bolschewismus”, or “Commemorative Medal for Spanish Volunteers in the Struggle against Bolshevism..
	www.wehrmacht-awards.com /related/axis_allies/blue_division.htm (1713 words)

	Francisco Franco Behamonde - biography and Hausser / Elastolin portrait figures
		He was named commander of the Spanish foreign legion in 1923.
		Franco became a national hero for his role in suppressing revolts in Morocco, and at the age of 33 he was made brigadier general.
		In February 1936 Franco was send to a command in the Canary Islands by the left wing Spanish government.
	www.toy-soldier-gallery.com /Articles/Franco/Franco.html (189 words)

	Viva la muerte!--A brief history of the Spanish foreign legion. - Sabretache \| Encyclopedia.com
		Viva la muerte!--A brief history of the Spanish foreign legion.
		In October 1975 King Hassan II of Morocco engineered a popular movement aimed at ousting the Spanish colonial power from Spanish Morocco and incorporating the colony into the Kingdom of Morocco.
		The world watched tensely as King Hassan's 250,000 unarmed "Green Marchers" approached the heavily mined border with the Spanish colony, intent on forcing Spain into an action that would lead to its condemnation in the eyes of the world.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1G1-144292970.html (157 words)

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