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	Second Spanish Republic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Second Spanish Republic (1931 – 1939) was the second and last period in Spanish history in which the election of both the positions of Head of State and Head of government were in the hands of the people.
		Spanish nationalists later pointed at this as an indication that left-wing republicans only supported democracy when they won elections, thus justifying a similar approach from the right.
		The Republic formally fell when General Franco and his troops took Madrid on April 1, 1939, with the assistance of Franco's "fifth column".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Second_Spanish_Republic (435 words)

	Second Spanish Republic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Second Spanish Republic (1931 – 1939) was the second period in Spanish history in which the election of both the positions of Head of State and Head of government were in the hands of the people.
		The Republic suffered a terrible crisis when General Franco and other army officers attempted a coup on 18 July 1936, which was the start of the Spanish Civil War.
		The Republic, militarily inferior to Franco's forces and dependent upon the assistance of "volunteer" Communist and anarchist militias, began to fall out of favor with some nations but received aid from others, most notably Stalin's USSR.
	www.bonneylake.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Second_Spanish_Republic (496 words)

	Second Spanish Republic
		The Second Spanish Republic (1931 - 1939) was the second period of Spanish history in which the power and state was dominated by the people.
		The Republic suffered a terrible crisis when General Francisco Franco attempted a coup on July 18th, 1936, the date when the Spanish Civil War began.
		The Republic began to lose respect from some nations, but got the protection of others, USSR for example.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/2n/2nd_Spanish_republic.html (186 words)

	Spanish-Republic Exiliates in World War II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The banner reads: "The Spanish Anti-Fascists Salute the Liberating Forces." According to P. Serge Choumoff, an historian and survivor of Mauthausen, this event was recreated at the request of General Eisenhower.
		Spanish Republicans at forced labor in the quarry at Mauthausen.
		Homage to the Spanish Republicans victims of Mauthausen.
	www.cs.berkeley.edu /~chema/republica/exilio.en.html (136 words)

	Encyclopedia: Second Spanish Republic
		After the disorders of the passage of the Vandals and Alans down the Mediterranean coast of Hispania from 409, the history of Medieval Spain begins with the Iberian kingdom of the Arian Visigoths (507 – 711), who were converted to Catholicism with their king Reccared in 587.
		Christian Democracy is a political ideology, born at the end of the 19th century, largely as a result of the papal encyclical Rerum Novarum of Pope Leo XIII, in which the Vatican recognizes workers misery and agrees that something should be done about it, in reaction to the rise of...
		Guernica or Guernica y Lumo (Basque Gernika-Lumo, pronounced in IPA [gernika]) is a small city in the Spanish Basque Country that was the meeting place of the Biscayne assembly under an oak tree, the Gernikako Arbola, which was a symbol of traditional freedoms of the Basque people.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Second-Spanish-Republic (2745 words)

	Spanish Republic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Franco declared Spain to be a monarchy, but did not permit a monarch until his death in 1975.
		Spain is not currently a republic; it is a constitutional monarchy.
		Occasional embarrassing errors in this regard may have been caused by the Spanish language title of the Prime Minister of Spain, Presidente del Gobierno (president of the government) sometimes shortened to Presidente (president).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Spanish_Republic (127 words)

	bowen/spanish
		While an interesting experiment, the Spanish government’s adoption of a nonaggressive foreign policy in the midst of a rearming Europe was unwise and dangerous, as evidenced by the ease with which it fell victim to a violent military uprising in 1936.
		Republic was declared in April 1931, replacing decades of dictatorship and liberal monarchy, a new utopian spirit entered Spanish politics, at least those of the Left.
		Spanish diplomats, speaking on behalf of the liberal monarchy then ruling in Madrid, participated in the founding of the League, and their nation gained an initial seat as one of the four non-permanent members of the Council, the executive body.
	www.mille.org /publications/winter2001/Bowen.html (2603 words)

	Second Spanish Republic - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The entry of three CEDA ministers into the government on 1 October 1934 led to armed rebellions by socialists and anarchists in Asturias and Catalonia on 6 October; Spanish nationalists later pointed at this as an indication that left-wing republicans only supported democracy when they won elections, thus justifying a similar approach from the right.
		The Republic suffered a terrible crisis when General Franco attempted a coup on 18 July 1936, which was the start of the Spanish Civil War.
		The Republic, militarily inferior to Franco's forces and dependant upon the assistance of Communist and anarchist militias, began to fall out of favor with some nations but received aid from others, most notably Stalin's USSR.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Second_Spanish_Republic (436 words)

	International Paintings and Sculpture \| Elegy to the Spanish Republic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The recurring motif that defines the Elegies to the Spanish Republic first appeared in 1948 in a pen and ink drawing by Motherwell which was intended to illustrate a poem by writer and critic Harold Rosenberg in the second (unpublished) issue of the periodical Possibilities.
		Elegy to the Spanish Republic 1958, which is uncharacteristically unnumbered, was probably painted in the second half of that year after the artist returned from Europe, perhaps with renewed commitment to the series.
		Elegy to the Spanish Republic 1958 is particularly interesting because it is the earliest of the Elegies in which the artist has used the acrylic paint, Magma, a brand invented by Leonard Bocour, which a number of major American artists experimented with in the late 1950s.
	www.nga.gov.au /International/Catalogue/Detail.cfm?IRN=187644&BioArtistIRN=22859&MnuID=SRCH&GalID=ALL (1128 words)

	Spanish civil war. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The second republic, proclaimed after the fall of the monarchy in 1931, was at first dominated by middle-class liberals and moderate socialists, among them Niceto Alcalá Zamora, Francisco Largo Caballero, and Manuel Azaña.
		For the Spanish people the civil war was an encounter whose huge toll of lives and material devastation were unparalleled in centuries of Spanish history.
		See F. Borkenau, The Spanish Cockpit (1937); G. Orwell, Homage to Catalonia (1938); G. Brenan, The Spanish Labyrinth (1943); H. Thomas, The Spanish Civil War (1961); R. Rosenstone, Crusade of the Left (1969); R. Carr, ed., The Republic and the Civil War in Spain (1971); G. Jackson, The Spanish Republic and the Civil War (1965).
	www.bartleby.com /65/sp/Spanciv.html (859 words)

	Dominican Republic article - Dominican Republic Spanish representative democracy Caribbean Hispaniola Haiti - ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Dominican Republic is a Spanish-speaking representative democracy located on the eastern portion of the Caribbean island of Hispaniola, bordering Haiti.
		The Dominican Republic is known for a form of music called merengue, which has been popular since the mid- to late-1800s.
		Dominican impressions: The Enchantment of the Dominican Republic.
	www.what-means.com /encyclopedia/Dominican_Republic (402 words)

	Second Spanish Republic (1931-1939)
		The flag of the Second Spanish Republic (1931-39) was a tricolour (red, yellow and purple) in horizontal stripes of the same dimension, unlike the traditional red-yellow-red Spanish flag, with a shield in the middle.
		The purple colour is inspired in the second quarter of the Spanish arms (both republican and monarchist), Leon (argent a lion purpure).
		The Spanish Red Cross flag, adopted 2 June 1933 was the same [as es-1931s.gif] in ratio 1:1, but the stripes in proportions 1:2:1.
	lacucaracha.info /scw/flags/es-1931.html (1148 words)

	A Desperate Democracy Disregarded - foreign intervention if the Spanish Civil War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In 1936, the Spanish Army, stationed in Morocco under the leadership of fascist General Francisco Franco, finally rebelled against the new republic (Fraser 588).
		The main reason, though, that the Spanish Republic lost the civil war of 1936-1939 was because the United States, Great Britain, and France remained neutral while Germany and Italy sent massive aid to the fascist rebellion.
		In a three year epic struggle that cost over one million lives, the Spanish Republic lost the Civil War and Spain was deprived of freedom for several decades afterwards.
	flag.blackened.net /revolt/spain/intervention.html (2341 words)

	Chapter 25: A History of Spain and Portugal, vol. 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The severity of the Spanish agrarian problem was recognized by nearly all political groups, including some conservatives, and agrarian reform was accepted by most as a foregone conclusion.
		The case was referred to the Spanish supreme court, which ruled that until national norms [637] governing revision of rental contracts were determined by legislation pending in the Spanish parliament, the Catalan bill was unconstitutional.
		The other was the rise of the hitherto minuscule Spanish Communist party and the "bolshevization" of the bulk of the Socialist movement, a movement directly opposite to the broad cooperative trend of the moderate left.
	libro.uca.edu /payne2/payne25.htm (5799 words)

	The Spanish Republic at War 1936—1939 - Cambridge University Press
		This is a new and comprehensive analysis of the forces of the Spanish left - interpreted broadly - during the civil war of 1936—9, and the first of its kind for more than thirty years.
		First, that the wartime responses (and limitations) of the Spanish left - republicans, socialists, communists and anarcho-syndicalists - can be understood only in relation to their pre-war experiences, world views, organisational structures and the wider Spanish context of acute uneven development which had moulded their organisations over previous decades.
		Second, that the overarching influence that shaped the evolution of the Republic between 1936 and 1939 was the war itself: the book explores the complex, cumulative effects of a civil war fought under the brutally destabilising conditions of an international arms embargo.
	www.cambridge.org /catalogue/print.asp?isbn=0521453143&print=y (449 words)

	First Spanish Republic
		The Republican leaders planned the establishment of a federal republic, but did not declare it immediately, and instead planned a Constituent Cortes to write a federal constitution.
		The Radicals preferred a unitary republic, and once the republic had been declared the two parties turned against each other; initially the Radicals were largely driven from power, joining those who had already been driven out by the revolution of 1868 or by the Carlist War.
		Carlist forces managed to expand the territory under their control to the greatest extent in early 1874, though a series of defeats by the republic's northern army in the second half of the year might have led to the end of the war had it not been for bad weather.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/f/fi/first_spanish_republic.html (418 words)

	Second Spanish Republic -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The (Click link for more info and facts about First Spanish Republic) First Spanish Republic was from 1873 – 1874.
		The Second Republic began on 14 April 1931 after the abdication of King (Click link for more info and facts about Alfonso XIII) Alfonso XIII, following local and municipal elections in which republican candidates won the majority of votes in (Click link for more info and facts about urban) urban areas.
		The (Click link for more info and facts about Straperlo) Straperlo (A disgraceful event) scandal undermined the confidence in (A person who takes a position in the political center) centrist republican parties and led to (The phenomenon in which waves of light or other radiation are restricted in direction of vibration) polarization.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/se/second_spanish_republic.htm (320 words)

	Spanish Travel - Phrases, Pictures, & Books
		That's because the Spanish ruled for about 200 years, ending in 1968.
		A recent oil boom has given this NW African country one of the most robust economies in the region, even though little of that money seems to make it very far beyond the hands of the government officials.
		Since you're already familiar with the themes (assuming you keep up on current events...) it will help you to understand more of the vocabulary, even if the words are new to you.
	www.spanish.bz /travel.htm (189 words)

	Commentary Magazine - The Spanish Republic and the Civil War, 1931-1939, by Gabriel Jackson; and A Poet's War: British ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Spanish Republic and the Civil War, 1931-1939, by Gabriel Jackson; and A Poet's War: British Poets and the Spanish Civil War, by Hugh D. Ford
		A more accurate date would be July 17, 1936, when the garrisons of Ceuta, Melilla, and Tetuan rose in rebellion against the Spanish government, or July 19th, when a majority of the people proved by armed resistance their loyalty to the Republic.
		...The Republic established in April of 1931, when municipal elections convinced Alfonso XIII that he had lost the trust of the people, was essentially Liberal (in the classic sense) with strong support from the right-wing Socialists under Julian Besteiro and Indalecio Prieto...
	www.commentarymagazine.com /Summaries/V40I2P80-1.htm (1882 words)

	The Nation, 01/06/1945 - Future of the Spanish Republic by Negrin, Juan
		The author says that he did not present his views previously because he wanted to center his attention on the struggle against the Axis, on the outcome of which the destiny of Spain depends as much as that of any other country.
		Spanish people were prevented from mixing in it because there was still that strange determination to go on ignoring the true character and meaning of the Spanish conflict.
		Now, if the Spanish Republic were a totalitarian regime, there would be no disagreements...
	www.nationarchive.com /Summaries/v160i0001_06.htm (2058 words)

	idiomas & aventuras - Study spanish in the Dominican Republic / Learn spanish in the Dominican Republic
		The Dominican Republic lies in the eastern part of the island Hispanola, sharing it with neigbour Haiti.
		Columbus landed here in 1492 and made the island to one of the first centres of spanish culture and law in Latin America.
		The Dominican Republic is nowadays very famous for diving and bathing.
	www.study-spanish.com /laender/domrep.html (209 words)

	Spanish Civil War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The outcome of the Spanish Civil War altered the balance of power in Europe, tested the military power of Germany and Italy, and pushed ER "away from the peace movement and into the ranks of the anti-fascists" fighting for democracy.
		In 1931, the Spanish monarchy fell and was replaced by a democratically elected government dedicated to major social reforms.
		She arranged for ER to see The Spanish Earth, a documentary detailing the horrors of the German attacks on civilian populations and the vast imbalance of wealth in Spain.
	www.gwu.edu /~erpapers/abouteleanor/q-and-a/glossary/spanish-civil-war.htm (784 words)

	The Spanish Civil War: An Overview--by Cary Nelson
		Viewed internally, on the other hand, the Spanish Civil War was the culmination of a prolonged period of national political unrest—unrest in a country that was increasingly polarized and repeatedly unable to ameliorate the conditions of terrible poverty in which millions of its citizens lived.
		Like the perspective of Spanish soldiers in the field, the Lincolns' view of the war was thus quite different from that of those Spanish nationals who were occupied with political struggles in Madrid and Barcelona.
		It was to prove the single worst blow against the Republic in nearly two years of war, for on April 15 the rebels reached the Mediterranean and cut the Republic in two.
	www.english.uiuc.edu /maps/scw/overview.htm (3986 words)

	Twilight of New Spanish Texas
		Upon suggestion by Spanish envoy to the USA, Luis de Onís, Lallemand attempted to obtain permission to establish a colony in New Spanish Texas from the Viceroy, but he was refused permission to land anywhere in New Spain.
		Ripley was invited by Long's Supreme Council of the Republic of Texas to become President and ex-officio Commander in Chief of the armies and navies.
		Martinez and obviously both realistic conservatives and liberal visionaries in the new Republic of Mexico became convinced that legal and controlled immigration was the inevitable means to secure Texas as the continuing buffer zone against USA expansion and to develop Texas economically, culturally and politically.
	www.tamu.edu /ccbn/dewitt/Spain3.htm (4206 words)

	Spanish Translation - Translate Spanish Language Translator
		After that, Spain was briefly a Republic, from 1871 to 1873, year in which a series of coups reinstalled the monarchy.
		The 20th century initially brought little peace; colonisation of Western Sahara, Spanish Morocco and Equatorial Guinea was attempted as a substitute for the loss of the Americas.
		With increasing political polarisation and pressure from all sides, coupled with growing and unchecked violence, the Republic ended with the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in July 1936.
	www.translation-services-usa.com /languages/spanish.shtml (1277 words)

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