| | Ośrodek Myśli Politycznej - The Formation of Spanish Identity and Its Adjustment to the Age of Nations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14) |
 | | The Spanish state was in a chronic political crisis, its legitimacy being constantly questioned during a period of at least seventy years (1808-1875): from Liberal to autocratic periods, from one dynasty to another, from a monarchical constitution to a republican one, from a unitary Republic to a federal one. |
 | | Proposals of transformation of the Spanish "way of being" (forcing the Spanish people to acquire pragmatic values, industriousness, love of science) were advanced; this is what was meant by the "Europeanization" of the country (a word still widely used in the Spanish political vocabulary). |
 | | Both central and peripheral nationalisms are relatively recent phenomena, the Spanish one basically created in the early nineteenth century and its contenders almost one hundred years later, although both think of their referential national entities as very old, almost eternal, realities. |
| www.omp.org.pl /junco.htm (7018 words) |