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	First World War.com - Feature Articles - The Bloodhounds of Berlin
		The Spartacists were further to the left of the USPD; their core support was small and based in the working class slums.
		The Spartacists claimed Ebert had organised the putsch and then, having seen the lack of troops, backed off disclaiming all knowledge of events – that the investigation into the massacre was suspiciously halted points towards SPD foul-play somewhere along the line.
		The Spartacists tried to reply with their own machine guns, but once registered, were promptly obliterated by the Freikorps' overwhelming firepower.
	www.firstworldwar.com /features/bloodhounds.htm (4388 words)

	Spartacist League (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Spartacist League or Spartakusbund was an extreme left-wing movement in Germany during and just after World War I. It was named after Spartacus, leader of the largest slave rebellion in the classical period.
		In January 1919 the KPD attempted to take control of Berlin in what came to be known as the Spartakus uprising, against the advice of Luxemburg and Liebknecht.
		The uprising was crusheed by the combined forces of the SPD, the remnants of the German Army, and the right-wing paramilitary groups known as the Freikorps.
	bopedia.com /en/wikipedia/s/sp/spartacist_league.html (344 words)

	Spartacist uprising - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Spartacist uprising, also known as the January uprising, was a general strike (and the armed battles accompanying it) in Germany from January 5 to January 12, 1919.
		The name Spartacist uprising is generally used for the event even though neither the Spartacist League nor the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) initiated or led the uprising and only participated after it had already begun.
		The uprising began after the January 4 discharge of the Berlin Chief of Police Emil Eichhorn, a member of the Independent Social Democratic Party (USPD) by the Rat der Volksbeauftragten, whose politics were mainly controlled by Friedrich Ebert from the Social Democratic Party (SPD) since the USPD left the committee December 29, 1918.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Spartacist_uprising (610 words)

	Britain.tv Wikipedia - Karl Liebknecht
		Born in Leipzig, Karl Liebknecht was the son of Wilhelm Liebknecht, one of the founders of the Social Democratic Party of Germany.
		Liebknecht was arrested and sent to the eastern front during World War I for the group's echoing of Russian Bolsheviks' arguments for a Proletarian Revolution; refusing to fight, he served burying the dead, and due to his rapidly deteriorating health was allowed to return to Germany in October 1915.
		The uprising was brutally opposed by the new German government under Friedrich Ebert with the help of the remnants of the Imperial German Army and freelance right-wing militias called the Freikorps; by January 13, the uprising had been extinguished.
	www.britain.tv /wikipedia.php?title=Karl_Liebknecht (736 words)

	Spartacists - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		The Spartacists, lead by Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, were a group of radical socialists who...
		The Spartacists, lead by Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, were a group of radical socialists...
		Spartacists wanted to break the power of the rich; Wanted the workers to take control of land and industry; Ebert wanted this too, but wanted it to happen gradually by voting; Spartacists feared that this...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Spartacists.html (207 words)

	The Spartacist Uprising
		Rather, it means using all instruments of political power to achieve socialism, to expropriate the capitalist class, through and in accordance with the will of the revolutionary majority of the proletariat.
		On January 1st, 1919, members of the Spartacist movement rose in an attempted revolution.
		Initially this move was opposed by both Liebnecht and Luxemburg, the leaders of the movement.
	www.schoolshistory.org.uk /ASLevel_History/spartacistuprising.htm (554 words)

	Spartacist - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Spartacists (German, Spartakusbund), group of revolutionary German socialists formed in 1916 by Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht.
		Publishers of Workers' Vanguard and The Spartacist, the ICL is organised as the Spartacist League in several countries and the Trotskyist League/Lige Trotskyiste in Canada and France.
		The German Revolution began on 29th October 1918, when sailors at Kiel refused to obey orders and engage in battle with the British Navy.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Spartacist.html (201 words)

	Spartacist uprising
		The Spartacist uprising, also known as the January uprising, was a general strike (and the; armed battles accompanying it) in Germany from January 5 to January 12, 1919.
		The name Spartacist uprising is generally used for the event even though neither the Spartacist League nor the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) initiated or led the uprising and only participated after it had already begun.
		The uprising began after the January 4 discharge of the Berlin Chief of Police Emil Eichhorn, a member of the Independent Social Democratic Party (USPD) by the Rat der Volksbeauftragten, whose politics were mainly controlled by Friedrich Ebert from the Social Democratic Party (SPD) since the USPD left the committee December 29, 1918.
	www.ekenjy.co.za /wiki/Spartacist_uprising (641 words)

	LUXEMBURG, ROSA. The Columbia Encyclopedia: Sixth Edition. 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Opposing the SPD’s support for the war, she formed the German Spartacus party with Karl Liebknecht.
		In protective custody during much of the war and released in 1918 upon the outbreak of the German revolution, she aided in the transformation of the Spartacists into the German Communist party and edited its organ, Rote Fahne.
		For their part in the Spartacist uprising in Berlin, she and Liebknecht were arrested (Jan., 1919).
	www.bartleby.com /aol/65/lu/LuxemburR.html (244 words)

	Karl Liebknecht - Wikinfo
		Karl Liebknecht (August 13, 1871 - January 15, 1919) was a German socialist and a co-founder of the Spartacist League and the Communist Party of Germany.
		Born in Leipzig, he was the son of Wilhelm Liebknecht, one of the founders of the Social Democratic Party of Germany.
		On November 9, Liebknecht declared the forming of the "freie sozialistische Republik" (free socialist republic) from a balcony of the Berlin castle, two hours after Philipp Scheidemann's declaration of the "German republic" from a balcony of the Reichstag; on December 31 1918 / January 1 1919, he was involved in the founding of the KPD.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Karl_Liebknecht (1165 words)

	Germany
		The outcome of the uprising was that the leader of the SPD, Erbert, took power, and his colleague Scheidemann unilaterally declared Germany a republic, in a bid to appease the rebels by ending the rule of the German aristocracy.
		The November uprisings had been a reaction to hardship and tyranny, not a coherent wish to establish socialism.
		The bloody defeat of the putsch and the uprisings showed how violence, especially by a minority, is suicidal against an existing organised state.
	www.worldsocialism.org /spgb/nov98/germrev.html (1376 words)

	Communist Party of Germany - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Left-wing members of the party, led by Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg, bitterly opposed the war, and the SPD soon suffered a split, with the lefists forming the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD) and the more radical Spartacist League.
		During the failed Spartacist Uprising in Berlin of January 1919, Liebknecht and Luxemburg were killed.
		The party then split into two factions, the KPD and the Communist Workers Party of Germany (KAPD), both proclaiming loyalty to the Communist International in Moscow.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/KPD (1320 words)

	Spartacist - The Uprising of 1919 and the Crisis of the German
		Spartacist - The Uprising of 1919 and the Crisis of the German
		uprising The uprising, also known as the January uprising, was a general strike (and the armed battles accompanying it) in.
		The Uprising of 1919 and the Crisis of the German
	findoutsite.com /fos/spartacist.htm (394 words)

	Political Instability? 1919 - 1923
		The government could not be sure of support from the army, though much of the officer corps had not joined the uprising, nor could he utilise the Freikorps as had been done with success against the Spartacist's On this occasion ebert turned to the ordinary people and called for a General Strike.
		Sensing the weakness of the Weimar Government and seeing the turmoil that the country was in he decided to stage the uprising using supporters of the nazi Party.
		An excellent overview of the Spartacist Uprising and the way in which it was dealt with by the government.
	www.schoolshistory.org.uk /ASLevel_History/week5_1919to1923.htm (2288 words)

	Spartacist uprising
		Spartacist uprising is one of the topics in focus at Global Oneness.
		He then became a member of a Soldiers' Council that participated in the aborted socialist Spartacist uprising, which was ultimately crushed by the forces of the Weimar Republic.
		The central part of Karl Marx's communist theory is historical materialism, a methodology for studying history using dialectical reasoning which concludes that human society has grown or evolved through several historical stages due to the contradictions inherent in each stage, with each transition to the next stage involving the overthrow of the existing socioeconomic order.
	www.experiencefestival.com /spartacist_uprising (882 words)

	The National Archives \| Exhibitions & Learning online \| First World War \| Glossary
		Senussi revolt Uprising against the Allies in Italian Libya by the Senussi tribesmen, begun in November 1915 and supported by the Turks.
		Scene of perhaps the most infamous and bloody campaign of the First World War: the Battle of the Somme (July-November 1916), in which 415,000 British and 650,000 German troops were killed.
		Spartacist uprising Abortive Communist uprising in Berlin in January 1919, led by Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg.
	nationalarchives.gov.uk /pathways/firstworldwar/glossary/glossary_s.htm (874 words)

	Anniversary of the murder of Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg
		The murder was the finishing act in the Spartacist Uprising, one of the most important chapters in the history of interwar Germany, and one of the defeats of the German proletariat which helped prepare the rise to power of the Nazis.
		At the time there was a state of dual power in Germany, one power being that of the bourgeois government, operated mainly through the SPD leaders, and the other that of the workers' Soviets which expressed the possibility of a socialist transformation of society by the working class.
		Partly because of the lack of Leninist organizational party norms, the Uprising was a failure, and the two were jailed, and later murdered by the Freikorps.
	www.marxist.com /murder-liebknecht-rosa-luxemburg160106-6.htm (559 words)

	Eberlein: Our organisation
		Only few days later came the 'Spartacist' uprising; Luxemburg, Liebknecht and later Jogiches were murdered and the party was made illegal.
		All the main reports were made by members of the Central of the Spartacist league, but in the discussions also former members of the IKD (Internationale Kommunisten Deutschlands/International Communists of Germany) took part.
		I only mention this in order to show that also the form of organization of the Spartacist league in the way it has been until now, cannot form the basis of the new organization, which shall be made.
	www.kurasje.org /arkiv/3900t.htm (3817 words)

	The Constitution of the Weimar Republic
		In December the left wing Spartacist group held a demonstration that had to be suppressed by use of armed forces.
		In January this group again threatened the fledging government, as the Spartacist Uprising occurred.
		Following the successful defeat of the Spartacists elections were held across Germany for the National Assembly.
	www.schoolshistory.org.uk /ASLevel_History/week2_theweimarconsitution.htm (1514 words)

	Reiter gen Osten: Geschichte der deutschen Freikorps 1918 - 1923 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		On January 5, the Spartacist Uprising began when the KPD called for demonstrations to protest the government's firing of Emil Eichorn, the Leftist Police Commissioner of Berlin.
		When the Spartacist attempted to surrender by raising the white flag, no quarters were given and the attack continued until the Spartacists were killed to the last man. On January 11, another vicious battle was fought for the police station on the Alexanderplatz.
		This led to the defeat of the armed Spartacists, and the union leadership announced the end of the General Strike.
	www.reitergenosten.de /englisch/englisch.htm (5483 words)

	Spencer
		Luxemburg was not an avowed anarchist, but her theoretical criticisms of the Bolshevik revolution in Russia and her practical involvement in the spontaneous Spartacist uprising in Germany in 1919 indicate an anarchist disposition.
		While Luxemburg supported the need for party leaders and organization to guide revolutions according to the historical science of dialectical materialism, she also posited that the revolutionary moment cannot be predicted and instead can only occur spontaneously as an expression of the people's will.
		From Lenin's associate Grigori Zinoviev onwards, Luxemburg's views on spontaneous revolution have been castigated as counter-revolutionary nonsense, and the contrast between the success of the Soviet revolution and the failure of the Spartacist uprising has been cited by Marxists to destroy the legitimacy of anarchist tendencies within radical groups.
	www.ags.uci.edu /~clcwegsa/revolutions/Spencer.htm (1884 words)

	Karl Liebknecht - Politicians - German Archive: Karl Liebknecht (August 13, 1871 - January 15, 1919) was a German ...
		Born in Leipzig, he was the son of Wilhelm Liebknecht, one of the founders of the Social Democratic Party of Germany and a Jew.
		Liebknecht was arrested and sent to the eastern front during World War I for the group's echoing of Russian Bolsheviks' arguments for a Proletarian Revolution; refusing to fight, he served burying the dead, and due to his rapidly deteriorating health was allowed to return to Germany in October 1915.
		The uprising was brutally opposed by the new German government under Friedrich Ebert with the help of the remnants of the Imperial German Army and freelance right-wing militias called the Freikorps; by January 13, the uprising had been extinguished.
	www.germannotes.com /archive/article.php?products_id=872&osCsid=ff73d2986ae72a2f034d1712485b7fbc (731 words)

	Casino portal \| information about Casino online \| Spartacist_uprising (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		See Spartacist League (modern) for the group currently named the Spartacist League.
		The League was named after Spartacus, leader of the largest slave rebellion of the Roman Republic.
		The uprising was easily crushed by the government of the new Weimar Republic.
	www.noadscasino.com /?u=/Spartacist_uprising (785 words)

	Tranny Surprise
		In 'The Junius Pamphlet' (1916), written under the pseudonym of Junius, she argued that the choice of Socialism or Barbarism is a world-historical turning point which demands resolute action by the proletariat.
		However, tranny surprise participated reluctantly in the Spartacist uprising in Berlin against the government.
		The uprising, which failed, was a defining moment among others for Adolf Hitler.
	sexytrannysurprise.com /2005/10/during-world-war-i-tranny-surprise.html (161 words)

	KPD
		The leftists, led by Rosa Luxemburg and the Spartacist League, formed the KPD in December 1918.
		But the Social Democrat leaders, who had come to power after the fall of the old regime, were diametrically opposed to revolutionary socialism and brought in the army to suppress the workers.
		During the failed Spartacist Uprising in Berlin of January 1919, Liebknecht and Luxemburg were killed.
	en.filepoint.de /info/KPD (1322 words)

	New Hampshire IMC: HONOR ROSA LUXEMBURG-THE ROSE OF THE REVOLUTION
		Yes, there were political differences between the organizations, particularly over the critical question for both the Polish and Russian parties of the correct approach to the right of national self-determination, but the need for a hard organization does not appear to be one of them.
		Her tragic fate, murdered with the complicity of her former Social Democratic comrades, after the defeated Spartacist uprising in Berlin in 1919 (at the same time as her comrade, Karl Liebknecht), had causes related to the smallness of the group, its political immaturity and indecisiveness than in its spontaneousness.
		And she died at her post later in the Spartacist fight doing her internationalist duty trying to lead the German socialist revolution the success of which would have gone a long way to saving the Russian Revolution.
	nhindymedia.org /newswire/display/3962/index.php (1235 words)

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