Spawn (biology) - Factbites

Spawn (biology) - Factbites
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Topic: Spawn (biology)

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In the News (Thu 24 Dec 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Evolutionary Theory Developing: The Problem(s) With 'Darwin's Dangerous Idea'
		Bertalanffy (1968) considered the resolution of this problem to be one of the most fundamental to all biology, and Lorenz (1973), one of the founders of evolutionary episemology, wrote that the aspect of life "most in need of explanation, is that, in apparent contradiction to the laws of probability, it seems to develop from...
		Another problem with the idea that living things die while replicators persist, the case of the salmon swimming upstream to spawn being an exemplar for Dennett, is that it is premised on the erroneous anachronistic view that life at its core is eukaryotic.
		In addition to an assumption of the incommensurability between living things and their universal context or between biology and physics, one of the major shortcomings of Darwinian theory is its failure to address cultural evolution.
	www.entropylaw.com /DANGTEXTPASTE.html

	Research Stories
		The short-finned eel is believed to spawn in the Coral Sea, but little is known about the life cycle and biology of either Australian species.
		Professor de Silva is also studying basic aspects of eel biology, including changes in the fatty acid composition of the fish's flesh as it changes from glass eel through elver to adult.
		The adults may reach a length of metre and weigh up to 5kg before migrating to sea, where they spawn once, then die.
	www.research.deakin.edu.au /performance/pubs/reports/database/dynamic/stories/research_story.php?s=6 (749 words)

	Survey Document #2149
		Muskellunge and northern pike are closely related, popular midwestern sport fish that have recently become "reproductively challenged." Historically, muskellunge and northern pike moved to shallow waters during the early spring months to spawn.
		C (the spawning temperature for muskellunge and northern pike) and the light was on a 12:12 cycle -- 12 hours of light and 12 hours of darkness.
		Even though both fish spawn at the same time and in the same general manner, muskellunge prefer to lay their nonadhesive eggs in highly ventilated, well-oxygenated areas of water (i.e., lotic or riverlike environments), whereas northern pike prefer to lay their adhesive eggs in marshy or swampy areas of water (i.e., lentic or lakelike environments).
	www.inhs.uiuc.edu /chf/pub/surveyreports/mar-apr95/page8.html (770 words)

	Salmon, Steelhead, and Halibut Biology & Life History
		Steelhead may venture as far inland as 1000 miles to spawn, however, most are found nearer the ocean waters.
		Some steelhead are able to spawn three or four times during their lifetimes...
		Returning steelhead fresh out of ocean carry a blue-black spotted back with silver sides and a alabaster belly (we refer to these fish as 'two-tone cruisers', or 'chromers') with fish that spend time in the river returning to the traditional colors of a rainbow trout.
	www.piscatorialpursuits.com /wafish.htm (770 words)

	Quorum sensing research
		The ability of bacterial cells to communicate with one another and thus spawn disease and develop resistance to antibiotics is the focus of a four-year research grant by USC scientists in public health and chemistry.
		While much is known about the biology and molecular biology of quorum sensing, a real ‘black box’ exists in understanding the chemistry of this process.
		The intricate chemistry of quorum sensing relates to the spread of disease, the resistance of infections in medicine, and the recently discovered high diversity of bacteria within certain natural environments.
	www.sc.edu /usctimes/articles/2005-08/quorum_sensing.html (503 words)

	Research Stories - Export Opportunity For Eel Farmers
		The short-finned eel is believed to spawn in the Coral Sea, but little is known about the life cycle and biology of either Australian species.
		Professor de Silva is also studying basic aspects of eel biology, including changes in the fatty acid composition of the fish's flesh as it changes from glass eel through elver to adult.
		As the glass eels develop pigment, they are called elvers, and the elvers grow into adult eels that grow slowly for between 5 and 25 years in rivers and lakes.
	www.research.deakin.edu.au /research_stories/research_story.php?s=6 (503 words)

	Fishery Bulletin: Reproductive biology of cobia, Rachycentron canadum, from coastal waters of the southern United States
		Limited information on the reproductive biology of cobia from the southern United States includes descriptions of the eggs, larvae, and juveniles from Chesapeake Bay (Joseph et al., 1964), North Carolina (Hassler and Rainville, 1975), and the northern Gulf of Mexico (Ditty and Shaw, 1992).
		Although spawning frequencies were not significantly different among areas (P=0.07), cobia from the southeastern United States and north-central Gulf of Mexico were estimated to spawn once every 5 days, whereas cobia from the western Gulf of Mexico were estimated to spawn once every 9 to 12 days.
		The most comprehensive information on cobia reproduction to date provides a detailed description of the gonadal maturation and spawning season for cobia from the north-central Gulf of Mexico (Lotz et al., 1996) and furnishes evidence that cobia are multiple, or batch spawners.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0FDG/is_1_99/ai_73023315 (1432 words)

	DIRECTORY - BIOLOGY NOTHOTSUGA - SCIENCE AND BIOLOGY NOTHOTSUGA
		Ahuman are a Rock, Metal, Funk three car pile up with no survivors, weaving in and out, up and down between the melodic and the downright heavy, never losing the composure that has seen them spawn such future classics as epic set ender "21 Sins".
		DIRECTORY - BIOLOGY NOTHOTSUGA - SCIENCE AND BIOLOGY NOTHOTSUGA
	www.themusichype.com /dir/Science/Biology/Flora_and_Fauna/Plantae/Coniferophyta/Pinaceae/Nothotsuga (117 words)

	Global Warming Could Help Greenback Cutthroat Trout
		Greenbacks, which are federally listed as endangered, tend to prefer cooler water, but the colder temperatures cause hatchlings to have fewer days to accumulate fat stores because they spawn in the spring.
		In 1969, Robert Behnke, professor of fishery and wildlife biology, and his associates discovered a small population of greenbacks in a creek west of Boulder, Colo. Until this discovery, the fish was believed to be extinct for the past 30 years.
		The time of year in which they spawn allows other species of trout to overtake their habitats.
	unisci.com /stories/20014/1130015.htm (501 words)

	EPA > National Estuary Program > About Estuaries
		As transition zones between land and water, estuaries are invaluable laboratories for scientists and students, providing countless lessons in biology, geology, chemistry, physics, history, and social issues (1).
		And many species of fish and shellfish rely on the sheltered waters of estuaries as protected places to spawn, giving them the nickname "nurseries of the sea." Hundreds of marine organisms, including most commercially valuable fish species, depend on estuaries at some point during their development (1).
		Although influenced by the tides, estuaries are protected from the full force of ocean waves, winds, and storms by the reefs, barrier islands, or fingers of land, mud, or sand that define an estuary's seaward boundary.
	www.epa.gov /owow/estuaries/about1.htm (1217 words)

	EPA > National Estuary Program > About Estuaries
		As transition zones between land and water, estuaries are invaluable laboratories for scientists and students, providing countless lessons in biology, geology, chemistry, physics, history, and social issues (1).
		And many species of fish and shellfish rely on the sheltered waters of estuaries as protected places to spawn, giving them the nickname "nurseries of the sea." Hundreds of marine organisms, including most commercially valuable fish species, depend on estuaries at some point during their development (1).
		Although influenced by the tides, estuaries are protected from the full force of ocean waves, winds, and storms by the reefs, barrier islands, or fingers of land, mud, or sand that define an estuary's seaward boundary.
	www.epa.gov /owow/estuaries/about1.htm (1217 words)

	Brazilian Journal of Biology - *Temporal and spatial patterns on serra, Scomberomorus brasiliensis (Teleostei, Scombridae), catches from the fisheries on the Maranhão coast, Brazil*
		However, the scarcity of ripe running or spent females in the catches from both regions (Gesteira, 1972; Menezes, 1976; Sturm, 1978) indicate that spawn occurred outside these grounds, probably in deeper waters as was already observed for other Scombrids of the Western Atlantic Ocean (Gorbunova and Salabarria, 1968).
		Scombrids typically migrate long distances for feeding and reproduction purposes (Moyle and Cech Jr., 1982; Collette and Russo, 1984).
		In the State of Ceará (Northeast Brazil), scombrid abundance is greater from October to March (transition from wet to dry season) (Fonteles-Filho, 1968; Costa and Paiva, 1969).
	www.scielo.br /scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-69842001000400003 (1217 words)

	Omega-News: Dead Squid Wash Up in California Again
		Even if scientists cannot discover why the squid are washing up ashore, they hope to learn about the mollusks' diet, where they spawn and the biology of their beaks.
		Scientists believe the squid are swimming north from Mexico to follow food sources, forcing them to come closer to the surface and shore.
		The squid were found on the sands of Laguna Beach, Newport Beach and Crystal Cove State Park.
	omega.twoday.net /stories/579166 (1217 words)

	squid on Encyclopedia.com
		A note on the successful use of ROVs to obtain basic fisheries biology data.
		Does the California market squid (Loligo opalescens) spawn naturally during the day or at night?
		Ontogeny of copepod predation in juvenile squid (Liligo opalescens).
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/s1/squid.asp (866 words)

	Puget Sound Shorelines: Species - Surf Smelt
		Surf smelt biology, fishing, spawning stocks, and habitat issues.
		Surf smelt spawn in the upper intertidal zones of mixed sand and gravel beaches, generally within a few feet of the high tide line.
		Surf smelt spawning beaches are often located at the heads of bays or inlets shaded by trees and bluffs.
	www.ecy.wa.gov /programs/sea/pugetsound/species/smelt.html (634 words)

	marine biology on Encyclopedia.com
		Patrick J. Walsh, professor of marine biology and fisheries at the University of Miami, holds a breeding sea slug on Wednesday, December 10, 2003.
		Wild winter steelhead have returned to spawn in surpri
		Peter Benchley, author of "Jaws," is the spokesmen for the Center for Sustainable Fisheries and was aboard the University of Miami's research vessel on Friday, June 29, 2001.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/m1/marinebi.asp (1259 words)

	MBL :: Inside the MBL :: News :: Press Releases
		The Marine Biological Laboratory, located in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, is an independent scientific institution, founded in 1888, that undertakes the highest level of creative research and education in biology, including the biomedical and environmental sciences.
		Although small numbers of the sunfish already live in some cranberry bogs, Mebane says, spawning in captivity is needed to produce enough fish to survive and grow to a size that they can then be sold and transported.
		Mebane’s team at the MBL team promptly figured out how to accelerate the sunfish’s spawning.
	www.mbl.edu /inside/what/news/press_releases/2003/2003_pr_9_18.html (2474 words)

	New Jersey Scuba Diver - Marine Biology - Oceanic Basses & Porgies
		Within river systems striped bass spend the major part of the year in the lower estuaries, moving upstream in the spring to spawn and back downstream in the summer.
		Most striped bass along the Atlantic coast are involved in two types of migration: an upriver spawning migration from late winter to early spring, and coastal migrations that are apparently not associated with spawning activity.
		Bass are found along sandy beaches, in shallow bays, along rocky stretches, over and among submerged or partially submerged rocks, and at the mouths of estuaries, the precise situations that they occupy being governed by the availability of food.
	www.njscuba.net /biology/sw_fish_sea_basses.html (3285 words)

	Rutgers researchers study Mullica River's striped bass (phillyBurbs.com) Burlington Times
		Clare Ng, a marine biology doctoral candidate, is overseeing the study, which will use tracking devices attached to the fish and will collect eggs and hatchlings in a bid to accurately assess spawning rates of the popular recreational fish.
		At the confluence of the Mullica River and the Great Bay, they line up to fish for striped bass swimming up the freshwater river to spawn.
		But their success in the 55-mile stretch of Mullica River has suffered because of changes in water flow, shifting pH levels and the presence of predators.
	www.phillyburbs.com /pb-dyn/news/109-04122004-281232.html (443 words)

	New Jersey Scuba Diver - Marine Biology - Oceanic Basses & Porgies
		Most striped bass along the Atlantic coast are involved in two types of migration: an upriver spawning migration from late winter to early spring, and coastal migrations that are apparently not associated with spawning activity.
		Within river systems striped bass spend the major part of the year in the lower estuaries, moving upstream in the spring to spawn and back downstream in the summer.
		Black Sea Bass are bottom-dwellers, and the males are territorial.
	www.njscuba.net /biology/sw_fish_sea_basses.html (3285 words)

	Oyster Mushroom Workshops - Overview & Sponsorship
		Sledges and wedges were used to split apart the dead or dying cottonwood trees, and oyster mushroom spawn was introduced into the cracks.
		Participants first watched a slide show that described the biology of the local oyster mushroom, (Pleurotus ostreatus, now recognized by some authors as a separate species, P. populinum) and described other related and similar looking species.
		Next we had a brief cooking demonstration, where oyster mushrooms were used to create a tasty pate, or simply fried in butter and passed around.
	www.fungaljungal.org /oysters/oyster.htm (419 words)

	New Jersey Scuba Diver - Marine Biology - Crustaceans: Crabs
		Blue crabs spawn between June and August, producing 700,000 to 2,000,000 eggs which the female carries on her abdomen.
		Mud Crabs are often abundant in sponge colonies, among bushy bryzoans and hydroids on pilings, and intertidally under rocks or other debris on protected shores.
		Mud Crabs are predators on young oysters and clams; their powerful claws can crush 1/2" long hard clams; they also attack barnacles and larger clams by chipping their shells.
	www.njscuba.net /biology/sw_crabs.html (419 words)

	Biology of Orange Roughy - New Zealand Orange Roughy - Sustainable Management.
		In New Zealand waters, research indicates that up to half of the adults may not spawn in a given year, although this pattern has not been confirmed in other orange roughy fisheries.
		The spawning period is short (2-3 weeks) and during the New Zealand winter (June and July).
		The first specimen off New Zealand was discovered in 1954 by scientists from the NationalMuseum of New Zealand, although it had previously been recorded off South Africa and the Azores in the 19th century.
	www.orangeroughynz.com /biology.html (419 words)

	Fish migration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Freshwater fish migrations are usually shorter, typically from lake to stream or vice versa, for spawning purposes.
		The best-known anadromous fish are salmon, which hatch in small freshwater streams, go down to the sea and live there for several years, then return to the same streams where they were hatched, spawn, and die shortly thereafter.
		Carl E. Bonds, Biology of Fishes, 2nd ed.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fish_migration (293 words)

	New Jersey Scuba Diver - Marine Biology - Wrasses - Blackfish & Cunner
		Adult tautog migrate inshore in the spring as water warms to around 48F to spawn in late spring through early summer.
		Tautog are distributed along the northeast Atlantic coast of North America from the outer coast of Nova Scotia to Georgia.
		Tautog are not highly migratory along the Atlantic coast but rather demonstrate an inshore offshore migration pattern throughout the year.
	www.njscuba.net /biology/sw_fish_wrasses.html (2633 words)

	Oculina Coral Reefs
		We are beginning to understand enough about the biology of the coral to make an intelligent attempt at restoration, but we are still on the steep part of the learning curve with a long way to go.
		By the early 1990s, heavy commercial fishing had directly contributed to the extensive coral destruction and greatly reduced the populations of grouper and snapper which feed and spawn off these reefs.
		Most of the corals that we are familiar with live in the warm "gin-clear" waters of Earth's tropical oceans.
	www.at-sea.org /missions/oculina/oculina_dispatch.html (1696 words)

	Shad of the Shatt Al-Arab River in Iraq
		A brief review of the biology of shad that spawn in the Shatt Al-Arab River in southeastern Iraq
		The species is widely distributed, and can be found in the Arabian Gulf, Pakistan, India, Burma and as far east as Cochin China, South Vietnam.
		he Indian shad, Tenualosa ilisha, is an anadromous clupeid and its fisheries are important throughout its range.
	www.cqs.washington.edu /~hinrich/shad/JOURNAL4.2/vol4n2.htm (1696 words)

	Enter Dan Kimmel's Web Site
		Dan Kimmel, bass, fishing, tournament, Ranger Boats, Lake St. Clair, Michigan, Great Lakes, Yamaha, Combat Fishing, Xtreme Bass Tackle, D and R Sports Center, Lakemaster, BFL, djkimmel, PRADCO, War Eagle, MotorGuide, Mustad, Deka Battery, All Star, Pflueger, Shakespeare, bass biology, bass management, spawn
		These web pages and links below will be disabled shortly.
	hometown.aol.com /djkimmel (62 words)

	Search: Danio - Info.co.uk
		Overview of the program to sequence the genome of the zebrafish (Danio rerio), which is known as a powerful model to study vertebrate developmental biology...
		Danio males generally spawn with and remain loyal to one female...
		Danio a kiuj interesi as pri esperantaj aferoj en
	dpxml.infospace.com /infocom.uk/results?otmpl=dog/webresults.htm&qkw=Danio&CMP=KNC-3LS480536328&infoad=1 (62 words)

	Search: Danio - Info.co.uk
		Overview of the program to sequence the genome of the zebrafish (Danio rerio), which is known as a powerful model to study vertebrate developmental biology...
		Danio males generally spawn with and remain loyal to one female...
		Danio is a long-time favorite among freshwater aquarists...
	dpxml.infospace.com /infocom.uk/results?otmpl=dog/webresults.htm&qkw=Danio&CMP=KNC-3LS480536328&infoad=1 (62 words)

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Topic: Spawn (biology)

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In the News (Thu 24 Dec 09)