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Topic: Special Drawing Rights

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	Special drawing rights (SDR) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The SDR was introduced by the IMF in 1970 to boost world liquidity after the ratio of world reserves to imports had fallen by half since the 1950s.
		Since the SDR is an average of five currencies it is less valuable than the strongest and is among the first to go when reserves are sold off.
		SDRs were first allocated in 1970 equal to 1/35 of an ounce of gold, or exactly $1 ($1.0857 after the dollar was devalued in 1971).
	countrydata.bvdep.com /EIU/Help/sdr.htm (248 words)

	SPECIAL DRAWING RIGHTS. The Columbia Encyclopedia: Sixth Edition. 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		SDRs are assigned to the accounts of IMF members in proportion to their contributions to the fund.
		In 1981 the IMF reduced the basket to five currencies (the U.S. dollar, German Deutschmark, Japanese yen, French franc, and British pound); in 1999 the Deutschmark and franc were replaced by their equivalents in the euro.
		The IMF has the exclusive right of allocating SDRs; the last such allocation was made in 1981.
	www.bartleby.com /aol/65/sp/SpecialD.html (194 words)

	Laws of Fiji - ITC Services Online
		The rates at which special drawing rights are to be cancelled shall be expressed as percentages of net cumulative allocations of special drawing rights on the date of each decision to cancel.
		Special drawing rights acquired by the participant after the effective date of the cancellation shall be applied against its negative balance and cancelled.
		Special drawing rights so redeemed and special drawing rights obtained by a terminating participant under the provisions of this Agreement to meet any instalment due under an agreement on settlement or under Schedule H and set off against that instalment shall be cancelled.
	www.itc.gov.fj /lawnet/fiji_act/cap11.html (14154 words)

	Factsheet - Special Drawing Rights (SDRs)
		SDRs are allocated to member countries in proportion to their IMF quotas.
		The SDR interest rate provides the basis for calculating the interest charged to members on regular (non-concessional) IMF loans, the interest paid and charged to members on their SDR holdings, and the interest paid to members on a portion of their quota subscriptions.
		The SDR interest rate is determined weekly and is based on a weighted average of representative interest rates on short-term debt in the money markets of the SDR basket currencies.
	www.imf.org /external/np/exr/facts/sdr.HTM (946 words)

	Paper: "Special Drawing Rights for the Provision of Public Goods on a Global Scale"
		My proposal relates to a special issue of SDRs that has already been authorized by the IMF in 1997 and approved by 72% of the membership; all it needs is the approval of the US Congress to attain the 85% supermajority that is necessary to make the issue effective.
		The proposal that President Bush could take to Monterrey is that he will ask Congress to approve the 1997 special issue on the condition that the rich countries agree to donate their SDRs to a trust fund that would be used for the provision of public goods on a global scale.
		The SDR donations scheme would be exempt from the limitations that afflict the existing arrangements for international assistance.
	www.iie.com /publications/papers/soros0202.htm (1603 words)

	On Soros: are Special Drawing Rights the deus ex machina of the world economy? - Reforming Globalization Challenge - ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		SDRs are a form of special-purpose money that the IMF's board of governors can create by crediting accounts of IMF member states (at an exchange rate set by a basket of major currencies).
		The SDR designers, he said, had created an asset that made the rich even richer.) (2) SDRs are special purpose in that they are not a transactions currency.
		At the point when the SDR allocation was made to each project, the sponsoring rich country would have to pay the recipient (or the trust fund) in U.S. dollars or the equivalent amount in its own (hard) currency (at the going SDR exchange rate determined by the basket of major currencies).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1093/is_5_45/ai_91659838 (1011 words)

	Special Drawing Rights - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Special Drawing Rights (SDRs), type of international monetary reserve currency established (1968) by the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
		International liquidity and the role of the SDR in the international system.(Special Drawing Right)
		IMF approves European Central Bank application to become a holder of Special Drawing Rights.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-speciald.html (388 words)

	International Financial Organizations Act 1975
		Special drawing rights may be used in the operations and transactions authorized by or under this Agreement.
		Special drawing rights acquired by a participant after the date for payment shall be applied against its unpaid charges and cancelled.
		Special drawing rights so redeemed and special drawing rights obtained by a terminating participant under the provisions of this Agreement to meet any installment due under an agreement on settlement or under Schedule H and set off against that installment shall be cancelled.
	www.worldlii.org /pg/legis/consol_act/ifoa1975375 (13448 words)

	Special drawing rights (SDRs) (F.12) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The sub-category special drawing rights (SDRs) (F.12) consists of all transactions in SDRs (AF.12) that is international reserve assets created by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and allocated to its members to supplement existing reserve assets.
		SDRs are not considered liabilities of the IMF, and IMF members to whom SDRs are allocated do not have an actual (unconditional) liability to repay their SDRs allocations.
		SDRs are held exclusively by official holders, which are normally central banks, and are transferable among participants in the IMF
	forum.europa.eu.int /irc/dsis/nfaccount/info/data/esa95/en/een00235.htm (212 words)

	Ideas Bank - Issuing Special Drawing Rights (SDR)
		Developed countries would donate their Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) to a trust fund that would be used for development assistance and the provision of public goods on a global scale.
		SDRs were created by the IMF in 1969 as an international reserve asset to supplement members' existing reserve assets.
		SDRs are issued to member states by the IMF according to a quota and can be converted into hard currency.
	www.ilo.org /dyn/idea/ideasheet.display?p_idea_id=8 (918 words)

	2.7 Liability Limitations
		There are no financial limits for passenger death or bodily injury, however, the carrier shall not be liable for damages exceeding 100,000 Special Drawing Rights (Approximately EUR 123,000) if it proves that it was not negligent or at fault or such damages is solely attributable to the negligence or fault of third parties.
		Special Drawing Rights are not used to express limits of liability for all journeys to which the Warsaw Convention applies.
		Time limit for action : A written complaint must be filed with the carrier within 7 days from the date of receipt in the case of damage to baggage and within 21 days from the date of baggage is placed at your disposal in the case of delay.
	www.philippineairlines.com /tempfiles/1090.asp (543 words)

	Special Drawing Rights (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.tamu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		'''Special Drawing Rights''' are an artificial currency unit that was created by the International Monetary Fund in 1969.
		SDRs are defined in terms of a basket of major currencies used in international trade and finance.
		The value of one SDR in terms of United States dollars is determined daily by the IMF, based on the exchange rates of the currencies making up the basket, as quoted at noon at the London market.
	special-drawing-rights.kiwiki.homeip.net.cob-web.org:8888 (355 words)

	Special Drawing Rights
		The SDR is also used by some countries as a peg for their own currency, and is used as an international reserve asset.
		Authoritative SDR rates for the most recent months and for a larger number of currencies are also available directly from the International Monetary Fund.
		SDR rates against numerous currencies for the last five days can also be retrieved from the IMF SDRs per Currency unit and Currency units per SDR last five days web page.
	fx.sauder.ubc.ca /SDR.html (454 words)

	A Lesson in Special Drawing Rights
		It was originally fixed to gold at a rate of 35 special drawing rights against each ounce...the equivalent to the dollar while we yet remained on the international gold standard prior to August, 1971.
		This element is of utmost importance to understand SDRs: Special Drawing Rights emerged in concept in the mid-1960's in reaction to the same forces that gave rise to the establishment and the eventual demise of the London Gold Pool.
		The simple difference between SDRs and Certs is that SDRs are the paper IMF-sanctioned assets that are allocated according to membership quotas among the the nations belonging to the IMF's SDR department.
	www.usagold.com /goldenchalkboard/gc_sdr.html (2757 words)

	ASYCUDA
		Created in 1969 by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) as a supplemental international monetary reserve asset, SDRs are available to governments through the IMF and may be used in transactions between the IMF and member governments.
		The unit value of an SDR reflects the foreign exchange value of a "basket" of currencies of several major trading countries (the U.S. dollar, the German mark, the French franc, the Japanese yen, and the British pound).
		The SDR has become the unit of account used by the IMF and several national currencies are pegged to it.
	www.asycuda.org /cuglossa.asp?term=Special+Drawing+Rights (129 words)

	Special Drawing Rights (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.tamu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		'''Special Drawing Rights''' is neither a currency, nor a claim on the International Monetary Fund.
		SDR's basically were created to replace gold in large international transactions.
		Being that under a strict (international) gold standard, the quantity of gold worldwide is relatively fixed, and worldwide the economies of all participating IMF members as an aggregate are growing, a need arose to increase the supply of the basic unit or standard proprotionately.
	special-drawing-rights.iqnaut.net.cob-web.org:8888 (379 words)

	Special Drawing Rights - SDR
		Created in response to concerns about the limitations of gold and dollars as the sole means of settling international accounts, SDRs are designed to augment international liquidity by supplementing the standard reserve currencies.
		You can think of SDRs as an artificial currency used by the IMF and defined as a "basket of national currencies".
		SDRs are allocated by the IMF to its member countries and are backed by the full faith and credit of the member countries' governments.
	baystreet.investopedia.com /terms/s/sdr.asp (182 words)

	Glossary of International Trade Terms
		Special 301 (a variation of Section 301) was created by the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988.
		Special and Differential Treatment - The principle, enunciated in the Tokyo Declaration, that the Tokyo Round negotiations should seek to accord particular benefits to the exports of developing countries, consistent with their trade, financial, and development needs.
		Special Drawing Rights - SDRs are international reserve assets, created by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in 1970 and allocated to individual member nations.
	www.tradeport.org /library/s.html (5309 words)

	BRETTON WOODS AGREEMENTS (AMENDMENT) ACT, 1999
		The Fund shall not allocate special drawing rights under this Schedule to those participants that have notified the Fund in writing prior to the date of the allocation of their desire not to receive the allocation.
		(b) Special drawing rights being held in an escrow account shall not be available for any use and shall not be included in any calculations of allocations or holdings of special drawing rights for the purposes of the Articles, except for calculations under this Schedule.
		If special drawing rights allocated to a participant are held in an escrow account when the participant terminates its participation in the Special Drawing Rights Department or when it is decided to liquidate the Special Drawing Rights Department, such special drawing rights shall be cancelled.
	www.ucc.ie /law/irlii/statutes/1999_4.htm (1896 words)

	CART, India (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The rights of basic needs and healthy environment could not be provided in COPRA as these symbolised the aspiration of the poor and the disadvantaged, and were not the subject matter of priced commodities and services available in the market place.
		Both these rights were adopted at the Third National Convention of Consumer Activists at Calcutta during 1-3 November 1991, calling and urging the now (CI) IOCU to recognise and take suitable steps in expansion of the Consumer Rights internationally.
		Consumer rights were to be put in a separate chapter so that violations of the same could be an additional ground, if not the basis of a complaint.
	www.cuts-international.org /Consumer-Rights.htm (3138 words)

	Exchange Rate Special Drawing Rights - US Dollar, USD to SDR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		This is the Special Drawing Rights Exchange Rate Calculator and is used to find currency exchange rates for any amount, not just the Special Drawing Rights.
		Every attempt has been made to provide you with accurate Special Drawing Rights exchange rates, however, you should verify the accuracy of this US Dollar exchange rate information if your want to be absolutely sure.
		US Dollar to Special Drawing Rights Exchange Rate is a free service.
	www.iraqidinar.org /Exchange-Rate-SDR.htm (211 words)

	Exchange rate - IMF Special Drawing Rights - Mataf.net
		IMF Special Drawing Rights - Bahrain Dinar :
		IMF Special Drawing Rights - Bangladesh Taka :
		IMF Special Drawing Rights - Denmark Kroner :
	www.mataf.net /en/exchange-XDR.htm (1477 words)

	Definition of right - Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
		1a; also : a blow struck with this hand right on the jaw> b : the location or direction of the right side right> c : the part on the right side d :
		7 often capitalized a : the part of a legislative chamber located to the right of the presiding officer b : the members of a continental European legislative body occupying the right as a result of holding more conservative political views than other members
		- by rights also by all rights : with reason or justice :
	www.m-w.com /cgi-bin/dictionary?rights (300 words)

	Convert Panamanian Balboa (PAB) and Special Drawing Rights (SDR): Currency Exchange Rate Conversion Calculator (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Enter the amount to be converted in the box to the left of the currency and press the "convert" button.
		Rate table - See a chart of currency rates between Panamanian Balboa and Special Drawing Rights.
		RSS Feed - The Special Drawing Rights and Panamanian Balboa exchange rate delivered to your personal home page.
	coinmill.com /PAB_SDR.html (359 words)

	UTLink. G7 Economic Summit, Halifax, 1995 -- The Halifax Summit Review of the International Financial Institutions: ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		We reiterate our support for a one-time special allocation of SDRs, through an amendment of the Fund's Articles of Agreement, to reduce inequities in the current system by allowing new members, particularly the countries of Central and Eastern the former Soviet Union, to participate fully in the SDR system.
		This approach would also provide additional SDRs to other countries, particularly the poorest countries with the greatest need.
		The broader question of the appropriate future ro the international monetary system should be the subject of a separate study as agreed at the last meeting of the Interim Committee.
	www.g7.utoronto.ca /summit/1995halifax/financial/7.html (135 words)

	drawing - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Example: "It is shown by the drawing in Fig.
		Phrases that include drawing: drawing room, special drawing rights, line drawing, mechanical drawing, drawing chalk, more...
		Words similar to drawing: draft, drafting, draftsmanship, draught, draw, lottery, drawing off, more...
	www.onelook.com /?w=drawing (360 words)

	rights - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Rights, rights : UltraLingua English Dictionary [home, info]
		Rights : Dictionary of Phrase and Fable (1898) [home, info]
		Phrases that include rights: human rights, special drawing rights, animal rights, riparian rights, states' rights, more...
	www.onelook.com /?w=rights (509 words)

	Tennesse Valley Travel Agency: We Orchestrate Dreams (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Our staff understands that each individual client is special and provides warm, friendly, personal service backed by knowledge, experience, international connections, and accountability.
		The excellent deals available right now surely must wet the travelers appetite.
		Special Airfare department to insure you get the best price.
	www.tntravel.com (297 words)

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