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Topic: Special Protection Area

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	Guidelines for Protected Area Management Categories (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The landscape is protected, with strict controls on planning to ensure that the unique blend of natural and cultural heritage evolved over centuries of human habitation is maintained.
		One species of bird is endemic to the island.
		The core `preservation area' is strictly protected from the impact of future development, and buffered by a surrounding protection area with a mix of natural features, farmland, hamlets and towns where development is allowed in a manner which does not degrade the essential character of the Pinelands environment.
	www.unep-wcmc.org /protected_areas/categories/eng/ex-v.htm (2075 words)

	National parks - All About Turkey
		This area was established as a national park in 1959, was awarded "European Diploma" in 1976 by the Council of Europe, and Diploma was renewed in 1981, 1985 and 1991.
		Pamukkale is under protection because of its world famous calcareous sediment; the Ihlara Valley, due to its historical significance as one of the earliest dwelling places of Christians and because of the presence of churches and temples containing painting and frescoes.
		The purpose of this convention was to protect endangered animal and plant species which are subject to commercial trading, and to bring under control their export and import.
	www.allaboutturkey.com /millipark.htm (1407 words)

	Source Water Protection ISTS
		Special educational activities need to be tailored for the latter three groups, to help them understand the importance of the issue.
		Areas with less than three feet of unsaturated soil to the water table or areas with other soil limiting characteristics (bedrock, heavy clay, etc.) need to use mound septic systems to adequately treat wastes.
		In many areas, however, alternate disposal options are unavailable or unnecessary -- wastewater treatment plants may be unwilling to accept septage or the area may have suitable conditions for land application.
	www.mrwa.com /swists.htm (3379 words)

	Section 640-418 Special water protection area, procedur (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		If the department determines that a special water quality protection area should be established, it shall consult with the interagency task force and with the public water system or systems affected and determine the boundaries of such area.
		When the boundaries of any such areas have been determined, the department shall, after a public hearing, issue an order designating the area as a special water quality protection area.
		The department shall notify every city and county within the proposed area and shall notify the public by press release and by publication of a notice in a newspaper of general circulation in the region.
	www.moga.state.mo.us /statutes/C600-699/6400000418.HTM (142 words)

	Surfrider Foundation: Special Places Campaign
		Marine Protected Areas are generally defined as any areas of the coast and ocean together with associated flora, fauna, historical and cultural features, which has been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or the entire enclosed environment.
		The best-designed protected areas have specific goals agreed upon by scientists and managers, affected users, and the public so that all stakeholders understand what resource(s) are being protected and the reasons for that protection.
		To be most effective the areas should form an overall network of protected zones that take into account the multiple life stages and trophic structures important to protected and unprotected species as well as recreational criteria that would prescribe activities that are allowed and prohibited throughout various parts of the network.
	www.surfrider.org /specialplaces/position.htm (1895 words)

	M-NCPPC: Environment-SPA FAQ’s (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Currently, there are four SPAs: Upper Paint Branch B in the eastern part of the county generally west of route 29, north of Fairland Rd., East of New Hampshire and south of Spencerville Rd.;
		The SPA sales addendum is a disclosure form that the seller of the property must complete with assistance from their realtor in accordance with Montgomery County Council Emergency Bill 24-00.
		SPA requirements and guidelines are applied to land development activities within SPAs only, and are over and above “standard” environmental laws, regulations, and guidelines that are enforced throughout Montgomery County.
	www.mc-mncppc.org /environment/SPA/faq.shtm (702 words)

	Naturenet: Special Protection Areas
		Under the Directive, the UK is committed to taking "the requisite measures to preserve, maintain and re-establish a sufficient diversity and areas of habitat" for "all species of naturally occurring birds in the wild state".
		This is designed to protect wild birds, and to provide sufficient diversity of habitats for all species so as to maintain populations at an ecologically sound level.
		SPAs, or, more precisely, the birds within SPAs, have a limited amount of stronger protection than SSSIs, as provided by the Conservation (Natural Habitats, andc.) Regulations, 1994.
	www.naturenet.net /status/spa.html (272 words)

	NWRS - Special Management Areas
		In addition to refuge status, the "special" status of lands within individual refuges may be recognized by additional designations, either legislatively or administratively.
		Biosphere reserves are protected areas of representative terrestrial and coastal environments which have been internationally recognized under the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Program for their value in conservation and in providing the scientific knowledge, skill and human values to support sustainable development.
		Research natural areas are intended to represent the full array of North American ecosystems with their biological communities, habitats, natural phenomena, and geological and hydrological formations.
	www.fws.gov /refuges/habitats/specialAreas.html (1112 words)

	About SNH - Natura 2000 - SPAs
		Special Protection Areas (SPAs) are classified under the EC Directive on the Conservation of Wild Birds (79/409/EEC), commonly known as the Birds Directive.
		SPAs are intended to safeguard the habitats of the species for which they are selected and to protect the birds from significant disturbance.
		Together with Special Areas of Conservation, which are designated under the Habitats Directive for habitats and non-bird species, SPAs form the Natura 2000 network of sites.
	www.snh.org.uk /about/directives/ab-dir09.asp (211 words)

	Government of Yukon - Environment - Habitat Protection and Special Management Areas
		Protected areas identified and established within a Traditional Territory of a Yukon First Nation under a Final Agreement are called Special Management Areas.
		It is an area where disturbance to wildlife, or to the plants on which it depends, could lead to the decline of a species or population.
		It may be an area where a wildlife species is concentrated at certain times of year, a habitat type that is rare in the Yukon or a site that is particularly fragile.
	www.environmentyukon.gov.yk.ca /parks/habitat.html (781 words)

	Surfrider Foundation: Special Places Campaign
		Each classification is characterized by the purpose for which an area is to be managed, and the scope of protection that may/must be afforded to areas within each classification.
		To the extent feasible, the area shall be open to the public for managed enjoyment and study, but some activities may be restricted to protect marine resources.
		Within a conservation area, any resource may be taken, harmed, or possessed for recreational or commercial purposes unless the managing or designating agency determines that such action would "compromise" the protection of a species, habitat, or geological feature of special interest.
	www.surfrider.org /specialplaces/nancy/what.htm (1852 words)

	Source Water Protection Feedlots
		If a public water supplier chooses to develop management strategies for land use issues involving feedlots and manure handling practices in the wellhead protection area, education should be included as a component of the management plan, regardless of whether other methods are also used.
		Notify the MPCA or county feedlot officer that an unpermitted feedlot exists in the wellhead protection area.
		In some parts of the U.S, prohibitive zoning is used to establish wellhead protection areas as "green zones." If this option is desired, public water suppliers should work closely with the appropriate local unit of government with jurisdiction over zoning in the area.
	www.mrwa.com /swfeedlot.htm (2487 words)

	Greater Capital Area Association of REALTORS® - Government Affairs Archive (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		People who sell property in the county's three ``special protection areas," regions in the watersheds of sensitive streams, will be required to disclose that fact to buyers under legislation the County Council approved unanimously this week.
		The bill originally was criticized by the Greater Capital Area Association of Realtors, which feared that property owners might not be aware that they were in special protection areas, leaving them open to liability if they failed to make the disclosure.
		The three special protections areas area surround the Paint Branch tributary, a 17-mile stream that begins near Spencerville and wends its way into Prince George's County; the Piney Branch tributary in Rockville; and the Little Bennett tributary in Clarksburg.
	www.gcaar.com /government/watch/gw100900.htm (376 words)

	Birdwatching in Northern Ireland
		Species: Northern Ireland's largest Manx shearwater colony, storm petrels appear summer and autumn; a variety of rare migrants have been sighted on the islands, the more regular ones being red start, pied flycatcher, and tree pipit; one-of sightings have included autumnal bluethroat, red-breasted flycatcher, woodchat shrike.
		Species: significant number of pale-bellied brent goose and scaup in winter; breeding Arctic, common and Sandwich tern on islands (landing on islands strictly prohibited).
		Species: cliff-breeding colonies of fulmar, guillemot, kittiwake, Manx shearwater, puffin, razorbill, shag; peregrine, raven.
	www.geographia.com /northern-ireland/ukibrd01.htm (2500 words)

	Special protection areas (SPA)
		A Special Protection Area (SPA) is a site that is designated by the European Habitats Directive as being of European importance for its populations of wild birds.
		In the case of the SPAs in Waverley, the birds are specifically breeding populations of nightjar, Dartford warbler and woodlark.
		Thames Basin Heaths Special Protection Area 5 km
	www.waverley.gov.uk /planningpolicy/birds.asp (887 words)

	Special Protection Areas (SPAs)
		Special Protection Areas (SPAs) are strictly protected sites classified in accordance with Article 4 of the EC Directive on the conservation of wild birds (79/409/EEC), also known as the Birds Directive, which came into force in April 1979.
		Classification has since progressed and a regularly updated UK SPA Summary Table provides an overview of both the number of classified SPAs and those approved by Government that are currently in the process of being classified (these are known as potential SPAs, or pSPAs).
		Both are legal documents, the former is used within the UK to consult with the public at classification, and the latter is derived from the citation and is the standard way in which data are registered by government and transmitted to the European Commission.
	www.jncc.gov.uk /page-162 (811 words)

	MNCPPC: Special Protection Areas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The SPA regulations and guidelines are intended to incorporate stringent water resource protection measures in new and expanded land development projects.
		Conservation plan for each SPA to describe the conditions of the major streams and identify critical features that need to be protected.
		It is very important that a conservation easement area remain undisturbed so the natural features in it can continue to provide groundwater recharge, continuous cool water in the streams, and habitat for native plants and animals.
	www.mc-mncppc.org /environment/SPA/index.shtm (800 words)

	79/409 European union council directive and decision for the conservation of wild birds - International conservation ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		1) For those species stated in Annex I special protection measures should be applied regarding their habitat, in order to ensure the survival and reproduction in their distribution area.
		Annex I is a catalog of species and subspecies that, in the European Union, are threatened with extinction, or vulnerable in certain changes of their habitats, or scarce due to small populations or restricted regional distribution, or demand special caution due to the special nature of their habitats.
		By February of 1989, 757 Special Protection Areas were delimited according to article 4 of the Directive, 387 of which are in Germany.
	www.ornithologiki.gr /en/sppe/enppep.htm (556 words)

	Special Protection Area - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A Special Protection Area or SPA is a designation under the European Union directive on the Conservation of Wild Birds (79/409/CEE).
		SPAs comprise one or more SSSIs (Site of Special Scientific Interest) or ASSIs (Areas of Special Scientific Interest), for example Broadland SPA is a conglomeration of 28 SSSIs.
		Together with Special Area of Conservation or SACs, the SPAs form a network of protected sites across the European Union, called Natura 2000.
	en.wikipedia.org.cob-web.org:8888 /wiki/Special_Protection_Area (192 words)

	Hereford Area Trail Guide
		The Hereford Area is excellent habitat for migratory and forest interior dwelling birds, such as a variety of warblers, thrushes and vireos.
		Due to the area's special protection as a State Wildland, mountain bikes are prohibited on all trails.
		Due to the special State Wildland protection status of the Hereford Area, mountain bikes are prohibited on all park trails.
	www.dnr.state.md.us /publiclands/hereford.html (2558 words)

	NEA: Summary of Final IDEA Reauthorization Bill
		There is a scholarship program to recruit people to enter the special education teaching profession in exchange for at least 2 years of service as a special education teacher.
		The law maintains early intervention and preschool special education programs for infants, toddlers, and preschoolers with disabilities, including allowing states to create a system that gives parents the choice to have their child continue early intervention services until the age of five.
		A disproportionate number of minority students are wrongly placed in special education rather than provided intensive educational interventions and positive behavioral interventions….[S]tudies show the proportion of minority students identified in some disability categories is dramatically greater than their share of the overall population.
	www.nea.org /specialed/ideareauthsummary05.html (2605 words)

	Marine Protected Area - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Marine Protected Area (MPA) is often used as an umbrella term covering a wide range of marine areas with some level of restriction to protect living, non-living, cultural, and/or historic resources.
		It defines Marine Protected Area as "any area of the intertidal or subtidal terrain, together with its overlying water and associated flora, fauna, historical and cultural features, which has been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment."[1].
		Quite often protection of these areas have shown an increase in the numbers and diversity of marine life and improvement of the overall health of the system.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Marine_Protected_Area (785 words)

	Protected Sites
		The UK has a responsibility to ensure the conservation and enhancement of habitats and species in both a national and international context.
		The issue of protected areas is also addressed under the Convention on Biological Diversity.
		Special Protection Areas and Special Areas of Conservation are established under the EC Birds Directive and Habitats Directive respectively, and together form the Natura 2000 network.
	www.jncc.gov.uk /idt (619 words)

	Wildlife News: Extra protection for bird site.
		A stretch of the south coast from Dungeness to Pett Level has been designated a Special Protection Area for Birds, which means development projects and recreational pursuits are now subject to stringent control.
		The area designated is made up of a range of diverse habitats such as shingle beaches, artifical lakes, marshland and inter-tidal areas and attracts about 11,000 birds a year As well as providing breeding habitat, the 1,500-hectare site is regularly used as a staging post by birds on passage between Britain and the Continent.
		The Special Protection Area (SPA) classification gives public recognition to the international importance of the site and protection as a European site under the Conservation (Natural Habitats) Regulation 1994.
	www.wildlifenews.co.uk /article/bird.htm (356 words)

	Oil Tanker Grounded in Plymouth Sound Conservation Area
		The Cypriot flagged MV Willy ran aground Tuesday in the Plymouth Sound and Estuaries Special Area of Conservation and Special Protection Area at the mouth of the English Channel.
		Found in the area are a number of species that are rare in the UK, or at the limit of their natural distribution in UK waters, including the yellow trumpet anemone, soft corals such as the pink sea fan, and seaweeds.
		In addition, the estuary of the Tamar River, which meets the English Channel at Plymouth, is an important feeding and breeding area for large numbers of waders and wildfowl, little egrets and avocets.
	www.ens-newswire.com /ens/jan2002/2002-01-03-01.asp (641 words)

	The Planning Inspectorate - Housing Delivery in the South East and The Thames Basin Heaths Special Protection Area (via ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		However, if the effect of a proposal on the TBH SPA has not been raised as an issue by the parties in their evidence but you consider that the proposal could have a possible impact on the SPA you must canvas it with the main parties and EN.
		If there is no priority habitat or species on the site you must consider whether there are imperative reasons of overriding public interest, which may be of a social or economic nature, sufficient to override the harm to the site (paragraphs 25-26).
		If there is a priority habitat or species on the site which may be adversely affected by the proposal, you must consider whether there are imperative reasons of overriding public interest relating to human health, public safety or benefits of primary importance to the environment.
	www.planning-inspectorate.gov.uk.cob-web.org:8888 /pins/appeals/thames_basin_heaths_protection.htm (2059 words)

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