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Topic: Speculum metal

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	Mirror - LoveToKnow 1911
		In its usual forms it is simply a highly polished sheet of metal or of glass (which may or may not be covered, either behind or before, with a metallic film); a metallic mirror is usually termed a speculum.
		In the former method there is employed a horizontal double-bottomed metallic table, which is heated with steam to from 35° to 40° C., and the reduction of the ammoniacal silver solution is effected with tartaric acid.
		To protect the thin metallic film from mechanical injury and the chemical action of gases and vapours it is coated with shellac or copal varnish, over which, when dry, are applied two coatings of red-lead paint or an electrolytically-deposited film of copper.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Mirror (3055 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for speculum
		a metal or plastic instrument that is used to dilate an orifice or canal in the body to allow inspection.
		He was the author of three of the four parts of the Speculum majus, of great value as a summary of the knowledge of his time.
		She examined the uses and misuses of language in relation to women in such works as Speculum of the Other Woman (1974), which argues that history and culture are written in patriarchal language and centred on men, and that the...
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=speculum (1199 words)

	Medical speculum and procedure - Patent 4597382
		The speculum of claim 9 wherein said first segment includes a first surface facing toward said second member and a second surface facing toward patient body tissue, said first and second segments of said sleeve-shaped body are positioned respectively adjacent said first and said second surfaces of said member.
		A medical speculum, as is known, is an apparatus having a pair of elongated members which are placed in a body cavity and which are relatively adjustable after positioning in the body cavity so as to provide access to the body cavity during a medical procedure.
		A further proposal to coat the metal speculum with a plastic material is highly costly since the speculum is not reusable due to the impracticability of sterilizing the coated speculum in an autoclave without damage to the coating.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4597382.html (3112 words)

	speculum metal blanks for telescope mirrors and other reflectors
		Prior to this development, telescope mirrors were made of metal, usually a type of metal called speculum metal.
		Speculum metal is notoriously brittle and the early literature is replete with anecdotal stories of spontaneous fracture of speculum metal discs while working with them.
		Our speculum metal is an alloy of electrolytically pure copper and grain tin.
	www.classicscience.com /speculum/speculum_metal1.html (461 words)

	The Lassell Telescope
		The original mirror, currently on display in Liverpool Museum, was cast in speculum metal, a special alloy of copper and tin.
		Speculum metal is an alloy of copper and tin.
		The secondary mirror was a 45° angled flat made of speculum and mounted on a single arm support inside the main telescope tube.
	www.mikeoates.org /lassell/telescope.htm (846 words)

	William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse@Everything2.com
		His speculum metal is composed of four atoms of copper (126.4 parts) and one of tin (58.9 parts), a brilliant alloy, which resists tarnish better than any other compound tried.
		The speculum lies face upwards in a shallow bath of water (to preserve a uniform temperature), and the polisher fits loosely in a ring, so that the rotation of the speculum makes it revolve also, but more slowly.
		Both the grinding and polishing tools are grooved, to obtain a uniform distribution of the emery used in the grinding process and of the rouge employed in polishing, as also to provide for the lateral expansion of the pitch with which the polisher is coated.
	www.everything2.com /index.pl?node_id=1754888 (682 words)

	Chapter 21 Conclusions
		Among the specimens of Bessemer metal in the Exhibition of 1862 was a 14-in.
		At first he tried a speculum metal of the same alloy as that used by Lord Rosse in his great Parsonstown reflector; that is to say, a mixture of copper and tin, in the proportions of 126.4 of the former to 58.9 parts of the latter.
		The metal is very easily manipulated by those who have the skill, and can be "wiped" to one side or the other so as to vary the position of the stone and give it greater or less prominence.
	www.history.rochester.edu /ehp-book/shb/hb21.htm (17364 words)

	Speculum metal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Speculum metal is a very hard white alloy of four parts copper to one part tin, or according to other sources, 67% copper and 33% tin; some compositions contained 1–2% of arsenic.
		The metal has the unfortunate property of tarnishing rapidly, requiring constant re-polishing.
		Use of speculum metals for mirrors declined after 1859, when Leon Foucault published his results on silvered glass parabolical mirrors.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Speculum_metal (141 words)

	Speculum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		speculum feathers, the secondary feathers on the inner part of a duck's wing which are often brightly coloured.
		Speculum (journal), a journal of medieval studies published by the Medieval Academy of America.
		Speculum metal, an alloy containing copper and tin at least.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Speculum (155 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		It comprises a priapiscus with 2 (or sometimes 3 or 4) dovetailing valves which are opened and closed by a handle with a screw mechanism, an arrangement that was still to be found in the specula of 18th-century Europe.
		Graeco-Roman writers on gynecology and obstetrics frequently recommend its use in the diagnosis and treatment of vaginal and uterine disorders, yet it is one of the rarest surviving medical instruments.
		The speculum is a tool used by the provider to open your vagina.
	www.lycos.com /info/speculum--vagina.html (362 words)

	FanFiction.Net : Dictionary & Thesaurus (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A mirror, or looking-glass; especially, a metal mirror, as in Greek and Roman arch[ae]ology.
		A reflector of polished metal, especially one used in reflecting telescopes.
		It is usually situated on the distal portions of the secondary quills, and is much more brilliant in the adult male than in the female.
	www.fanfiction.net /dictionary.php?word=speculum (202 words)

	Opera Search
		Speculum is the oldest U.S. journal devoted exclusively to the Middle Ages.
		Speculum, published quarterly since 1926, was the first scholarly journal in North America devoted exclusively to the Middle Ages.
		speculum feathers, the secondary feathers on the inner...
	search.opera.com /?search=speculum&global=no (253 words)

	[No title]
		He says: "I ground and prepared a bell metal speculum, which I coated with nickel, and this, when polished, proved to be more reflective (at least I thought so) than speculum metal.
		A tolerably good metal was cast, after several failures, and the speculum was finally polished near the close of the summer.
		The lower end, containing the speculum, rested on a small platform at one of the solid angles of the base, and revolved with the frame.
	www.europa.com /~telscope/HSmith.txt (2280 words)

	Copper
		It is a ductile metal with excellent electrical conductivity, and finds extensive use as an electrical conductor, heat conductor, as a building material, and as a component of various alloys.
		Speculum metal and bronze are alloys of copper and tin.
		While the metal "bronze" usually refers to copper-tin alloys, it also is a generic term for any alloy of copper, such as aluminium bronze, silicon bronze, and manganese bronze.
	whatonearth.olehnielsen.dk /rocks/ores/copper/index.asp (441 words)

	[No title]
		He thoroughly researched the composition of speculum metal alloys and won the Royal Society's Copley Medal in 1777 for this work.
		A mirror that passes tests is one where "the performance of the metal is very distinct." One phrase in particular is not only resonant of its own era but is echoed in many modern texts.
		While testing a telescope, the user must be careful in choosing test objects, for "the eye is apt to be prejudiced by the imagination...insomuch that an observer, zealous for the honour of his instrument, is very apt to deceive himself".
	www.europa.com /~telscope/mudge.txt (2057 words)

	Accoucheur's Antique
		The vaginal speculum was introduced to gynecology in 1801 by Joseph Claude Recamier.
		His fist vaginal speculum was a slender tin tube five inches long he used to introduce treatment for cervical ulcers.
		The first generation vaginal speculum was a widened conical tube similar to the Ferguson silver speculum as shown on the left photos.
	www.fcgapultoscollection.com /amisc.html (598 words)

	Speculum - Kosmix Topic Page - Medical Information for Speculum
		Patients in the intervention group were examined with a lubricated speculum, and the introitus was manually examined with lubricated, gloved fingers...
		An instrument called a speculum holds the walls of the vagina open so that the cervix may be viewed and a swab of cells obtained for culture and...
		D and C D and C (dilatation and curettage) is a procedure in which the vaginal canal is held open with a speculum and the cervix is dilated with a...
	www.kosmix.com /search?q=speculum&t=health.bloglist&out=health-goog-sb&lid=leftnav (280 words)

	Reference Library - RedOrbit (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Copper is a reddish-coloured metal, with a high electrical and thermal conductivity (among pure metals at room temperature, only silver has a higher electrical conductivity).
		Copper may well be the oldest metal in use, as copper artifacts dating to 8700 BC have been found.
		There are numerous alloys of copper - speculum metal is a copper/tin alloy, brass is a copper/zinc alloy, and bronze is a copper/tin alloy.
	www.rednova.com /education/reference_library/?article_id=444 (1253 words)

	INSTRUMENTS - Online Information article about INSTRUMENTS
		February 1857), proposed to employ glass for the specula of telescopes, the reflect-mg surface of the glass speculum to be covered with silver by Liebig's process.
		Silvered mirrors have also some advantage in light grasp over those of speculum metal, though, aperture for aperture, the former are inferior to the modern object-glass.
		The chromatic aberration of the object-glass of one of these telescopes is corrected for photographic rays, and the image formed by it is received on a highly sensitive photographic plate.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /I27_INV/INSTRUMENTS.html (7274 words)

	Vaginal Self-Examination (VSE)
		If you are using a metal speculum, warm it first by placing it in warm (not hot) water.
		With the handle of the speculum facing toward either leg, gently glide the closed blades of the speculum into the vaginal opening, aiming for the small of your back.
		When the speculum is positioned in your vagina and open, shine the flashlight or lamp into the mirror so the light reflects into your vagina.
	hw.healthdialog.com /kbase/topic/medtest/hw235326/howdone.htm (588 words)

	Learning How to Use a Speculum
		It's easy to learn to use a speculum, and can be a very useful tool to aid you in learning when you are fertile.
		This way the handles of the speculum will be a little more difficult to grasp and operate, but when you do get the speculum open and locked into place, because this is the way they were made to be operated your cervix should clearly be in view.
		Each month, the os goes through changes that can be observed by a woman who uses a speculum, these changes can also be felt if she inserts a finger into the vagina, but this takes more practice, so lets focus on observation first.
	www.sisterzeus.com /usingspeculum.html (1417 words)

	speculum \| English \| Dictionary & Translation by Babylon
		speculum feathers, the secondary feathers on the inner part of a duck's wing which are often brightly coloured.
		Speculum (journal), a journal of medieval studies published by the Medieval Academy of America.
		Speculum metal, an alloy containing copper and tin at least.Ophrys speculum, a species of ground orchid.
	www.babylon.com /definition/speculum (154 words)

	Welcome to Well-Woman!
		The hymen is not affected by a gental pelvic exam with a small metal speculum.
		Patients tend to think a plastic speculum will be more comfortable, the fact is that metal ones come in sizes much smaller and narrower than the smallest plastic speculum.
		It is important to remeber that the speculum should not hurt regardless if whether or not you have ever had anything in your vagina before.
	www.barnard.edu /wwoman/qanda/gynhealth/hymen.html (197 words)

	specula - definition by dict.die.net
		A mirror, or looking-glass; especially, a metal mirror, as in Greek and Roman arch[ae]ology.
		A reflector of polished metal, especially one used in reflecting telescopes.
		It is usually situated on the distal portions of the secondary quills, and is much more brilliant in the adult male than in the female.
	dict.die.net /specula (89 words)

	Harvesters of Light
		In antiquity, mirrors were made from polished brass and other metals and, according to the Roman naturalist Pliny, from glass covered with a soft metal such as tin or silver.
		His solution to the problem was to avoid refraction altogether by using a mirror made of polished speculum, a metal alloy composed mostly of copper and tin.
		He cast mirror blanks from the molten speculum metal; then, using techniques of his own invention, he ground and polished them with grains of abrasive mixed in putty.
	www.cybrations.com /Clips/Voyage.htm (3874 words)

	Telescope Construction - Birr Castle Demesne
		In the middle of the 19th century, the technology to cast large metal coated glass mirrors did not exist and Lord Rosse was forced to use "speculum" metal instead.
		To enable the casting of a metal mirror, three crucibles, each 24 inches (0.61m) in diameter and weighing 1/2 ton, were used.
		The fuel used to heat the metal was turf, which was easily obtainable from the local large areas of bogland.
	www.birrcastle.com /telescopeConstruction.asp (1932 words)

	Vaginal Exam
		With the handle of the speculum facing toward either leg, gently glide the closed blades of the speculum into the vaginal opening, aiming for the small of your back.
		When the speculum is positioned in your vagina and open, shine the flashlight or lamp into the mirror so the light reflects into your vagina.
		When you are finished, unlock the speculum but keep the blades slightly open to avoid pinching the vaginal walls, and slowly withdraw it.
	www.kegel-exercise.com /vaginal_exam.html (1038 words)

	Ask the Experts: What exactly is a speculum? What does it look like, and how is it used? — teenwire.com
		A speculum is a plastic or metal instrument used to separate the walls of the vagina so that the clinician can examine the vagina and the cervix during a gynecological exam.
		The part of the speculum that is inserted into the vagina looks a little like two spoons hinged together.
		With the speculum inside the vagina, the clinician gently pushes the walls of the vagina apart by spreading the "spoons" away from each other to check the vagina and cervix for discharge or other signs of infection.
	www.teenwire.com /ask/2003/as-20031022p669-speculum.php (379 words)

	The Virtual World: Snow Day!
		Any woman over the age of 13 knows what a speculum is and it aint a mirror used as a reflector in an optical instrument, ha.
		a loop, ring, or other contrivance of metal, wood, leather, etc., suspended from the saddle of a horse to support the rider's foot.
		"Speculum" and "ducks" should not be in the same sentence.
	thevirtualworld.blogspot.com /2007/01/snow-day.html (555 words)

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