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Sphenoid bone

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	II. Osteology. 5a. 5. The Sphenoid Bone. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body.
		The lateral margin of the anterior surface is serrated, and articulates with the lamina papyracea of the ethmoid, completing the posterior ethmoidal cells; the lower margin articulates with the orbital process of the palatine bone, and the upper with the orbital plate of the frontal bone.
		Medial to this is a triangular, serrated surface, for articulation with the frontal bone; this surface is continuous medially with the sharp edge, which forms the lower boundary of the superior orbital fissure, and laterally with the serrated margin for articulation with the zygomatic bone.
		On the under surface of the vaginal process is a furrow, which is converted into a canal by the sphenoidal process of the palatine bone, for the transmission of the pharyngeal branch of the internal maxillary artery and the pharyngeal nerve from the sphenopalatine ganglion.
	www.bartleby.com /107/35.html (2775 words)

	Palaeos Vertebrates: Bones: Braincase: Sphenoid: Sphenoid
		The sphenoid thus incorporates derivatives of all three embryonic skull tissues: the endochondral bone of the neurocranium, the dermal bones of the palate, and gill arches.
		The ventral surface of the sphenoid body bears a triangular spine along the midline, the sphenoidal rostrum, which is continuous with the sphenoidal crest on the anterior surface, and articulates with a deep fissure between the wings of the vomer.
		The primary purpose of the sphenoid spine appears to be the attachment of the dorsal end of the sphenomandibular ligament.
	www.palaeos.com /Vertebrates/Bones/Braincase/Sphenoid.html (2110 words)

	[No title]
		Approaches Surgical approaches to the sphenoid sinus began in the early 20th century as recognition of sellar tumors became known with advances in neurology, pathology, and radiology.
		Once the posterior attachment of the middle turbinate is reached, the turbinate is pushed laterally and the sphenoid ostium is identified posterior and slightly superior to the posterior attachment of the middle turbinate.
		Sphenoid sinus: Anatomic Study with Considerations of the Clinical Significance of the Structural Characteristics of the Sphenoid Sinus.
	www.utmb.edu /otoref/Grnds/Sphenoid-200010/Sphenoid-0010.doc (3997 words)

	[No title]
		However, because of the fact that the sphenoid sinus sits in the skull base with important neurological and vascular structures around it and in it, it is important when disease or complications of disease warrant surgery that surgical approaches are clear.
		The sphenoid is measured and 1- 1 1/2 cm above the choana, the sphenoid is entered and the disease is dealt with.
		Sphenoid disease should be very carefully removed to avoid injury to the optic nerve (superiorly) and carotid (posterior laterally).
	www.american-rhinologic.org /news.1199.surgappr.phtml (863 words)

	Sphenoid bone - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The sphenoid bone is a bone situated at the base of the skull in front of the temporals and basilar part of the occipital.
		The sphenoid bone somewhat resembles a butterfly or bat with its wings extended, and is divided into the following parts:
		Two sphenoidal conchae are situated at the anterior and lower part of the body.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sphenoid (185 words)

	ANATOMY OF SPHENOID, CAVERNOUS SINUS & TRANS-SPHENOID APPROACH
		The sphenoids are a pair of unequal air sinuses, separated by a bony septum which is rarely in the midline.
		perichondrium and mucoperiosteum of the nasal septum are elevated. The perpendicular plate of the ethmoid and septal cartilage are moved aside, to expose the rostrum (keel) of the sphenoid.
		The rostrum of the sphenoid is removed and the hole in the face of the sphenoid is enlarged to allow access to the floor of the sella turcica.
	www.ghorayeb.com /TransSphenoidAnatomy.html (310 words)

	Palaeos Vertebrates: Bones: Braincase: Sphenoid: Sphenethmoid
		With the development of skulls constructed of strong dermal bones, the importance of the sphenoid was reduced.
		Instead, the midbrain was roofed by dermal bones, and the principle sphenoid ossifications became a series of bar-like bones which supported the brain ventrally and sometimes laterally.
		The remainder of the anterior sphenoid region was unossified.
	www.palaeos.com /Vertebrates/Bones/Braincase/Sphenethmoid.html (1441 words)

	Sphenoid Sinus
		Sphenoid sinuses are found deep within the skull behind the ethmoid sinuses.
		Sphenoid sinuses drain the mucus into the very back part of the nose through a special opening called ostium.
		There are critical structures such as the nerves for vision and major blood vessels that carry blood to and from the brain which lie in close proximity to the sphenoid sinuses.
	www.sinus-pro.com /sphenoid_sinus.asp (152 words)

	ENT Academic Faculty Services: Rhinology & Sinus Surgery - New York Eye & Ear Infirmary
		The sphenoid sinus drains independently of the middle meatus, and medial to the posterior insertion of the middle turbinate.
		When the sphenoid ostium cannot be identified, the sinus is best entered in the medial and inferior quadrant of the anterior wall of the sinus.
		As reported by Harris Mosher, the average distance of the sphenoid sinus ostium is 7 cm from the anterior nasal spine to the face of the sinus at an angle of 30 degrees from the floor of the nose (Mosher, 1929).
	www.nyee.edu /ent_rss_sts_sphenoid02.html (660 words)

	Article Insider - Sphenoid Sinusitis
		Sphenoid sinusitis is one of the more difficult areas of sinusitis to diagnose.
		The sphenoid sinus is very close to the optic area, vascular, and neurologic anatomical structures of the body.
		Chronic infection of the sphenoid sinus is sometimes compromised by a fungal infection as well.
	www.articleinsider.com /article/145573 (279 words)

	ENT Journal
		Because the superior nasal cavity was narrow, the inferior half of the superior turbinate was resected (figure 1, A), and the sphenoid sinus was entered via a natural sphenoid sinus ostium (figure 1, B).
		StealthStation CT (Medtronic; Minneapolis) of the sinus confirmed the preoperative diagnosis of a tumor of the clivus and sphenoid sinus (figure 2).
		The appearance of the posterior wall of the sphenoid sinus appeared to be normal.
	www.entjournal.com /Past_Issues.htm?ID=3803 (653 words)

	Cranial Balancing II: Sphenoid Evaluation - BioSonics.com
		Sphenoid Evaluation discusses sphenoid movements in relationship to an energy approach to life challenges.
		Emphasis is given to temporal bone mobility and spinal posture related to sphenoid/ occiput balance.
		Side of Ease is taught to correct sphenoid and movement patterns of all cranial bones.
	www.biosonics.com /Detail.bok?no=401 (84 words)

	MEDIAL SPHENOID WING MENINGIOMA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		In the last issue of this Newsletter, I discussed tuberculum sellae meningiomas which arise in the midline of the skull base from the region of the tuberculum sellae and planum sphenoidale In this issue we move laterally to discuss medial sphenoid wing meningiomas.
		These meningiomas involve the region of the anterior clinoid, adjacent medial sphenoid wing, superior orbital fissure, and cavernous sinus (Fig 1).
		Two of the patients with recurrence had reoperation and then radiation therapy to the small residual tumor Following radiation therapy, five patients are stable and one has shown slight growth over a follow-up of 2-13 years (mean, 5-6 yr).
	neurosurgery.mgh.harvard.edu /CranialBaseCenter/a95.htm (844 words)

	Supreme nasal turbinate as a landmark during endoscopic sphenoid sinus surgery Ear, Nose & Throat Journal - Find ...
		The supreme turbinate's inferior insertion is lateral to the ostium of the sphenoid sinus.
		The sphenoid sinus ostium usually lies between the inferior attachment of the supreme turbinate (when present) laterally and the nasal septum medially (figure, C and D).
		It is important to remember that the sphenoid sinus ostium is situated in the anterosuperior portion of the sphenoid sinus (usually about 1.5 cm from the floor of the sinus) and that the optic nerve and the internal carotid artery are often exposed in the lateral portion of the sphenoid sinus.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0BUM/is_2_83/ai_114005016 (670 words)

	Medcyclopaedia - Sphenoid sinus
		The degree of pneumatization of the sphenoid bone is also very variable; the sphenoid Sinus
		Inflammatory disease is common in the sphenoid Sinus
		Sphenoid fractures are often complicated by post-traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leak.
	www.medcyclopaedia.com /library/topics/volume_vi_2/s/sphenoid_sinus.aspx (991 words)

	A Common but Erroneous Interpretation of the AP X-ray
		The edge of the lessor wing of the sphenoid and the edge of the nose are natural contours that the eye is drawn to.
		Also notice the right sphenoid is a bit darker than the left one, meaning the region of missing tissue and/or air extends down to at least the lower orbital rim.
		The edges, however, are merely the natural contours of the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone and the nose.
	mcadams.posc.mu.edu /xray/sphenoid/sphenoid.htm (780 words)

	eMedicine - Sinusitis, Sphenoid, Acute, Surgical Treatment : Article Excerpt by: Rami K Batniji, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Complications arise from the relationship of the sphenoid sinus to vital vascular, neurologic, and optic structures.
		The outcome of sphenoid sinusitis is highly dependent on the speed of diagnosis.
		Pathophysiology: The pathophysiology of sphenoid sinusitis involves blockage of sinus ostia and impaired mucociliary clearance leading to stasis and secondary bacterial infection.
	www.emedicine.com /ent/byname/sinusitis-sphenoid-acute-surgical-treatment.htm (671 words)

	Sphenoid sinus infection, anyone heard of this?
		The Sphenoid sinuses are located in the body of the sphenoid bone.
		The inflammation of this sinus often is felt as a nagging headache behind the eyes or on the side of the head.
		Any condition that may involve the sphenoid sinuses, needs to be addressed as quickly as possible.
	www.medhelp.org /forums/Allergy/messages/123.html (503 words)

	ENT Academic Faculty Services: Rhinology & Sinus Surgery - New York Eye & Ear Infirmary
		The sphenoid sinus is bordered above by the brain and pituitary gland and laterally, or on its sides, by the optic nerves and the major blood to the anterior brain.
		The third form of sphenoidotomy is to approach the sphenoid sinus through the maxillary and ethmoid sinuses.
		As is seen in this patient, the sphenoid sinus may extend beyond the body of the sphenoid bone to pneumatize or involve the adjacent regions.
	www.nyee.edu /ent_rss_sts_sphenoid01.html (448 words)

	A 56-year-old female presented with blurring of vision and frequent headaches... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Thickening and sclerosis of underlying sphenoid bone is seen.
		Meningiomas are solid, well-circumscribed and highly cellular tumors that are usually benign histologically, originating from the arachnoid layer of the meninges, projecting inward from the dura, and indenting and compressing the underlying brain.
		Sphenoid wing meningiomas may involve the region of the anterior clinoid, adjacent medial sphenoid wing, superior orbital fissure, and cavernous sinus.
	www.indegene.com /Rad/ClinRound/indRadCase6.html (552 words)

	Approaches to the Sphenoid (10/00)
		The sphenoid sinus is a paired structure that is located predominantly in the sphenoid bone. The two sinus cavities are separated by a complete bony septum, approximately 0.6 mm thick, located in the midsagittal plane. Some asymmetry in size and shape is nearly always present, but marked septal deviations are relatively rare.
		A mucocele is the most common space-occupying lesion in the sphenoid sinus. Patients with mucoceles may present with headaches, visual disturbances, anosmia, or even endocrine abnormalities. Radiographs are usually diagnostic. Treatment is sinusotomy with either drainage or removal of the mucocele.
		A variety of septal incisions can be made and combined with a lateral alotomy for quick and direct access to the sphenoid. Once the incisions are made, elevation and dissection proceeds as with the other transseptal procedures.
	www.utmb.edu /otoref/Grnds/Sphenoid-200010/Sphenoid-0010.htm (848 words)

	Reassessment of Sphenoid Dysplasia Associated with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 -- Jacquemin et al. 23 (4): 644 -- American ...
		A, Infiltration and decalcification of the sphenoid wing underlying neurofibromas.
		Enlargement of the left middle cranial fossa with temporal arachnoid cyst, absence of the left sphenoid wing, and flattening of the temporal bone.
		of the sphenoid bone as the skull expanded during childhood.
	www.ajnr.org /cgi/content/full/23/4/644 (2437 words)

	Benign Expansile Lesions of the Sphenoid Sinus: Differentiation from Normal Asymmetry of the Lateral Recesses -- Lewin ...
		Benign Expansile Lesions of the Sphenoid Sinus: Differentiation from Normal Asymmetry of the Lateral Recesses -- Lewin et al.
		and the foramen rotundum, the greater wing of the sphenoid was
		Tomography in the diagnosis of sphenoid sinus mucocele (SSM).
	www.ajnr.org /cgi/content/full/20/3/461 (3017 words)

	Sphenoid Sinus Surgery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Even though endoscopic surgery the maxillary sinus inferiorly the ethmoid sinus medially and the sphenoid sinus posteriorly disease Levine HL May M. Endoscopic Sinus Surgery.
		Disease in the sphenoid sinus gum and enter the nasal cavity and then the sphenoid sinus.
		Sphenoid Sinus that carry blood to and from the brain which lie in close proximity to the sphenoid sinuses.
	www.fbcgreenacres.org /sphenoid-sinus-surgery.htm (438 words)

	Acute or Sphenoid Sinusitis Treatment
		The disease may be limited to the sphenoid sinus or, more commonly, may involve multiple sinuses or pan sinusitis.
		Frequency: Sphenoid sinusitis often occurs in the context of pan sinusitis.
		In the preantibiotic era, Teed reported an incidence of sphenoid involvement of 33% in patients with pan sinusitis.
	www.allergy-asthma-sinusitis.com /sphenoid_sinusitis.htm (682 words)

	Age-Related Expansion and Reduction in Aeration of the Sphenoid Sinus: Volume Assessment by Helical CT Scanning -- ...
		suture (Figs 1 and 4); 6) the bilateral compartments of sphenoid
		portion of the sphenoid bone during childhood (1).
		hypothesized that aeration triggers the conversion of the sphenoid
	www.ajnr.org /cgi/content/full/21/1/179 (2128 words)

	sphenoid - definition by dict.die.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		sphenoid n : butterfly-shaped bone at the base of the skull [syn: sphenoid bone, os sphenoidale]
		Sphenoid bone (Anat.), an irregularly shaped bone in front of the occipital in the base of the skull of the higher vertebrates.
		It is composed of several fetal bones which become united the adult.
	dict.die.net /sphenoid (85 words)

	Sphenoid bone definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Sphenoid bone: A prominent, irregular, wedge-shaped bone at the base of the skull.
		The sphenoid bone has been called the "keystone" of the cranial floor since it is in contact with all of the other cranial bones.
		The Greek physician Galen wrote that the sphenoid bone was "like a wedge thrust between the skull and the superior maxilla."
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=10465 (117 words)

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