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Topic: Sphingomyelin

	Phospholipid - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		The backbone of sphingomyelin is sphingosine, an amino alcohol formed from palmitate and serine.
		The amino terminal is acylated with a by a long-chain acyl CoA to yield ceramide.
		Sphingomyelin is present in all eukaryotic cell membranes, but is mainly present in cells of the nervous system.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/p/h/o/Phospholipid.html (513 words)

	Lipid Tests - Definition, Purpose, Description, Precautions, Preparation, Aftercare, Risks, Results
		During the first half of gestation, the levels of lecithin and another lipid known as sphingomyelin in the amniotic fluid are approximately equal.
		Infants born prematurely may suffer from respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) because the levels of pulmonary surfactant in their lungs are insufficient to prevent collapse of the air sacs.
		The reference method for determining fetal lung maturity is the ratio between lecithin and sphingomyelin in the amniotic fluid, or the L/S ratio.
	www.surgeryencyclopedia.com /La-Pa/Lipid-Tests.html (1590 words)

	Lipidoses - Definition, Description, Demographics, Fabry's disease, Gaucher disease, Krabbe's disease
		The different types seem to be related to the activity level of the enzyme sphingomyelinase.
		In patients with types A and B NPD, there is a build-up of sphingomyelin in cells of the brain, liver, spleen, kidney, and lung.
		Type A is the most common form of NPD and the most serious, with death usually occurring by the age of 18 months.
	www.healthofchildren.com /L/Lipidoses.html (2476 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Niemann-Pick
		The four forms of Niemann-Pick Disease are all characterized by an accumulation of sphingomyelin and cholesterol in cells, particularly in the cells of major organs, such as the liver and the spleen.
		The four most commonly recognized forms of the disease are types A, B, C, and D. Each subtype involves different organs and may or may not involve the central nervous system or respiratory system.
		If ASM is absent or not functioning properly, sphingomyelin cannot be broken down (metabolized) properly and accumulates within the cells, eventually causing cell death and the malfunction of major organ systems such as the liver, brain, and lung.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/001207.htm (1427 words)

	Red Wine Extract - Vitacost
		At the end of each period the fatty acid composition of individual phospholipids was determined on isolated platelets.
		RESULTS: Consumption for a period of 4 weeks of non-alcoholic components either from 320 ml of red wine or from the same amount of dealcoholised red wine resulted in similar increases in polyunsaturated fatty acids in all phospholipid fractions of platelet, with the exception of sphingomyelin.
		No differences were detected when we compared the composition of phospholipids at the end of red wine and alcohol treatments with findings at the end of dealcoholised treatment and abstinence.
	www.vitacost.com /science/medstudies.cfm?litid=27 (3916 words)

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