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# Topic: Spin (physics)

###### In the News (Fri 14 Dec 18)

 ScienceDaily: Spin (physics)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) In physics, spin refers to the angular momentum intrinsic to a body, as opposed to orbital angular momentum, which is generated by the motion of its center of mass about an external point. Spin (physics) -- In physics, spin refers to the angular momentum intrinsic to a body, as opposed to orbital angular momentum, which is generated by the motion of its center of mass about an external... Physics for Scientists and Engineers combines outstanding pedagogy with a clear and direct narrative and applications that draw the reader into the physics. www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/Spin_(physics)   (1424 words)

 Spin (physics) - guideofcasinos.com   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) In physics, spin is an intrinsic angular momentum associated with microscopic particles. The concept of spin was introduced in 1925 by Ralph Kronig, and independently by George Uhlenbeck and Samuel Goudsmit. Photons are spin-one particles, and the hypothetical graviton is a spin-two particle. www.guideofcasinos.com /Spin_%28physics%29.html   (1181 words)

 Spin (physics) Info - Encyclopedia WikiWhat.com   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) Spin is an intrinsic angular momentum associated with quantum mechanical particles. Furthermore, the spin-statistics theorem states that particles with integer spin correspond to bosons, and particles with half-integer spin correspond to fermions. Spin was first discovered in the context of the emission spectrum of alkali metals. www.wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/s/sp/spin__physics_.html   (683 words)

 Spin (physics) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In physics, spin refers to the angular momentum intrinsic to a body, as opposed to orbital angular momentum, which is generated by the motion of its center of mass about an external point. The spin of composite particles, such as protons, neutrons, atomic nuclei, and atoms, is made up of the spins of the constituent particles, plus the orbital angular momentum of their motions around one another. This is understood to refer to the spin of the lowest-energy internal state of the composite particle (i.e., a given spin and orbital configuration of the constituents). en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Spin_(physics)   (2085 words)

 Spin (physics) - LearnThis.Info Enclyclopedia   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) Furthermore, the spin-statistics theorem states that particles with integer spin are bosons, and particles with half-integer spin are fermions. A further difference from classical mechanical spinning is that the spin is not described by a vector, but by a two-component object (for spin-1/2 particles): there is an observable difference under coordinate rotations. Magnetic material may be modelled by a system of spins located at positions in a lattice, where the interaction of neighboring spins contributes to the total energy of the system and the states of the spins change according to some non-deterministic (probabalistic) rule (the dynamics of the system). encyclopedia.learnthis.info /s/sp/spin__physics_.html   (826 words)

 Spin physics at RHIC Spin is the direction a particle is spinning around an axis as it travels -- just like the Earth spins on its axis as it travels around the sun. In this picture of a proton-proton collision, the spin of the particles is shown as arrows circling the spherical particles. RHIC spin experiments should provide the first information on how much the spin of gluons contributes to the proton's spin, a contribution which recent theoretical work suggests may be large. www.bnl.gov /RHIC/spin_physics.htm   (396 words)

 CHAPTER-3 In nuclear magnetic resonance, it is unpaired nuclear spins that are of importance. The signal in NMR spectroscopy results from the difference between the energy absorbed by the spins which make a transition from the lower energy state to the higher energy state, and the energy emitted by the spins which simultaneously make a transition from the higher energy state to the lower energy state. On a microscopic scale, the spin in the upper energy state (B) is emitting a photon which is being absorbed by the spin in the lower energy state (A). www.cis.rit.edu /htbooks/nmr/chap-3/chap-3.htm   (2510 words)

 Stern Gerlach experiment ... - SciForums.com The spin particles return north in tehe absence of an external field, which reads suscpiciously like some nonlocal force channels are at work or working together with mainatining the correct deviation from the +S direction fof the mpv.. The magnetic polarization vector, ("spin state vector") may be considered as spherical until perturbed by the field/gradient forces which distor the "perfect" spherical magnetic monopole. Spin states are not generated in the heat of the tungsten filament that produced the spin-1 particles for observatioopn. www.sciforums.com /showthread.php?t=44254&goto=nextoldest   (5620 words)

 Spin (physics) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) The concept of spin was introduced in 1925 by, and independently by George Uhlenbeck and. For instance, the spin angular momentum of an electron, measured along any particular direction, can only take on the values $\hbar/2or-\hbar/2\left(where\hbaris Planck\text{'}s constant divided by 2\pi \right).$ It is common to measure the spin in one direction — and the corresponding operator will be $\mathbf\left\{S\right\} \cdot \hat\left\{n\right\}where n is a unitvectorin the desired direction and$ www.selma.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Spin_(physics)   (1270 words)

 Electron spin The electron spin magnetic moment is important in the spin-orbit interaction which splits atomic energy levels and gives rise to fine structure in the spectra of atoms. The electron spin magnetic moment is also a factor in the interaction of atoms with external magnetic fields (Zeeman effect). The term "electron spin" is not to be taken literally in the classical sense as a description of the origin of the magnetic moment described above. hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/spin.html   (1020 words)

 CERN Courier - Bookshelf - IOP Publishing - article A significant part of the monograph deals with the problem of nucleon spin structure - the topic widely discussed since 1988 when the results of the European Muon Collaboration showed that the spin of the proton is not the sum of the spins of its individual quarks. The helicity structure of QCD interactions is considered thoroughly and fermion spin structure is analysed for the case of massive and massless spinors. One chapter is devoted to spin effects in elastic scattering at high energy, which is a most fundamental type of reaction and where a lot of experimental data exist at low and medium energies. www.cerncourier.com /main/article/41/9/21   (864 words)

 Jefferson Lab - Workshop on Inclusive & Semi-Inclusive Spin Physics with JLab 12 GeV With the availability of 11 GeV beams in the existing experimental halls after the Jefferson Laboratory energy upgrade, it will be possible to explore deep-inelastic electron scattering processes with unprecedented precision. We are planning a workshop to explore the physics topics that would be enabled by a spectrometer/detector package centered around a large volume, high field solenoid. On Thursday, the unique physics that can be learned from studying semi-inclusive processes with polarized beams and targets at high luminosity will be addressed. conferences.jlab.org /spin   (228 words)

 Levitron -- Spin stabilized magnetic levitation   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) An upper spin limit of 2779 rpm for this top is observed experimentally and explained as an adiabatic condition. Spin stabilized magnetic levitation is a macroscopic analog of magnetic gradient traps used to confine particles with a quantum magnetic moment. Besides discovering spin stabilization Harrigan designed a square dish-shaped base that established a suitable magnetic field configuration, made a top with the right rotational inertia, mass, and magnetic moment, found the small capture volume, and invented a means of moving the spinning top to the to the right location. www.physics.ucla.edu /marty/levitron   (726 words)

 Spin in quantum physics: general theory and application on 'The Proton Spin Crisis' The theoretical framework for small scale phenomena is quantum physics, where the word "quantum" refers to the smallest possible package of a physical quantity. Spin is revealed to result from the symmetries of space-time. Finally, we try to introduce a phenomenological "hybrid particle"-model, composed of quarks and gluons, of the proton in order to explain the infamous "Proton Spin Crisis" problem, the experimental observation that little or nothing of the spin of a proton seems to be carried by the quarks of which it consists. epubl.luth.se /1402-1617/2003/299   (317 words)

 Science Grid This Week Spin is the direction a particle spins around an axis as it travels, just as the Earth spins on its axis as it travels around the sun. Physicists study the spin of the gluons by changing the spins of the colliding protons and measuring the number of certain particles produced in the collisions. Although large gluon spins are eliminated as a possibility, PHENIX and STAR scientists continue to analyze data to determine the exact gluon spin contribution to the proton spin. www.interactions.org /sgtw/2005/1109/phenix_more.html   (517 words)

 Spin (Nucleon Structure) Physics at UC Riverside Spin is a property of particles as fundamental as charge and mass. The spin of the proton was first determined in 1927, yet we still do not know what makes up the spin of the proton. Spin measurements have historically yielded surprising results and are a stringent test to theories as spin is an intrinsically relativistic and quantum mechanical aspect of particle interactions. www.physics.ucr.edu /research/spin.html   (304 words)

 CERN Courier - Putting a spin on physics - IOP Publishing - article Last year marked the tenth anniversary of the European Muon Collaboration's publication, which launched the nucleon spin problem ­ the spin of the proton is not the sum of the spins of its individual quarks. Different theoretical approaches to the nucleon spin problem in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) are related, to a large extent, to the renormalization and the role of the axial anomaly. The theoretical status of spin effects in hard hadronic reactions was discussed by P Ratcliffe (Milan), while the current experimental results were covered by A Bravar (Mainz). www.cerncourier.com /main/article/39/02/17   (688 words)

 Automags.Org Online Forums - Paintball Spin Physics - Getting to the final Answer I think it may be a combination of spin and a nonuniform coating of fill on the outside of the ball which causes the horrible accuracy one sees when firing a shot from a paint-filled barrel. The axis of spin is very approximately 30 degrees from the horizontal plane and 30 degrees from the vertical plane extending along the direction of motion. Some or all of the spin on the ball is preserved in the first two and a half feet from the muzzle and is not damped out. www.automags.org /forums/showthread.php?t=64669&page=3&pp=30   (6925 words)

 A short course on Bohm's theory. In Bohmian mechanics, spin isn't even a *property* of the particles; rather, it is carried by the wave function. Spin measurements don't reveal the value of some pre-existing property, "spin", that particles possess in addition to other properties (position, mass, charge,...). This is an example of what it means for spin to be a "contextual property" -- technically, "contextual" means that the value you get depends not just on which QM operator corresponds to your measurement, but more -- how, specifically, that measurement is performed. www.physicsforums.com /showthread.php?t=63673&page=2   (6571 words)

 Detecting the spin of a single electron The advance could help facilitate the direct, rather than theoretical, study of the physics of electron spin decoherence, which is a critical step toward manipulating and monitoring the spin of a single electron. Electron spin control could be crucial for the creation of nanoscale electronics, the magnetic resonance imaging of single molecules and the development of quantum computers. The spin orientation of the electron was converted to an electrical charge, which was then measured using a device called a Field effect transistor, or FET. www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2004-08/danl-dts081004.php   (484 words)

 A short course on Bohm's theory. Text - Physics Forums Library You'll of course find that you always get spin+, since you already *told* us that you got spin+ the first time -- i.e., we already *know* that the actual configuration point after the first measurement is in the spin+ (and "patrick believes spin+") branch of the wf. Spin measurements "seem to indicate" that there is something like spin, but there isn't. But the mere existance of Bohmian theory, which agrees with MWI on the essential, namely strict unitary evolution, means that this part is what is "strong" and then you invent a story to explain "what branch of the wavefunction is the "real" one". www.physicsforums.com /archive/index.php/t-63673.html   (17436 words)

 SPIN DYNAMICS AND SNAKES IN SYNCHROTRONS The success in the standard model and to the continuing research for a better understanding of the quantum chromodynamics has resulted in a great interest in spin physics among high energy and nuclear physics. This book is intended to be used as a graduate/senior undergraduate textbook in accelerator physics and sciences. The material covers the equation of motion for polarized beams in synchrotrons, spin depolarizing resonances, practical methods used in overcoming spin resonances, effects of spin rotators — called Siberian snakes — on the polarization vector, snake resonances, Sokolov—Ternov radiative polarization of electrons, and design principles of spin rotators. www.worldscibooks.com /physics/3233.html   (256 words)

 Spin   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) Spin, in physics is the intrinsic angular momentum of a sub-atomic particle. The existence of spin was suggested by the Dutch-born American physicists Samuel Abraham Goudsmit and George Eugene Uhlenbeck in 1925. In general usage, stating that a particle has spin 1/2 means that its spin angular momentum is 1/2 (h/2p). www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/Sciences/Physics/Atomicphysics/spin/spin.html   (309 words)

 MIT Physics Faculty: Bernd Surrow The spin physics program at RHIC at BNL focuses on the collision of polarized protons to gain a deeper understanding of the spin structure of the proton in a new, previously unexplored territory. In 1989, at the beginning of his university studies at the Department of Physics at the University of Wurzburg, he was awarded a scholarship by the German National Academic Foundation. Surrow received a Ph.D. in Physics in 1998 by the University of Hamburg and was awarded the DESY Ph.D. Thesis prize and the Ph.D. Thesis prize by the Department of Physics at the University of Hamburg. web.mit.edu /physics/facultyandstaff/faculty/bernd_surrow.html   (750 words)

 Automags.Org Online Forums - Paintball Spin Physics - Getting to the final Answer Although I mentioned this problem on my physics page, I stayed away from trying to deal with it because of its nightmarish complexity and the fear that I was already running the risk of losing readers at a high rate. Another is that since the spin axis is at a strange angle relative to the camera, that there it is simply a problem of representing a 3D operation in a 2D image. If the spin is comparable then i may be way off but i would think that a nylon ball with no seam would not have as much spin as a paintball with dimples/flatspots/seams. www.automags.org /forums/printthread.php?t=64669&page=3&pp=30   (7740 words)

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