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	Spina bifida - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Spina bifida is caused by the failure of the neural tube to close during embryonic development.
		Spina bifida occurs in the first month of pregnancy, often before the woman knows that she is pregnant.
		Spina bifida results in varying degrees of paralysis, absence of skin sensation, incontinence, and spine and limb problems depending on the severity and location of the lesion damage on the spine.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Spina_bifida (1477 words)

	Spina Bifida
		Spina bifida is a birth defect that involves the incomplete development of the spinal cord or its coverings.
		Spina bifida occurs when, at the end of the first month of pregnancy, the two sides of the embryo's spine fail to join together, leaving an open area.
		Spina bifida occulta is the mildest form of spina bifida (occulta means hidden).
	kidshealth.org /parent/system/ill/spina_bifida.html (1143 words)

	About -- Management of Myelomeningocele Study (MOMS) for spina bifida treatment
		Spina bifida is a complicated birth defect which has occurred in human beings for thousands of years.
		The effect of spina bifida on the muscles and bones is complex and varies significantly depending on the level of the defect in the spinal cord.
		Because spina bifida affects so many body systems it is important that professionals from many areas be consulted to provide up-to-date, comprehensive medical, psychological and social evaluation, support and treatment.
	www.spinabifidamoms.com /english/about.html (1320 words)

	Spina bifida (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Spina bifida is the common name for a range of birth defects caused by problems with the early development of the spine.
		Many children with spina bifida have other orthopedic complications, including clubfeet and hip dislocations, as well as abnormal curves and bends in their spinal structure, which can result in a hunchbacked or twisted appearance (kyphosis and scoliosis).
		However, spina bifida occulta may be confused with a fatty tumor, or may be so subtle as to be just the slightest dimple at the base of the spine.
	www.chclibrary.org /micromed/00065840.html (1807 words)

	Pediatric Oncall- Spina Bifida (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Spina bifida is the term used to describe a birth defect resulting from abnormal fusion of the developing spinal tissues and even the brain.
		Spina bifida occulta refers to a defect in the vertebra (spine bone).
		A very extreme form of spina bifida in which the brain and spinal cord are exposed to the environment.
	www.pediatriconcall.com /forpatients/CommonChild/spina_patient.asp (301 words)

	Spina Bifida
		Spina bifida is one of the most commonly occurring congenital disorders (birth defects), in the United States, affecting more infants each year than muscular dystrophy and cystic fibrosis combined.
		Spina bifida can occur anywhere along the backbone but is most often found in the small of the back or further down.
		When an infant is born with spina bifida occulta, the skin is normal and covers the deformity of the spine.
	clevelandclinic.org /health/health-info/docs/2000/2035.asp?...&src=news (883 words)

	Spina Bifida
		Spina bifida has many synonyms that are used more or less interchangeably, including spina bifida, spina bifida aperta, spina bifida cystica, spina bifida occulta, meningocele, and myelomeningocele.
		The search for spina bifida-causing genes is complicated, she explained, because of the lack of clear-cut inheritance in spina bifida, the scarcity of multigenerational spina bifida families, and the uncertainty about how genetics and environmental factors work together in causing spina bifida.
		Spina bifida occulta, or "hidden" spina bifida, occurs when there is a small defect or gap in a few of the vertebrae in the backbone.
	www.shrinershq.org /patientedu/spinabifida.html (3845 words)

	Pediatric Neurosurgery - Spina Bifida (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Spina bifida is one of the most common birth defects compatible with life.
		Hydrocephalus is usually present in @80-90% of children with spina bifida and should b e treated when determined, usually before discharge from the hospital.
		Another entity which is common in children with spina bifida is known as Chiari Malformation.
	cpmcnet.columbia.edu /dept/nsg/PNS/SpinaBifida.html (631 words)

	Spina Bifida (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Spina bifida, also called myelodysplasia, is a condition in which there is abnormal development of the back bones, spinal cord, surrounding nerves, and the fluid-filled sac that surrounds the spinal cord.
		The primary goal of managing spina bifida is to prevent infection and to preserve the spinal cord and nerves that are exposed outside of the body.
		Since spina bifida is a life-long condition that is not curable, management often focuses on preventing or minimizing deformities and maximizing the child's capabilities at home and in the community.
	www.chw.org /display/PPF/DocID/5838/router.asp (1918 words)

	Disability Info: Spina Bifida Fact Sheet (FS12)
		Spina Bifida means cleft spine, which is an incomplete closure in the spinal column.
		The effects of myelomeningocele, the most serious form of spina bifida, may include muscle weakness or paralysis below the area of the spine where the incomplete closure (or cleft) occurs, loss of sensation below the cleft, and loss of bowel and bladder control.
		Although spina bifida is relatively common, until recently most children born with a myelomeningocele died shortly after birth.
	www.nichcy.org /pubs/factshe/fs12txt.htm (867 words)

	Spina Bifida -- Topic Overview
		Spina bifida is a birth defect in which the bones of the spine (vertebrae) do not form properly around the spinal cord.
		Spina bifida is the most common of a group of birth defects called neural tube defects.
		Spina bifida develops in a fetus early in pregnancy, often before a woman knows she is pregnant.
	my.webmd.com /hw/raising_a_family/hw169958.asp (206 words)

	Spina Bifida Occulta and Open Spina Bifida - A Patient's Guide
		Spina bifida is a defined as any abnormal development of the bones of the spine that display a typical pattern, with or without the involvement of the brain, nerves or covering of the nerves (meninges).
		Open spina bifida and underlying spinal abnormalities associated with occult spina bifida are treated by a neurosurgeon.
		Generally patients with spina bifida lead a productive life, but it is critical that they engage medical specialists with an interest and expertise in spina bifida in order to maximize their functional potential.
	www.spineuniverse.com /displayarticle.php/article234.html (984 words)

	Online NewsHour: Forum -- Spina Bifida and Folic Acid -- September 2002
		I was born with spina bifida in 1968 at Emory.
		Spina bifida usually is an isolated birth defect.
		Risks of spina bifida for siblings -- and presumably for offspring -- of affected individuals are reduced by up to 70 percent if the prospective mother takes 4 mg of folic acid daily, starting at least a month before conception and continuing through the first month or two of pregnancy.
	www.pbs.org /newshour/health/folic_acid/forum1.html (799 words)

	Spina Bifida Clinic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Spina bifida is a common birth defect that occurs when the spinal column (back bone), which protects the spinal cord and nerves, fails to close properly during the first month of pregnancy.
		Spina Bifida Clinic is held the second and third Tuesday of the month in Clinic C on the second floor of Children's Hospital.
		Spina Bifida Association of Wisconsin - Children's Hospital Spina Bifida Program is a gold sponsor of the annual Sprint For Spina Bifida, co-sponsor of the Baby/Parent Connection Luncheons, and the clinical nurse specialist is director for the GOAL Independence Project.
	www.chw.org /display/PPF/DocID/5824/router.asp (868 words)

	Spina Bifida Incidence at Birth -- United States, 1983-1990
		Spina bifida, a birth defect of the spinal column that can cause varying degrees of paralysis, is a major contributor to serious developmental disabilities in the United States.
		Spina bifida incidence rates were determined for each state during the surveillance period; however, the specific surveillance periods during 1983-1990 varied by state (Table 1).
		From 1983 through 1990, the spina bifida incidence rate for these 16 states was 4.6 cases per 10,000 births; during this period, the annual rate declined from a peak of 5.9 cases per 10,000 births in 1984 to 3.2 cases per 10,000 births in 1990 (Figure 1).
	wonder.cdc.gov /wonder/prevguid/m0017197/m0017197.asp (1286 words)

	Spina Bifida and Anencephaly Prevalence --- United States, 1991--2001
		Spina bifida declined 24% during this period, and anencephaly declined 21%.
		The prevalence of spina bifida reported on birth certificates declined from 24.88 (95% CI = 23.25--26.52) per 100,000 live births in 1991 to 20.09 (95% CI = 18.63--21.54) in 2001 (Table, Figure).
		Spina bifida and anencephaly are serious birth defects that occur when the neural tube fails to close properly during fetal development.
	www.cdc.gov /mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5113a3.htm (1635 words)

	Kennedy Krieger Institute: Center for Spina Bifida and Related Conditions
		Spina bifida is a complex condition that presents challenges in multiple domains.
		Evaluation and treatment of spina bifida and secondary conditions (such as seizures, coordination problems or weakness, learning disabilities, chronic wounds or incontinence) is achieved through a working partnership between interdisciplinary team members including the patient and family.
		The Spina Bifida Center is receiving an increased number of referrals of adults due to a lack of adult facilities with expertise in this area; it is also identifying previously undiagnosed neurocognitive dysfunction in this population.
	www.kennedykrieger.org /kki_cp.jsp?pid=1416 (1047 words)

	Spina (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Between the two sections of the spina are two officials holding a palm branch and a wreath for the victor.
		At the eastern end of the spina of the Circus Maximus, there was an obelisk, which had been brought to Rome by Augustus in 10 BC from Heliopolis ("the Sun's city") to remind his fellow Romans of his great military victory over Antony and Cleopatra.
		Also, by a false etymology, the Circus was associated with Circe, the daughter of the Sun and the mother of Latinus, the eponymous king of the Latins in Italy.
	depthome.brooklyn.cuny.edu /classics/dunkle/romnlife/spina.htm (523 words)

	Spina Dragons
		Spina dragons speak their own tongue, a tongue common to all dragons, at 25% of hatchling spina dragons have an ability to communicate with any intelligent creature.
		Spina dragons are part energy dragons, this making them, if necessary use energy attacks, this being the only form of magic they do use.
		Spina dragons will not hesitate to help any creature if it feels it's help is needed, it does not back away from an opponent no matter what the alinement or size.
	www.stormpages.com /i/islandofryus/Spina.html (1059 words)

	Medical References: Spina Bifida (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Spina bifida is the most common of a group of birth defects called neural tube defects (NTDs).
		Most children with severe spina bifida have a tethered spinal cord, meaning that the spinal cord does not slide up and down with movement as it should, because it is held in place by surrounding tissue.
		According to the Spina Bifida Association of America (SBAA), between 18 and 73 percent of children with spina bifida are allergic to latex (natural rubber), possibly due to intense exposure during surgeries and medical procedures.
	www.marchofdimes.com /professionals/681_1224.asp (2474 words)

	What is Spina Bifida (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Since spina bifida occurs within the first few days after conception, folic acid must be taken for at least 28 days before becoming pregnant.
		Should hydrocephalus occur, a shunt is implanted surgically to drain the excess fluid and thus prevent damage to the brain, retardation and possible death.
		Children with spina bifida must have multiple surgeries, physical therapy, and lifelong medical care and equipment for associated problems.
	www.sbak.org /what_is_spina_bifida.htm (589 words)

	Spina Bifida Association of Delaware
		Spina Bifida is a birth defect which involves damage to the spine and nervous system.
		Spina Bifida means that the vertebrae and the spinal cord did not form properly as the fetus developed in the mother’s womb.
		Spina bifida is often accompanied by hydrocephalus (water on the brain)which can be controlled by a surgical procedure called shunting.
	www.angelfire.com /de/sbaofde/sbadhome.doc.html (449 words)

	Spina Bifida Association of the Tri-State Region (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Spina bifida is the most common, permanently disabling birth defect in America.
		In addition, due to poor circulation of the cerebral spinal fluid, eighty-five percent of babies born with spina bifida have an accumulation of fluid in the brain, known as hydrocephalus.
		The mission of the Spina Bifida Association of the Tri-State Region is to empower the lives of people with spina bifida and promote the prevention of spina bifida through advocacy, education, collaboration, public awareness, research and programs.
	www.sbatsr.org /aboutus/sbhistory (594 words)

	"Miraculous" Fetal Surgery Shows Babies With Spina Bifida Shouldn't be Aborted
		The number of parents choosing to abort because of spina bifida is not known, but a 1996 report by the federal Centers for Disease Control found that during 1985-1994 selective abortion of children diagnosed with spina bifida was between 20 to 30 percent in five of six states surveyed.
		Spina bifida commonly causes paralysis or weakness of the legs, bowel and bladder incontinence, neurological impairments and learning disabilities.
		Nearly all children born with spina bifida must undergo surgery after birth to implant permanent shunts to remove excess liquid from the brain that would cause brain damage although those who have undergone the surgery have half the chance of requiring the shunts.
	www.lifenews.com /nat149.html (1008 words)

	Illinois Spina Bifida Association
		Spina bifida is the failure of the spine to close properly during the first month of pregnancy and results in varying degrees of paralysis, loss of sensation in the lower limbs, difficulty with bowel and bladder management, hydrocephalus, and learning disabilities.
		The cause of spina bifida is unknown, and the scientific community is unable to explain whether the determinants of spina bifida are genetic or environmental.
		The mission, of the ISBA is to improve the quality of life for people with spina bifida and their families through direct services, information, referrals, and public awareness.
	www.illinoissba.org (360 words)

	Spina Bifida
		With spina bifida occulta (say: uh-kul-tuh), the opening in the person's back is covered by muscle and skin and the spinal cord is usually normal.
		When most people talk about spina bifida, though, they mean myelomeningocele (say: my-uh-low-meh-nin-jo-seel), from words meaning "spine" and "swelling." In this type, the baby is born with a sac protruding from the opening in the spine.
		Most kids with spina bifida have some problems with their bowels and bladder.
	kidshealth.org /kid/health_problems/bone/spina_bifida.html (824 words)

	Spina bifida - MayoClinic.com
		Spina bifida is a serious birth defect that occurs when the tissue surrounding the developing spinal cord of a fetus doesn't close properly.
		In babies with spina bifida, an area along the lower end of the neural tube fails to develop or close properly, causing defects in the spinal cord and in the bones that make up the backbone (vertebrae).
		Spina bifida is one of the more common birth defects in the United States.
	www.mayoclinic.com /invoke.cfm?id=DS00417 (335 words)

	Family Village / Spina Bifida
		The Spina Bifida Association of America's mission is to promote the prevention of spina bifida and to enhance the lives of all affected.
		The Spina Bifida Association of Canada has a mission to improve the quality of life of all individuals with spina bifida and/or hydrocephalus and their families.
		Spina Bifida Association of the Roanoke Valley - Virginia
	www.familyvillage.wisc.edu /lib_spin.htm (620 words)

	Illnesses and Disabilities - Spina Bifida (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Spina Bifida is the most common of all birth defects.
		Living with Spina Bifida: A Glimpse for Prevention Campaign Partners - This book gives a personalized account with pictures and words of mild and severe Spina Bifida affecting two children in one family.
		Although some children with spina bifida may be able to walk, hip and joint abnormalities can often cause problems as they become adults.
	www.4woman.gov /wwd/wwd.cfm?page=82 (800 words)

	Spina Bifida Association:
		Funds raised at this gala event will be used to promote the prevention of Spina Bifida and to enhance the lives of all affected.
		Spina bifida is a birth defect that can happen to anyone.
		A collection of 10 short stories about real people and their families living with spina bifida.
	www.sbaa.org (267 words)

	For Providers - Spina Bifida / Children of Women Vietnam Veterans (CWVV)
		The veteran served in the active military, naval or air service and was exposed to an herbicide agent during such service in or near the Korean demilitarized zone.
		For the purpose of this program, spina bifida is defined as all forms or manifestations of spina bifida (except spina bifida occulta), including complications or associated medical conditions related to spina bifida.
		Beneficiaries are encouraged to read it carefully prior to using their spina bifida benefits.
	www.va.gov /HAC/forproviders/spina/spina.asp (397 words)

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