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Topic: Spindle (textiles)

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	Spindle (textiles) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A spindle (sometimes called a drop spindle) is a wooden spike weighted at one end with a wheel and an optional hook at the other end.
		Spindles or parts of them have been found in very, very old archaelogical sites; they may represent one of the earliest pieces of technology available to humankind.
		A spindle was such a universal object (as a pair of scissors would be now), that the king's ban upon all spindles in the kingdom was immediately recognized as a useless precaution.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Spindle_(textiles) (302 words)

	Spindle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A spindle is a measure of spun cotton equal to 18 hanks
		A spindle is the axis on which the platters of a computer hard disk spin.
		A spindle is a woodworking machine rotating on a vertical axis in which shaped cutters are mounted for cutting mouldings, rebates and similar features in wood.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Spindle (256 words)

	Mechanical Devices For Preparation Of Textiles
		Ancient methods of spinning.-The earliest method of spinning was simply to twist the textile fibers into a thread by means of the thumb and fingers, or between the palms of the hands, or sometimes, between the palm of the hand and the naked thigh.
		The primitive spindle.-This stick, the primitive spindle, was usually held in the right hand, while the mass of fibers to be spun was held in the left.
		It combined three important parts, the spindle to twist the yarn or thread, the distaff to hold the loose raw fiber, and a wheel, operated either by hand or by a treadle, to turn the spindle and wind the finished yarn.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles04/textiles3.shtml (4540 words)

	Technology & Living Standards - Textiles
		A textile is any kind of woven, knitted, knotted (as in macrame) or tufted cloth (fabric), or a non-woven cloth made of fibers that have been bonded into a fabric, e.g.
		Textile also refers to the yarns, threads and wools that can be spun, woven, tufted, tied and otherwise used to manufacture cloth.
		There are many animal (sheep, camel, silkworm, alpaca, rabbit, etc.) and plant (cotton, flax, jute, bark, etc.) sources for textile fibers, but wool from sheep and cotton from the cotton plant are the most important in their effects on living standards.
	www.mikalac.com /tech/clo/textiles.html (1442 words)

	Textile Materials and Technologies
		Spindle: A slender rod which is rotated in order to twist fibers into yarn.
		Spinning wheel: device used to twist fibers into yarn, in which the spindle is turned by the use of a wheel.
		Wool: Usually refers to the fine, soft, scaly fibers covering the skin of sheep, although it may occasionally be used as well to refer to the hair of the Angora goat (Mohair), the Cashmere goat, the Camel, and the Alpaca, or Vicuna (animals of the Andean plateau).
	char.txa.cornell.edu /media/textile/textile.htm (548 words)

	AllRefer.com - spinning (Textiles And Weaving) - Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The earliest tools were the distaff, a stick on which the fiber was wrapped, and the spindle, a shorter, tapering stick notched at one end and weighted by the wharve or whorl (a disk of stone or clay).
		The spindle was twirled to twist the thread, which was then wound on it.
		The great, or wool, wheel, revolving the spindle directly, then by a pulley, twisted the thread; it was then stopped and revolved in the opposite direction to back off the spun yarn, which was then wound on the spindle.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/spinning.html (563 words)

	Regia Anglorum - Anglo-Saxon and Viking Crafts - Textiles
		The spindle was made of wood, or, sometimes bone and was weighted at the bottom with a 'whorl' or UFO shaped weight of clay, wood, bone, stone or metal and even amber.
		Sprang is a way of weaving that produces textiles with a high degree of elasticity and can be used to weave a tube.
		Tablet weaving is one of the oldest European textile techniques, traceable to at least the early iron age.
	www.regia.org /textiles.htm (2078 words)

	chronology of medieval boys' clothing textiles
		A drop spindle was fashioned from wood or bone and weighted on the bottom with stone or metal.
		The yarn was produced by drawing the fiber out from the spindle and twisting it in the process.
		Weavers produced a wide range of wool textiles, which were variously referred to as woollens, worsteds, and semi-worsted ‘stuffs’.
	histclo.com /chron/med/eco/me-tex.html (1843 words)

	Chapter 10. Technical Change and the Textiles Industry in Tanzania: International Development Research Centre
		The cotton textiles sector (Mlawa 1983) provides the basis for this case study.
		Capacity utilization is indicated by the ratio of machine—hours (i.e., spindle—hours or loom—hours) to the total stock of installed equipment (i.e., spindles or looms).
		In the case of spinning, the stock of equipment in the mills did not change during the period of the study.
	www.idrc.ca /en/ev-30784-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html (2525 words)

	Chapter 19
		Textiles constituted both utilitarian and specialized categories of artifacts (primarily clothing), and were in high demand from all classes of society throughout Mesoamerica.
		Spindle Whorls from Laguna de On Spindle whorls one of few artifacts that can be recovered archaeologically from Maya sites to reflect this important industry (Sharer 1994:724), as other artifacts involved were made of perishable materials.
		Spindle whorls have a long use life, as they are small, compact, and not easily destroyed.
	www.albany.edu /anthro/fac/masson2/1997/chapter_19.htm (1806 words)

	Ydalir Vikings - Textiles: Spinning techniques
		The use of hand spindles has never died out and is still practised today as a living tradition in many parts of the world besides the growing number of people in our own culture who are taking it up as a relaxing and creative pastime.
		A small light spindle weighing 1oz or less is for fine fibres like cotton, silk and some animal hairs and is sometimes used supported in a little bowl or held in the hand so as not to break the thread.
		A 4oz spindle with a 4inch diameter whorl is the sort of thing you would use for thick bulky yarn or for plying, that is twisting together, two or more finer strands of yarn.
	www.ydalir.co.uk /crafts/spin.htm (1542 words)

	New World Textiles
		To ply on a spindle wheel, you should wind your yarns together first into a center pull ball, called doubling (or tripling, etc.) then hold the ball in your hand and ply onto the spindle.
		Consider that Kate was probably called "lazy" for realizing that with the advent of the flyer and bobbin she did not need to use the traditional method of winding the yarns she wanted to ply on a nostepinne.
		The traditional method of winding your yarns side by side, under the same tension, into a center-pull ball is an extra step that is not necessary for a wheel with a flyer and bobbin.
	www.charkha.biz /Techniques/Global.htm (401 words)

	Viking Textiles - All Fiber Arts
		Viking textiles and clothing were influenced by the cultures in which they traveled.
		Viking textiles influenced and were influenced by the many countries in which they travelled.
		Wool was spun using a drop spindle made of wood or bone, and weighted with a whorl of bone, wood, clay, stone or metal.
	www.allfiberarts.com /library/aa97/aa042197.htm (465 words)

	Butser Ancient Farm - Textiles
		The drop spindle is known from times when no record of the spinning wheel exists and is presumed to be the earliest device for producing a continuous thread.
		However, such spindles have been seen by Reynolds in use in remote places in Turkey and, perhaps more importantly, spindles are valuable tools and so may be prized and decorated, just as so many of the examples from the Bronze Age and even the Neolithic appear to be, in the pictures above.
		These examples should allow the student to appreciate that, although both spindle weights and loom weights have a hole through the middle, the purpose of any given artefact is usually quite clear-cut, once the method of use is understood.
	www.butser.org.uk /iaftex_hcc.html (1499 words)

	Leonardo da Vinci - WINGED SPINDLE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Leonardo's winged spindle, which allowed, first for the stretching, twisting and then for the winding of same section of thread, was the basis for the later development of the continuous spinning machine.
		The wheel, that is...), followed by the detail of the spindle, marked by letters n a o r m, the spool with its belt and the spindle.
		On the left-hand margin there is an inscription which has no reference with the spinning machine: "Li omini nati in paesi caldi amano la notte..." (men born in warm countries love the night...).
	www.museoscienza.org /english/leonardo/fusoaletta.html (266 words)

	Textiles Library - New Book at the Textiles Library, 7/29 News
		The low-whorl spindle was commonly used in Engish-speaking parts of the world, while the high-whorl spindle was more common in Scandinavia, Eastern Europe, and the Middle East.
		Gibson-Roberts recommends the high-whorl spindle as the superior of the two, both in speed and ease of use.
		Clear instructions and line drawings lead the beginning spinner through choosing a spindle and supplementary tools, acquiring fiber, preparing it for spinning, mastering spinning techniques, and finishing the yarn.
	www.lib.ncsu.edu /news/textiles.php?p=1327&more=1 (390 words)

	Civilization.ca - Treasures Gallery - Salish spindle whorl
		Salish women were considered virtually unrivalled in their ability to produce beautiful textiles that had social and spiritual significance.
		The ancient art of weaving Salish-style blankets was revived in the 1960s and it continues as a vibrant expression of cultural identity.
		The whorl was placed on a wooden spindle to add the weight needed to maintain the spinning motion, and to prevent the wool from falling off the rod as it was being spun.
	www.civilization.ca /tresors/treasure/228eng.html (128 words)

	Technology in Australia 1788-1988, Chapter 5, page 278
		The third, and in the long term the most important, combing development of this period was the comb developed by Heilmann in France.
		The major advance in spinning in the 19th Century was undoubtedly the introduction of the ring spindle (Fig.
		When the spindle revolves, the traveller is pulled around the ring by the yarn, which is attached to the bobbin, and puts in one turn of twist for each revolution.
	www.austehc.unimelb.edu.au /tia/278.html (376 words)

	Medieval North European Spindle Whorls
		Some spindles had slits or notches carved in their ends, while others were smooth on the ends.
		Many spindles are double-notched, indicating that they could do double duty for either bottom- or top-weighted spinning.
		Other spindles were lathe-turned with a prominent swelling in the middle tapering toward smooth pointed ends, such as the ones from medieval Bergen (Øye, p.
	www.cs.vassar.edu /~capriest/spindles.html (1582 words)

	CRAFTS of North-East - Textiles of Nagaland
		The spindle is made of along spike of hard wood frequently of the sago palm with a point at the bottom, greatest thickness being just above this point.
		This stone weights the spindle and for a long time, the point being potsherd covered with a cloth to keep it from wandering.
		From the spindle, the thread is wound on to a sort of double T- shaped stick.
	www.ignca.nic.in /craft256.htm (3928 words)

	VIJAYESWARI TEXTILES -Coimbatore Textiles,coimbatore exporters,india textile exporters (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Vijayeswari Textiles Limited is a fine count (Avg count NE 90) spinning mill which exports over 50 percent of its output.
		Since Vijayeswari Textiles Limited was established in 1955, the company has grown from a small 10,000 spindle mill to a well modernised, high quality, 50,000 spindle, 100 percent combed cotton, super fine spinning mill.
		In the years to come, the company is planning to expand its capacity to 100,000 spindles in order to expand its count range.
	www.webindia.com /vijayeswari (739 words)

	Hand woven rugs from Oaxaca valleys (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		After being conquered by the Aztecs, their textiles were a major tribute item.
		The appearance of this design in Oaxaca is interesting; it is familiar from the famous Saltillo (Coahuila) serapes of 19th century México and their cousins made by the Navajo.
		Advanced techniques such as tapestry weaving, which permits the inclusion of geometric motifs, birds, horses, and garlands of flowers, have reached their height in the elaborate scenes of pre-Colombian murals and codices from the workshop of Isaac Vásquez.
	www.oaxacaoaxaca.com /weaving.htm (1476 words)

	India : Gangotri Textiles expands spindle capacity - Textile Fashion News Fibre2Fashion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Gangotri Textiles in Coimbatore has initiated Rs351-crore expansion plan and, of this Rs257 crores will be funded as loan by a group of banks.
		This is the first time in Coimbatore that eight banks join hands to finance loan of such a big size to a single textile company, says R Nadanasabapathy, Head of the Regional Office, SBI Capital Markets Limited, Chennai.
		Company plans to add more than 50,000 spindles to its existing capacity of about 17,000.
	www.fibre2fashion.com /news/textile-news/newsdetails.aspx?news_id=14009 (180 words)

	Barco \| Textiles \| SpinMaster Winding
		Monitoring the individual behavior of each spindle or drum on the winder provides information that can be used to improve production and quality.
		SpinMaster collects this information from each position on the winder by means of a special interface board installed for each spindle or by an interface to the machine information system already available on the winder.
		Yarn clearing parameters, such as clearing channels with classification matrix and clearer curves, can be displayed and edited on the central system for each machine or style.
	www.barco.com /textiles/en/products/product.asp?element=1369 (203 words)

	Textiles Library - July 2005 News
		This article discusses plans for a "a textile corridor for heritage tourism." Similar to Civil War routes, the textile route would help preserve and showcase the history of textiles in North Carolina.
		From the rich skills and velvets woven fro noble families in the fifteenth century, to the technical innovations of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Italian textiles have always been synonymous with style and luxury.
		Remarkably few of the silk textiles made for the royal courts and the great palaces survive today, but the collection of the Museum of Islamic Art, Qatar, contains examples that express the wonders of this past, the imagination of these artists and the great skill of the weavers and dyers.
	www.lib.ncsu.edu /news/textiles.php?m=200507 (3756 words)

	Spindle Whorl (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Although this picture makes the spindle whorl appear very large it is in fact as small as a dime.
		Spindle whorls were extremely important for the manufacture of textiles.
		The textiles in the photo gallery demonstrate the skill possessed by the Inka weavers.
	www.sfu.ca /archaeology/museum/laarch/inca/tng8e.html (92 words)

	Spindle Tapes - Worldwide
		We offer a full retrofit and integration service to existing machines Also supplying the High Speed Plug and Go Spindle that plugs straight into your existing machine tool.
		The Habasit Group is a globally oriented, independent group of companies with more than 1800 employees worldwide, one of the market leaders in the area of power transmission and conveyor belting.
		We move everything from textiles, paper, print, food, tabacco, wood, stone, ceramics and even fitness equipment.
	www.kellysearch.com /qz-product-92581.html (818 words)

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