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Topic: Spinifex people

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	Spinifex - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Spinifex is any species of various clump-forming, perennial Australian grasses, growing in arid regions and having awl-shaped, pointed leaves.
		Unlike the plants of the related genus Triodia, Spinifex species are found only in wet habitats along coastlines.
		The term "Spinifex" also refers to porcupine grass, any of a group of spiny-leaved, tussock-forming grasses of genus Triodia native to inland Australia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Spinifex (109 words)

	Spinifex on the beach
		Spinifex on the beach is located high on the main ridge of sand dunes at Sandy Point, with direct ocean beach access as well as panoramic views of Shallow Inlet, the Strzelecki Ranges, and glimpses of Wilsons Prom.
		Spinifex on the beach is spacious yet private, and is surrounded by mature banksia, tea-tree and wattle trees and native gardens, with the coastal bush of the foreshore reserve along the rear boundary of the property.
		Spinifex on the beach’s kitchen is equipped with Quarella quartz composite bench tops, a European commercial stainless steel stove, a dishwasher, a refrigerator and all crockery, cutlery, cooking utensils and glassware.
	www.promaccom.com.au /spinifex (568 words)

	The Epoch Times \| Australia’s Last Nomads Travel to London
		The Spinifex People made modern Australian history in 2000 as the first Aborigines to be awarded native title in Australia.
		Spinifex Arts Project coordinator Dr Peter Twigg told ABC London that the art project started in 1997 when the Spinifex People’s native title claim was being processed.
		The Spinifex People had no reported contact with any non-Aboriginal people until they were forced to leave their land when nuclear testing began half a century ago.
	www.theepochtimes.com /news/5-5-27/29009.html (321 words)

	Speaking Land
		People travelled to and from Ooldea from the far off mountain ranges in Central Australia, and from the west and east.
		Aboriginal people came in from the spinifex country to the north, drawn by curiosity about the railway, by the availability of new goods, and by sheep stations and towns further south.
		Many people have returned to country around Ooldea and to the north with the return of their land under the Maralinga Tjarutja Land Rights Act of 1984, and the handback of Ooldea to Aboriginal people in 1988.
	www.samuseum.sa.gov.au /aacg/speakingland/story05/05_story.htm (881 words)

	Aboriginal Economy & Society : Case Studies :
		People were very mobile, largely because of the scarcity of water, hence portability was a major consideration.
		The gum was beaten from the spinifex, and winnowed in a kanilypa dish, the chaff burned off on an anvil stone, and the result pounded (see Brokensha 1975:64-5).
		Apparently Pitjantjatjara people did not use the fluted boomerang in the early years of colonisation, but it is reported for other areas of the Western Desert.
	arts.anu.edu.au /aesatc/technology/pitjantjatjar.html (2478 words)

	Pila Nguru: The Spinifex People - smh.com.au
		Eventually most people were moved from the Spinifex homelands to missions at Cundeelee and Warburton - although some senior custodians stayed in the desert to maintain responsibilities.
		This statement is symptomatic of an anthropological romanticism that characterises Aboriginal people as specimens of an ancient culture, thereby continuing a form of disempowerment by denying Aboriginal self-identity.
		It is difficult to imagine the Spinifex people feeling comfortable with, for example, Cane recounting his participation in serious men's ceremonies.
	www.smh.com.au /articles/2002/08/02/1028157838770.html (819 words)

	CLC \| Our Land - Land Management
		Spinifex grass is used two ways, one is for over head shelter from rain to keep everything dry and out of the cold or the heat.
		People inhale it, it is good for their lungs and the whole of their chest, good for breathing.
		People from all directions, the west, the south, the north and the east used to come to this place.
	www.clc.org.au /OurLand/land_management/reports/report2-karlu-karlu.asp (3562 words)

	Resurgence Issue 234 - RETURN TO THE LAND by Rebecca Hossack
		The Spinifex People live in one of the least accessible areas of the world - deep in the arid wastes of the Victoria Desert on the northern fringe of the Nullarbor Plain.
		But one of the Spinifex People's stories describing the formation of the land during the Dreamtime recounts how much of the desert was once under water, and how the relentless advance of the waves was stemmed only by a great army of spirit birds, who built a massive rampart with their spears.
		The centuries-long isolation of the Spinifex People began to change only at the beginning of the 1950s, as graded roads were run across their country, prior to the establishment in 1956 of the Giles Weapons Research Station in the heart of the desert.
	www.resurgence.org /2006/hossack234.htm (964 words)

	Spinifex Arts Project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Ten paintings by the Tjuntjuntjara community, that eventually will be gifted to the people of Western Australia to mark negotiations of a land agreement with the traditional owners of ‘Spinifex country’, go on show at the Western Australian Museum from January 15, 2000.
		During the project the community decided that 10 of the paintings about their country would be gifted to the people of WA as a symbolic celebration of the negotiation of a Spinifex land agreement with the State.
		The community was established in the late 1980s as a camp outstation for traditional people who came in from the Great Victorian Desert region between the 1940s and mid-1960s.
	www.spinifex.org /mdia.html (443 words)

	Well Women's : Instinct 25 - The spin on spinifex
		Spinifex Press publishes fiction, non-fiction and poetry and covers issues that include lesbian health, violence against women, inequality and globlisation.
		Spinifex Press and a publishing house in India were the only two organisations in the world to create an anthology of women’s experiences from this time.
		Spinifex Press recognise the marginalised voice of women and comprehend the importance and relevance of making that voice public.
	www.rwh.org.au /wellwomens/awh.cfm?doc_id=8931 (941 words)

	Aboriginal Dreamings My Mother's Country, Grass Seed Dreaming, Bush Medicine Dreaming, Tingari Cycle Dreaming, Mina ...
		This is a major Spinifex painting based at Yarlirritja in the western sector of the Spinifex lands.
		The people of western Arnhem Land believe that Mimih spirits live in a social organisation similar to the Aboriginal people, and that Mimih society existed before humans.
		For the Spinifex People, the water is held in place and made available through the presence of Wanampi (Water Snakes), smart and powerful creatures that are revered and well respected.
	www.flg.com.au /FLG_dreamings.htm (1875 words)

	Hamas gains legitimacy in Palestine election win : Melbourne Indymedia
		The Palestinian people have expressed their confidence in a party unafraid of the cold shoulder of the West and committed to fighting corruption, poverty and all other obstacles to the present and future dignity of the Palestinian people.
		There's no need to keep shouting at people, Spinifex, who do not share your point of view - which appears to be one that considers one group of people Chosen or at least Deserving, but for another group sub-human treatment is acceptable, and absolute condemnation without reservation appropriate.
		Spinifex is a "small-l liberal" supporter of imperialism, who parrots the "well informed" type of right wing commentators such as Gerard Henderson.
	melbourne.indymedia.org /news/2006/01/104815_comment.php (3764 words)

	Western Australian Museum - Aboriginal Studies
		The massacre of Aboriginal people, painful and shameful as they are, should be as much a part of Australian history as the first fleet, the explorers, the gold rushes and the bushrangers.
		Their comments reveal how Nyoongar people survived the onslaught of colonialism, cultural genocide, the horrendous state government policies under which they were forced to exist, the Stolen Generations of children and the loss of their land, identity, culture, and purpose in their lives.
		That association with the land, law and people continued, cocooned within the spinifex plains of the Western Desert, for hundreds of generations until the Spinifex People were shaken from their nomadic solitude by the atomic shock of Maralinga.
	www.museum.wa.gov.au /oursites/perth/shop/aboriginal.asp (1954 words)

	European Network for Indigenous Australian Rights: news
		According to the exhibition's curator, Tony Oliver, these artworks are a direct rebuttal of the attempt by Keith Windschuttle, author of a new book, The Fabrication of Aboriginal History, to downplay the ferocity and frequency of frontier killings of the 18th and 19th centuries.
		When news of the academic debate filtered to the Kimberley, the old people who had been handed down stories from three eyewitnesses about their forebears being killed at Mistake Creek by whites were frustrated over their inability to reply.
		Gija people giving cross-cultural training to Argyle Diamond Mine workers in their region gave them "chilling accounts" of 11 massacres there, the Aboriginal academic Professor Marcia Langton said in her catalogue notes for the exhibition.
	www.eniar.org /news/kimberley.html (5226 words)

	Office of Native Title - Spinifex (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The second negotiated settlement of native title in Western Australia, to the Spinifex People, was enacted on 28 November 2000.
		The Spinifex People have the right to possess, occupy, use and enjoy the land to the exclusion of all others in part of the determination area (see map for more detail).
		The Spinifex people have the right to possess, occupy, use and enjoy the land in a non-exclusive way in another part of the determination area (see map for more detail).
	www.nativetitle.dpc.wa.gov.au /index.cfm?event=spinifex (244 words)

	Uluru - Kata Tjuta National Park: Fire Management
		There are two main vegetation groups in the Park: one dominated by spinifex and one dominated by mulga.
		Neighbouring patches of burnt, unburnt, recently burnt and aged spinifex create the best conditions for survival of a wide range of native animals, insects and plants.
		Some animals such as the tarkawara (spinifex hopping-mouse) prefer the nyaru (recently burnt areas) to spinifex for foraging while others such as tjantjalka (military dragon) move away until the spinifex cover comes back.
	www.deh.gov.au /parks/uluru/natural/fire.html (1324 words)

	IPA in the News \| Landmark Native Title Agreement an Eye-opener
		Despite what people unsympathetic to indigenous concerns might suppose, the claimants were very co-operative and responsible, nothing like the economic wreckers that Aborigines are sometimes feared to be.
		Indeed, it was the obvious personal goodwill between the older members of the claimant group and a number of the contemporary pastoralists that led Justice Madgwick, who was hearing the case, to urge the parties to mediate the claim instead of continuing with court action.
		Asked about the difference between her people's sentiments for their country and the sentiments that whites might have towards their stations, Linda Riley, the most senior female claimant, said she thought that at least some pastoralists would have similar feelings to hers.
	www.ipa.org.au /files/news_525.html (960 words)

	Warlpiri fire management
		My involvement with the Warlpiri people of the 'Tanami Desert' has been primarily as a linguist, though over the last decade I have been travelling with some Warlpiris and others back to parts of their country away from existing vehicle tracks.
		For some people this is their first return since they walked around the country, anything from thirty to over sixty years previously.
		The spinifex cover is constantly being assessed during travel as to whether it will sustain a burn: it may be too patchy (yarluyarlu) or too much space between the hummocks.
	www.anu.edu.au /linguistics/nash/abstracts/fire.html (1318 words)

	spinifex textured komatiites as stress textures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		They've done it to some extent with the extinction of the dinosaurs (though it wasn't an example of collective illumination), but in spinifex- textured komatiites they have something far more tangible, reproducible, and equally global to get their collective teeth into - but they don't, can't, or won't.
		It still escapes them, even though they literally get a clue right under their very noses when the celebratory beer they crack open on the komatiite outcrop after a hard hot day's pontificating about how these exotic rocks formed, refuses to go 'glug', but solidifies in the can when the ring's pulled.
		Now, it's well-known that the Moon can have this sort of effect on people, even on professors, especially ones that are able to overcome the conundrum of how to drink the ice-cold beer that has frozen under their nose, in the can, when the ring-thing's pulled.
	users.indigo.net.au /don/spinifex.html (1431 words)

	In Production (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		These visits are an opportunity for people to get to know each other and for Iain and the musicians to be introduced to the way of life of the Spinifex People.
		He is a young initiated Spinifex man and co-writer of the documentary.
		Our film will be driven by these people and their engagement with the woodland landscapes they work and live in.
	users.tpg.com.au /andreacc/CM/prod.htm (1434 words)

	Michael Brennan
		The 1985 Royal Commission was critical of the Australian Government’s efforts to ensure the safety of Aboriginal people, but was generally sympathetic to MacDougall himself, acknowledging that his task of trying to patrol more than a hundred thousand square kilometres of inhospitable desert country was a hopeless one.
		Evidence presented at the Royal Commission, and additional information that has subsequently come to light, shows that there were more than 100 Aboriginal people living in the desert at the time of the tests, some of whom travelled and hunted in the prohibited area, entirely unknown to the authorities.
		Siebert believed the Diyari and Wangkangurru people in the area would not survive and that he had a responsibility to ‘illuminate the evening’ of their lives with the ‘bright light of the Gospel’ but also felt it was his duty to collect what was left of their manners and customs.
	www.arts.adelaide.edu.au /historypolitics/history/pg_days (3590 words)

	introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In January 2001 the Spinifex People were awarded Native Title over an area the size of Tasmania, in the most remote region of Western Australia.
		Ten paintings depicting ownership of the Spinifex country were formally included in the preamble to the final land agreement.
		The Spinifex Arts Project was established in 1996 to help record and document ownership of Spinifex country.
	www.cooeeart.com.au /spinifex/intrdctn.htm (162 words)

	API Review of Books
		The basis for the Spinifex people’s land ownership (Ngura Tjantu) is of particular interest as a case study, because their relationship to the land is amongst the most nomadic and unsettled of any Aboriginal group.
		The Commonwealth of Australia had thought the Victoria desert to be finally ‘clear’ of Aboriginal peoples by 1965, but some Spinifex people had lived there still, regularly coming and going, forming what Cane calls an ‘unbroken chain between themselves, their country, and their ancient past’.
		This book demonstrates convincingly that the Spinifex people know their country intimately and in reading this book it is apparent how closely art, dwelling ownership, and belonging in the country are all related.
	www.api-network.com /cgi-bin/reviews/jrbview.cgi?n=1863683488 (983 words)

	Mark Anderson on behalf of the Spinifex People v State of Western Australia [2000] FCA 1717 (28 November 2000), Federal ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		This case concerns a determination of native title reached by Mr Mark Anderson on behalf of the Pila Nguru People, a people who are also known as the Spinifex People.
		The rights and interests of native title must operate in accordance with the traditional laws and customs of the Spinifex People and in accordance with the valid operation of the laws of the Commonwealth and the State of Western Australia.
		Mervyn & Ors on behalf of the Peoples of the Ngaanyatjarra Lands v State of Western Australia [2005] FCA 831 (29 June 2005)
	www.atns.net.au /biogs/A000197b.htm (990 words)

	Flinders University: News, events and notices - Land rights in pictures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The paintings have been produced through the Spinifex Arts Project that was set up in 1996 to help record and document ownership of Spinifex country as part of the land claim process.
		During the project the community decided that 10 major paintings documenting the country would be given to the people of WA in symbolic celebration of the negotiation of a Spinifex land agreement with the State.
		The paintings provide a striking account of the geographical and cultural area at the center of the Spinifex land agreement.
	www.flinders.edu.au /news/articles?oc13v09s06 (292 words)

	Spinifex Icon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		People used to go out hunting and collect seeds from the spinifex.
		It had to gather seeds and put them in a pile for people to collect.
		Spinifex wax were used on stone knives, spear, woomera and other things.
	www.jintaart.com.au /iconography/spinifex.htm (256 words)

	PM - Spinifex people win land title claim
		Chief Justice Michael Black presided over the final hearing and determination in the Great Victoria Desert for the Spinifex people, who'll now have exclusive possession of 55,000 square kilometres of land.
		It's one of the few claims the West Australian Government's negotiated during a continuing battle over native title which has led to a log jam of mining applications on pastoral leases.
		The Spinifex mob now has the right to possess and occupy the claim area which is about one-and-a-half times the size of Tasmania.
	www.abc.net.au /pm/stories/s217721.htm (679 words)

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