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Topic: Spiral (railway)

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Spiral Tunnels

Hillclimbing (railway)

Zig Zag (railway)

Inclined plane railroad

Cog railway

Canadian Pacific Railway

Big Hill

Rail transport

Field, British Columbia

Field

Gravity railroad

CPR

Citadis

	Field, British Columbia, Canada : A Travel Guide to Field BC and Yoho National Park : A map of Field, and history of ...
		Early prospectors and railway workers recognized the value of the area's natural resources and moved quickly to file mining and logging claims.
		Construction on the Spiral Tunnels began in earnest in 1907, driving the trains through two loops deep inside the mountains and reducing the slope of the descent to 2.2%.
		The Spiral Tunnels are in use to this day, and easily accessible viewpoints are a popular destination for visitors to Yoho National Park.
	www.field.ca /about (825 words)

	Transition Spiral
		A spiral in which the superelevation, and therefore the curvature, increases linearly with distance along the spiral has been found to be completely satisfactory.
		The angle ψ is the angle of the tangent to the spiral at (x,y).
		The necessity of spirals in highway geometric design is doubtful, since the vehicles can make their own adjustments to curvature and superelevation, speeds and weights are lower, and beginning the superelevation on the tangent probably helps the cars to steer into the curve anyway.
	www.du.edu /~jcalvert/railway/transpir.htm (1410 words)

	cubic spiral (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The spiral forms the first order approximation of the spiral for which the curvature is linearly related to the path, the clothoid.
		Railways are primarily constructed with straight lines and circular arcs, a transition curve makes a smooth transition between two curves with different curvature.
		The spiral of the The American Railway Engineering Association, the A.R.E.A. spiral is almost the same as the cubic spiral.
	www.2dcurves.com /cubic/cubics.html (124 words)

	A HimiIayan Loop Line
		Before the railway was built, a first-class road, built by the Government at a cost of £6,000 a mile, wound upwards to Darjeeling.
		The construction of the railway considerably reduced the cost of fares and transport, and made the benefits of a "hill climate" available to the poorer European who had to work and live on the plains of Bengal.
		This spiral begins just before the fourteenth mile-post, and is one of the most complicated and interesting pieces of engineering on the railway.
	mikes.railhistory.railfan.net /r007.html (2234 words)

	Wikinfo \| Railroad (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Like other forms of public transport, many railways are having to make considerable investment in order to meet new requirements for security in the face of recent terrorism incidents.
		This was soon followed by the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, which proved the viability of rail transport.
		Railways soon spread throughout Britain and through the world, and became the dominant means of land transport for nearly a century, until the invention of aircraft and automobiles, which prompted a gradual decline in railways.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=railway (1674 words)

	Improved spiral geometry for high-speed rail and predicted vehicle response - Excerpt Railway Track and Structures - ...
		The first deficiency is that when a vehicle encounters either end of the linear ramp of superelevation along the spiral, the spiral tries conceptually to have the vehicle roll velocity change abruptly from zero to a non-zero value.
		The spiral design method that is employed in the present paper (5, 6) differs from prior suggestions for spiral improvement in that it begins not with choice of spiral shape but rather with choice of the manner in which vehicle trucks should roll about the longitudinal axis as they traverse a spiral.
		They found that, with the improved spiral geometry including raised roll axis height, the lateral reaction forces applied by vehicles to the track at the ends of spirals were reduced sufficiently that the track alignment no longer suffered from the localized progressive deterioration that had been experienced previously.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0BFW/is_6_99/ai_104731104 (909 words)

	Amazon.com: The Spiral Tunnels and the Big Hill: A Canadian Railway Adventure: Books: Graeme Pole (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The Spiral Tunnels are explained through stories, maps, and diagrams which reveal the operation of the tunnels and how they solved the problems which resulted in so much mayhem and madness.
		The Spiral Tunnels: A Canadian Railway Adventure is informative and entertaining reading for railway enthusiasts, as well as for those with a general interest in the human history of the Canadian Rockies and Yoho National Park.
		The Spiral Tunnels and The Big Hill is informative and entertaining reading for railways enthusiasts, as well as for those with a general interest in the human history of the Canadian Rockies and Yoho National Park.
	www.amazon.com /Spiral-Tunnels-Big-Hill-Adventure/dp/1551539071 (943 words)

	Spiral (railway) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The bridge on the spiral loop at Dduallt on the Ffestiniog Railway, Wales.
		The civil engineering spiral curve is a curve of uniformly decreasing radius (beginning at infinite and ending at the radius of the circular curve) used to minimize rolling stock sway and also in highway curves for aesthetic reasons.
		Spirals are not generally used on tramways (street running or reserved track) or light rail lines because trams traditionally have all wheels powered, so can climb much steeper direct gradients than railways.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Spiral_(railway) (789 words)

	KVRR / Book / Lewistown & Reedsville Electric Railway Book
		He soon learned that there was a once thriving, honest-to-goodness country railway a mere 30 miles (48 kilometers) away in Lewistown, and became so interested in it, that he decided to write a book on it.
		Gordan put a lot of effort and research into this book - considering the railway was abandoned almost 70 years ago, he accumulated quite a large amount of facts and photographs on the old LandR.
		The plastic spiral binding does not hold up well to regular use, and the photographs are rather fuzzy due to the use of uncoated paper.
	www.kvrr.net /booklr.php (317 words)

	Exklusive modellanlagen und mehr...
		At the edge of the shadow railway station; the flank is to be seen clear on the cork mat.
		This ropeway is not anything for the beginner.The railway track route alone is already a challenge, to be bent around a continuous be available of the haulage cable in the guide rollers the going-route must reach.
		The train operation runs as that, both in the SB railway station and on free route and the two railway track spiral is supposed to run.
	modellanlagenbau-em.com /e_volkha.html (2071 words)

	Railway Crossings
		In Victoria these wooden signs were erected by the Victorian Railways at most ungated rail crossings.
		This sign and indeed the railway are now gone.
		The rails it warned of are still in the road, but the rest of the line had been pulled up.
	www.hobbiesplus.com.au /signspotters/railway_crossings.htm (682 words)

	Welcome to KB1MU's Web Site
		It cannot be said that the railway ever conquered the mountains, only that the railway copes with the challenge and the mountains tolerate the railway.
		To complete the Pacific railway as quickly as possible, a decision was made to delay blasting a lengthy 1400-foot tunnel through Mount Stephen and instead build a temporary eight-mile (13 km) line over it.
		Also under consideration was the extension of the route in a loop northwards, using both sides of the valley of the Yoho river to increase the distance, but again the valley sides were found to be prone to avalanches.
	webpages.charter.net /kb1mu/spiraltunnels.htm (869 words)

	Oregon Zoo - Washington Park and Zoo Railway
		The railway operates three trains, all of which were built to scale, five-sixths the size of the old narrow-gauge railways.
		The zoo railway grew out of a planned kiddie train that was to be part of Portland’s new zoo.
		With the demise of the Railway Post Office, the zoo railway is the last operating United States railroad with its own authorized railway postal cancellation to continuously offer mail service.
	www.oregonzoo.org /AboutZoo/train.htm (1042 words)

	Big Hill - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Big Hill on the Canadian Pacific Railway main line in British Columbia, Canada, was the most difficult piece of railway track in all of Canada.
		To complete the Pacific railway as quickly as possible, a decision was made to delay blasting a lengthy 1400-foot (430 m) tunnel through Mount Stephen and instead build a temporary eight-mile (13 km) line over it.
		Even after the opening of the spiral tunnels, Field Hill remained a significant challenge and it was necessary to retain the powerful locomotives at Field locomotive depot.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Spiral_Tunnels (892 words)

	Yoho National Park, British Columbia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The fascinating Spiral Railway Tunnels are visible from an overlook on the Trans-Canada Highway between the town of Field and the summit of the pass.
		The two Spiral Tunnels were built so as to increase the length of the railway track in its ascent of the pass, so easing the gradient considerably.
		The railway line which ascends the west side of Kicking Horse Pass through the Spiral Tunnels is also known as "The Big Hill".
	freespace.virgin.net /john.cletheroe/usa_can/natparks/yoho.htm (636 words)

	Dunderberg Spiral Railway: History
		In the Prospectus of the Dunderberg Spiral Railway, issued in November 1889, H J Mumford gives a "lowest estimate" of 300,000 visitors per year, assuming only 6 hours of operation per day over a 150-day season, and he says he expects twice that.
		The stream west of the summit was to be used for fresh water and hydropower.
		Its course is confusing but is basically two clockwise spirals followed by three switchbacks (long, U-shaped paths), of which the last is especially long and takes the cars to the farthest point from the base station, about 1.5 miles south.
	www.columbia.edu /~brennan/dunderberg/history.html (2494 words)

	Spiral Tunnels
		By the construction of these Spiral Tunnels this grade was reduced to 2.2 per cent.
		Thus the railway traverses the valley by three lines at different elevations, and crosses and re-crosses the Kicking Horse River by four bridges.
		The two tunnels are a perfect maze, for the railway doubles upon itself twice and forms a rough figure “8” in shape.
	www.samlindsey.com /Logging/Spiral_Tunnels.asp (298 words)

	FR Society
		The Ffestiniog Railway was opened in April 1836 to carry slates from the rapidly expanding mines in Blaenau Ffestiniog to the newly built harbour in Porthmadog, from where they were exported all over the world in wooden sailing ships built locally.
		In its heyday the Ffestiniog Railway carried 130,000 tons of slate a year but as other roofing materials were found the decline in the slate industry set in and eventually the railway closed in August 1946.
		Even though the railway has reached Blaenau Ffestiniog, there is still the need for an all-year-round volunteer workforce of all ages and both sexes to work together with the permanent staff.
	www.festrail.co.uk /frsoc.htm (383 words)

	[No title]
		Railway signalling in France, Belgium, Germany and Austria has many similarities to American and British signalling, but many interesting differences as well.
		French Railway Signalling mechanical and colour-light aspects and their meanings.
		Railway Lamps In 1881, from a contemporary report.
	www.du.edu /~jcalvert/railway/railhom.htm (641 words)

	Elderhostel : No Dates Available
		Centering on the world’s finest collection of trains at the National Railway Museum in York, we’ll learn about locomotion, rolling stock, narrow gauge railways, and artifacts as well as the wide-ranging influence of the railway on landscape, culture, economy, and society.
		Railway experts discuss the genesis of British railways and their social impact, trains in trouble, and the last years of steam.
		Field trips introduce the romance of steam trains aboard the Keighley and Worth Valley Railway -- where the 1970 movie “The Railway Children” was filmed -- and the North York Moors Railway at Goathland, model for Harry Potter’s Hogsmeade Station.
	www.elderhostel.org /Programs/unavailable.asp?part=11036 (541 words)

	AREA 10 Chord Spiral Start Page
		The Spiral Calculator Applet is run by the Java interpreter in your browser, therefore, the results are not guaranteed.
		The AREA formula applies to spirals with a central angle (Delta) of 45 degrees or less.
		Value must be >= 2 * the central angle of the spiral (Delta) and <= 90.
	home.comcast.net /~daletherail/curve/curveHome.html (475 words)

	Welcome to Brian’s Site
		Spiral Tunnels, he based his design on similar tunnels on the St. Gotthard Railway in
		The tail end of the mile‑long train was still entering the lower portal as the roar of two AC-4400s could be heard 100yards through the woods just below our vantage point on their way to the upper spiral tunnel.
		westbound intermodal that had been holding on a siding above the upper spiral tunnel rumbled downgrade through the woods below the viewpoint on its way to the lower spiral tunnel.
	www.public.iastate.edu /~bbowman/train/Articles.html (569 words)

	Ffestiniog Railway
		Of 1ft 11½in gauge, the Ffestiniog Railway was opened as a horse-drawn tramway in 1836 to transport slate from the Blaenau Ffestiniog quarries to the harbour at Porthmadog, the horses hauling the empty wagons to the top of the line, then riding down on the 'Dandy' wagon at the rear of the train.
		The track was lifted piecemeal until, in 1954, a group of enthusiasts, buoyed by the initiative shown by pioneers of the railway preservation movement on the Talyllyn Railway, stepped in to rebuild the line.
		Using the Ffestiniog Railway and its links to the national network, it is possible to complete a figure-of-eight circumnavigation of Wales by rail, duplicating only a short piece of track between Shrewsbury and Craven Arms on the Marches Line.
	members.aol.com /WalesRails/fest.htm (1536 words)

	Welcome to The International Railway Traveler (IRT)
		Ride a rack (cog) railway to the summit of the highest mountain in Wales, Mount Snowdon.
		We will continue to the seaside town of Tywyn for the Taly-llyn Railway, where we will travel in the first class section of a quaint wood-paneled coach as the train winds up the side of a hill to the terminal at Nant Gwernol.
		Some attractions and railways are not open every day and this may result in the program having to be adjusted.
	www.irtsociety.com /trainstreasureswales2004.html (1440 words)

	Field, British Columbia, Canada
		The tiny mountain community of Field is nestled on the banks of the Kicking Horse River at the foot of Mount Stephen in the heart of Yoho National Park, between the park's western boundary and Kicking Horse Pass.
		Field functioned as an important mountain stop and railway centre for the Canadian Pacific Railway from 1884 to the 1950s, due mainly to the problems associated with the Big Hill, and remains the east/west division point for the railway.
		The famous and fascinating Spiral Railway Tunnels at Kicking Horse Pass finally replaced the old route after 25 years.
	www.britishcolumbia.com /regions/towns/?townID=3494 (961 words)

	Harriman State Park
		This loop hike follows portions of the never-completed Dunderberg Spiral Railway and passes several expansive viewpoints over the Hudson River.
		This tunnel is a remnant of the Dunderberg Spiral Railway, the construction of which commenced in 1890.
		Large sums were spent on the project, two tunnels were partially completed, and much of the line was graded, but the promoters ran out of funds, and the railway was never finished.
	www.nynjtc.org /trails/record/021212.htm (1117 words)

	Amazon.com: Spiral Train Set: Toys & Games (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The design is so poorly made that once we finally got all of it put together the train could not fit down the lower part of the spiral ramp.
		But my son really wanted the spiral set so I tried using wood glue on the tracks to keep him from knocking it over.
		It's been money well spent - our son and his friends are endlessly fascinated by it and was not hard to put together at all - especially if you have some experience assembling tracks, bridges with risers and other layouts of modest complication.
	www.amazon.com /Spiral-Train-Set/dp/B0007XTNE4 (1294 words)

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