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Topic: Spirodela

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	Spirodela - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Spirodela is a genus of aquatic plant, commonly called duckweed.
		Spirodela species are free-floating thalii, 2-5 plants may remain connected to each other.
		Spirodela is larger (10 mm) than Landoltia (usually 3-6 mm with 2-3 roots per thallus) and Lemna (2-5 mm, one root per thallus).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Spirodela (186 words)

	Acupuncturetoday.com \| tell me about Spirodela (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Spirodela can either be taken alone or in conjunction with other herbs.
		The amount of spirodela to be taken depends on the condition being treated.
		However, spirodela should not be given to patients with weak constitutions, or those who suffer from excessive sweating.
	www.acupuncturetoday.com /herbcentral/spirodela.html (386 words)

	SpaTherapy.com \| Spirodela
		Also known as the duckweed, spirodela is an aquatic plant that typically floats on the surface in ponds and other areas of standing water.
		In traditional Chinese medicine, spirodela has pungent and cold properties, and is associated with the Lung and Urinary Bladder meridians.
		The general dosage of spirodela is between three and 10 grams of herb, mashed or ground into a powder and decocted in water for drinking.
	www.spatherapy.com /herbcentral/spirodela.php (386 words)

	The Lemnaceae (Duckweed Family)
		In Spirodela, Landoltia and Lemna it is a flattened structure with slender, hairlike roots on the underside.
		Spirodela and Landoltia are unique among duckweeds because of a minute, membranous scalelike leaf (prophyllum) enveloping the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the basal end.
		In Spirodela polyrrhiza the prophyllum is visible on young plants (fugacious in older plants) and on overwintering turions.
	waynesword.palomar.edu /1wayindx.htm (6698 words)

	Duckweed Pictures
		Spirodela species are the largest and least simplified of the Lemnaceae.
		This image is from the Ph.D. thesis (Developmental and Molecular Aspects of Turion Formation in Spirodela polyrrhiza and its Induction by Abscisic Acid, 1992, University of Edinburgh, Scotland) of Cheryl C.
		Florida's Native Duckweeds, Spirodela, Lemna, Wolffiella and Wolffia, from the University of Florida, Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants.
	www.mobot.org /jwcross/duckweed/duckpix.htm (689 words)

	Landoltia punctata
		Spirodela polyrrhiza has many roots (5-21); the frond is broad with nerves that are easily noticed and usually a red dot at the base of the nerves.
		In Spirodela (Landoltia) punctata the highest diversity was found in biotypes from Australia and southeastern Asia.
		The occurrence of Spirodela oligorrhiza in Western Pennsylvania.
	nas.er.usgs.gov /taxgroup/plants/docs/la_punct.html (1813 words)

	Greater Duckweed, Spirodela polyrhiza
		Family Lemnaceae, the Duckweeds As a result of their adaptation to aquatic habitats, they are among the smallest and simplest of the flowering plants, floating monocotyledons, only 1-15mm in size.
		Spirodela is the largest and least simplified of the Lemnaceae.
		A diminutive floating aquatic perennial, often forming a solid cover on the surface of quiet waters.
	www.rook.org /earl/bwca/nature/aquatics/spirodela.html (767 words)

	pub.htm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		APPENROTH, K.-J., GABRYS, H. (2001) Light-induced starch degradation in non-dormant turions of Spirodela polyrhiza.
		The bleaching effect of norflurazon (SAN 9789) in de-etiolating and autotrophically cultivated fronds of Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) SCHLEIDEN in comparison with Lemna gibba L.- Angewandte Botanik 64, 401 -410.
		APPENROTH, K.-J., AUGSTEN, H. (1991) Photophysiology of turion germination in Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) SCHLEIDEN IX.
	www.uni-jena.de /biologie/plantphys/pubapp.html (2301 words)

	ISB: Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants
		Spirodela oligorrhiza (Kurz) Hegelmaier, forma javanica Hegelmaier, Lemnac.
		Spirodela oligorrhiza (Kurz) Hegelmaier, forma genuina Hegelmaier, Lemnac.
		Spirodela oligorrhiza (Kurz) Hegelmaier, forma pusilla Hegelmaier, Lemnac.
	www.plantatlas.usf.edu /synonyms.asp?plantID=1680 (207 words)

	Spirodela - FullSearch.co.uk (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Spirodela polyrhiza Not flowers:, Spirodela polyrhiza © J R Crellin 2004 GreaterMagnoliophyta Flowering plants Spirodela polyrhiza Duckweed family Lemnaceae
		Spirodela polyrhiza is less common but much the largest and most elegantcharacter Rootlets The great duckweed Spirodela polyrhiza large 5 - 8 mm shiny and circular
		McClure, Jerry W. and Huerta, Alfredo J. (2004) Effects of a PAL inhibitor on phenolic accumulation and UV-B tolerance in Spirodela intermedia (Koch.).
	www.fullsearch.co.uk /search-Spirodela (292 words)

	Landoltia punctata [Spirodela punctata] - Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Wunderlin says this plant (as Spirodela punctata) is native to Florida, and calls it "dotted duckweed".
		This plant is easily confused with the native plant, giant duckweed, Spirodela polyrhiza.
		The native giant duckweed is larger, has rounder leaves, some have a red dot on the top, has up to 9 and more roots, and is dark red underneath the leaves.
	aquat1.ifas.ufl.edu /lanpun.html (260 words)

	Spirodela polyrhiza (Lemnaceae) - HEAR species info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Nomenclatural information about Spirodela polyrhiza is provided by ITIS.
		Copyright-free images of (or related to) Spirodela polyrhiza (Lemnaceae) (giant duck weed) by Forest and Kim Starr (USGS) are presented online.
		The Global Compendium of Weeds* cites references to Spirodela polyrhiza as a weed (*an early draft).
	www.hear.org /species/spirodela_polyrhiza (300 words)

	Lemnaceae - Images of Spirodela polyrrhiza
		The starch-filled turions have a specific gravity greater than 1.0 and sink to the bottom of ponds and lakes during the fall.
		During the spring, after the ice has thawed, the turions rise to the surface and germinate into a new population of Spirodela plants.
		Underside of a hydrated herbarium specimen of Spirodela polyrrhiza showing a small, scalelike prophyllum at the basal end of a daughter plant.
	waynesword.palomar.edu /imgsppo.htm (404 words)

	Spirodela polyrhiza -- Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Spirodela polyrhiza -- Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants
		Landoltia duckweed is smaller than Spirodela polyrhiza, is more shoe-shaped, does not have a red dot on top, usually has only up to 4 roots, and sometimes has a red margin on the underneath of the leaves.
		The native, Spirodela polyrhiza, giant duckweed, is larger, has rounder leaves, some have a red dot on the top, has up to 9 and more roots, and is dark red underneath the leaves.
	aquat1.ifas.ufl.edu /sppopic.html (174 words)

	Spirodela punctata (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Landoltia (Spirodela) punctata is a small floating plant that can grow into dense masses in still water.
		Landoltia (Spirodela) punctata may be easily confused with Spirodela, but there are some distinct differences.
		The leaves are more oval or shoe-shaped than Spirodela, and their shape makes it resemble a large Lemna species.
	www.mobot.org /jwcross/duckweed/duckpix-S_punctata.htm (186 words)

	Search for products to control Spirodela based upon pesticides registered in various states to control Spirodela (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Spirodela is a 'pest' (an unwanted organism) that can be controlled through the use of pesticides.
		Pesticides, such as products to control Spirodela, are regulated by State Departments of Agriculture.
		To find all products ever registered at EPA to control Spirodela: www.kellysolutions.com/epadata (login as username: 'Guest' and password: 'Guest' - your results will be limited to 5 items).
	www.kellysolutions.com /searchpests/Spirodela.htm (388 words)

	Spirodela polyrrhza - giant duckweed (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Purple-fringed riccia (Ricciocarpus natans) which has a lobed plant body and many purple root-like structures.
		A related species, Spirodela punctata, is also found in Washington.
		It has fewer veins (5 to 7) and fewer roots (2 to 7).
	www.ecy.wa.gov /programs/wq/plants/plantid2/descriptions/spipol.html (378 words)

	spirodela (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Weed status: Spirodela polyrrhiza is a serious weed in rice fields in Asia, South America and Europe.
		Additional comments: Spirodela contains three species world-wide, but only S.
		Spirodela polyrrhiza is larger, has more roots (5-21) per frond and has more rounded fronds than S.
	www.lucidcentral.com /keys/APPW/html/spirodela.html (189 words)

	PLANTS Profile for Spirodela polyrrhiza (common duckmeat) \| USDA PLANTS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		PLANTS Profile for Spirodela polyrrhiza (common duckmeat)
		Click on a thumbnail to view an image, or see all the Spirodela thumbnails at the PLANTS Gallery
		See county distributions for the following states by clicking on them below or on the map.
	plants.usda.gov /java/profile?symbol=SPPO (144 words)

	Spirodela punctata : dotted duckweed
		This duckweed arrived in my pond attached to other aquatic plants and is now abundant.
		More attractive than some duckweeds, having a purplish-red undersurface, but still very weedy and difficult to control.
		Add your comments and/or image on Spirodela punctata
	hortiplex.gardenweb.com /plants/p1/gw1038790.html (51 words)

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