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	Spithead and Nore mutinies - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The mutinies were potentially dangerous for the United Kingdom because at the time the UK was at war with the Revolutionary government in France.
		Inspired by the example of their comrades at Spithead, the mutiny at the Nore (an anchorage in the Thames Estuary) began on 12 May when the crew of the Sandwich seized control of the ship, one notorious for its vile conditions.
		In September 1797, the crew of the Hermione mutinied in the West Indies, killing almost all the officers in revenge for the flinging into the sea of two men who had broken their limbs falling from the rigging in a desperate scramble to avoid flogging for being last man down on deck.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Spithead_and_Nore_mutinies (768 words)

	Mutiny - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mutiny is the crime of conspiring to disobey an order that a group of similarly-situated individuals (typically members of the military; or the crew of any ship, even if they are civilians) is legally obliged to obey.
		While many mutinies were carried out in response to backpay and/or poor conditions within the military unit or on the ship, some, such as the Connaught Rangers mutiny and the Wilhelmshaven mutiny, were part of larger movements or revolutions.
		The Mutiny Act legislated for offences in respect of which death or penal servitude could be awarded, and the Articles of War, while repeating those provisions of the act, constituted the direct authority for dealing with offences for which imprisoument was the maximum punishment as well as with many matters relating to trial and procedure.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mutiny (1480 words)

	Unrest and Mutiny (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Mutiny was not very well defined in the Articles of War and it was the captain of the ship who had to decide whether or not an offence was serious enough to be treated as mutiny.
		For this reason, mutiny usually happened in port where there were senior officers on hand who could be called upon to intervene to hear the grievance and, rather urprisingly, the mutineers usually got a fair hearing and in some cases changes were made and no disciplinary action was taken.
		Mutiny was a serious business and a failed mutiny saw men swinging at the yardarms of their own ships in exemplary punishments handed out by courts martial determined to remove this blight from the service.
	www.nelson-society.org.uk /html/body_unrest_and_mutiny.htm (1369 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Mutiny
		Mutiny may range from a combined refusal to obey orders to active revolt or going over to the enemy on the part of two or more persons.
		Spithead SPITHEAD [Spithead] eastern part of the channel between Hampshire, England, and the Isle of Wight.
		The British Garrison in Australia 1788-1841: the mutiny of the 80th regiment at Norfolk Island.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Mutiny&Offset=10 (606 words)

	MUTINY (in MARION) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Mutiny and romance in the South Seas : a companion to the Bounty adventure.
		Mutiny at midnight; the adventures of Cyrus Hussey of Nantucket aboard the whaleship Globe in the south Pacific, from 1822 to 1826.
		Mutiny in January; the story of a crisis in the Continental army now for the first time fully tld from many hitherto unknown or neglected sources, both American and British.
	js-catalog.cpl.org /MARION?T=MUTINY (147 words)

	Research guide B8: The Spithead and Nore mutinies of 1797: NMM PORT
		Mutiny is described as, "open revolt against constituted authority" by the Oxford English Dictionary, and could be applied to any act of insubordination or defiance by an individual or collectively by a ship's crew.
		The mutiny at Spithead was conducted in a peaceful and organised manner and within a few weeks their demands had been met and a Royal Pardon granted.
		The mutiny at the Nore in May 1797 was potentially more serious as the mutineers attempted to go beyond the demands made at Spithead.
	www.port.nmm.ac.uk /research/b8.html (1096 words)

	Mutiny - CFCforums - SOH Forums Archive
		In January 1936, the mutiny occurred alongside in Acapulco, and was pre-cipitated when the captain delayed the expected adoption of a tropical work routine (beginning at dawn and ending by noon).
		This was the mutiny of the Royal Indian Navy in Bombay harbour in 1946.The crews of several Royal Indian Navy ships mutinied as part of the demands for early independence.
		It also saw the worst case of mutiny at sea when the crew of the frigate Hermione rebelled against the officers, killed the captain and eight other officers, took possession of the ship and committed the unthinkable act of surrendering it to the enemy.
	www.cfcforums.com /showthread.php?t=412 (5469 words)

	Mutany at Sea (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Mutiny in the British Navy at Spithead in April 1797 caused reverberations throughout the world as the country was in the throes of war with Napoleon (1793 - 1801).
		The revolt at Spithead was dealt with within a week by concessions on most of the demands including the first pay rise in more than 100 years.
		The Nore was the last fleet mutiny though individual crews revolted on occasions during the remaining period of hostilities with Revolutionary France.
	www.nelson-society.org.uk /html/body_mutany_at_sea.htm (818 words)

	HighBeam Research: Reference Search: Results (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Spithead mutiny A mutiny by sailors of the British navy based at Spithead, on the southern coast of Britain.
		Spit·head / ˌspitˈhed / a channel between the northeastern coast of the Isle of Wight and the mainland of southern...
		1797) A mutiny by sailors of the British navy stationed at the Nore anchorage in the Thames estuary.
	www.highbeam.com /ref/ref_search.asp?FN=AO&search_dictionaries=on&refid=ency_refd&q=Spithead (233 words)

	Somers, essay on legal aspects of
		The officers gave it as their opinion that they were decidedly guilty and that the safety of the vessel required that they should be immediately put to death, Commander Mackenzie entirely concurring in their opinion ordered preparations to be made for hanging them at the yard arm.
		To the extent that Spencer, Cromwell, and Small were executed as punishment for mutiny, as it was recorded in the brig's log, their executions were illegal because they were not supported by a court martial.
		If a mutiny was actually imminent or reasonably apprehended after the three were confined, and if their executions were reasonably necessary to suppress or prevent it, Commander Mackenzie was within his legal rights to execute them.
	www.history.navy.mil /wars/somers.htm (5513 words)

	Red Letter Days: The Spithead Mutiny
		Spithead was part of that rising movement: ships of the line were the largest workplaces of the day, and the mutiny of the whole Channel Fleet was really a special form of mass strike in which the stakes were exceptionally high.
		Sadly, victory in Portsmouth was followed by the defeat of a second mutiny at the Nore in the Thames estuary (where about 30 men were hanged and many others flogged round the fleet).
		But this does not change the fact that the Spithead Mutiny remains a beacon of the power of the rank and file and a glorious episode in the history of the oppressed.
	pubs.socialistreviewindex.org.uk /sr240/molyneux.htm (887 words)

	Select Bibliography on Mutiny (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		An act for continuing an act made in the session held in the third and fourth years of Her Majesties reign, intituled, An act for punishing mutiny and desertion, and false musters, and for the better payment of the army and quarters.
		A charge of mutiny: the court martial of Lieutenant Colonel George Johnston for deposing Governor William Bligh in the rebellion of 26 January 1808.
		The cutlass and the lash: mutiny and discipline in Nelson's navy.
	www.au.af.mil /au/aul/school/acsc/mutiny2.htm (1531 words)

	swuklink: Searchable Time-Line (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Mutiny by sailors of the Royal Navy at Spithead nr.
		Mutiny by sailors of the Royal Navy on the HMS Sandwich at Nore in the Thames estuary, inspired by the mutiny at Spithead
		Mutiny of the crew of HMS Hermione in the West Indies, killing almost all the officers in revenge for the flinging into the sea of two men who had broken their limbs falling from the rigging in a desperate scramble to avoid flogging for being last man down on deck
	www.swuklink.com /BAAAGDJA.php?tl=1797 (1228 words)

	Spithead Mutiny, 1797 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		James Anthony Gardner, Commander R.N. On our arrival at Spithead, the latter end of April 1797, we found the fleet in a high state of mutiny.
		The mutiny, which in some measure had been suppressed, broke out afresh on board the London, 98, Vice-Admiral Colpoys, and some of the mutineers were killed; but the officers were overpowered and the admiral's flag struck by the scoundrels, and the bloody flag of defiance hoisted in its room.
		Had we been the only ship, we should soon have driven the scoundrels to the devil; but as we were situated, surrounded by line-of-battle ships acting in the same disgraceful manner, it would have been of little use to resist.
	www.hillsdale.edu /Personal/Stewart/war/Navy3/1797-Spithead-Gardner.htm (301 words)

	Damn the Defiant!
		However, there were many naval mutinies during this period, and this large-scale saga, which includes some spectacularly staged widescreen naval battles, offers a realistic depiction of life in the British navy at the time--from the press gangs and floggings to the appalling food and living conditions.
		Damn the Defiant is built around a true incident, the "Spithead Mutiny" of the British Channel Fleet during the war with France in 1797.
		The crew, already involved in the planning for the fleet-wide mutiny, suffer under the lash of the ship's sadistic First Lieutenant (Dirk Bogarde), while the Captain (Alec Guinness) is incapacitated, first by the torture of his son and then by the loss of his arm in a battle with a French frigate.
	blog.markwshead.com /info2/Damn-the-Defiant!.html (2988 words)

	AmericanHeritage.com / READING, WRITING, AND HISTORY
		The sailors there found out what was up, put on a mutiny of their own, were assured that the gains made at Spithead would apply to them—and then undertook to raise some additional demands and created a very different sort of situation.
		This mutiny became everything that the mutiny at Spithead was not: that is, it was rough, disorderly, strongly tinged with an overlay of political radicalism that seemed to owe something to the Jacobin fervor of the French revolutionists.
		At Spithead, the leaders of the mutiny were all but unidentifiable: at the Nore they were way out in front, fighting partly for better working conditions and partly for their own aggrandizement.
	www.americanheritage.com /articles/magazine/ah/1966/2/1966_2_66.shtml (2338 words)

	NovelGuide: Billy Budd: Novel Summary: Chapters 3-5
		The Nore mutiny was extremely serious since Britain was the world’s leading naval power, and relied on its prowess on the seas.
		The mutiny was suppressed, and many of the mutineers went on to perform admirable in naval battles over the next decade.
		The mutiny was a peaceful, orderly affair, and the authorities responded with leniency.
	www.novelguide.com /BillyBudd/summaries/Chapters3-5.html (612 words)

	BBC - h2g2 - William Bligh - Vice Admiral of the Blue
		The voyage of the Bounty began at Spithead on the south-east coast of England on 23 December, 1787.
		These two mutinies, however, were widespread, involved a fair number of English ships and were based on issues of pay and involuntary service for common seamen.
		This mutiny in the British fleet, just after the Spithead mutiny in 1797, failed to achieve its goals of a fairer division of prize money and an end to brutality.
	www.bbc.co.uk /dna/ww2/A3970352 (1744 words)

	The Rediff On The NeT Special: Admiral J G Nadkarni on modern day mutiny
		Every person 'who joins in a mutiny...' or even 'does not use his utmost exertion to suppress a mutiny...' shall be punished with death...' Of course, one does not remember anyone being put to death in India for participating in a mutiny.
		In the navy, for example, there was the infamous 'Topass mutiny' of 1970 when some sailors in the Western fleet refused to clean latrines after the abolition of the navy’s Topass branch.
		The Topass mutiny led to the repeal of the unpopular decision to abolish the Topass branch.
	www.rediff.com /news/1998/mar/14nad1.htm (702 words)

	British historical characters in novels of the Royal Navy in Nelson's time (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Later in the year is at Spithead during the mutiny, gaining notoriety for his orders to the officers to open fire on the mutineers.
		During the Nore mutiny is forced to maintain the blockade with only two ships, Venerable (74) and Adamant (50), but succeeds by flying false signals into deceiving the Dutch that the blockade is still in place.
		In 1797 is recalled to command the fleet during the Spithead Mutiny, and is primarily responsible for settling it.
	www.cleverley.org /navy/hist.asp?sealand=sea&country=British (3929 words)

	Valentine Joyce - Spithead Mutineer 1797
		There is an intelligence report during the Spithead Mutiny, made by the high level government ‘spy’ Aaron Graham, stating that the mutineer’s father was thought ‘to belong to the Invalid Corps in the garrison’ of Portsmouth.
		In order for Val to operate in the manner that he did during the mutiny it is obvious that he was not only confident in his negotiations with senior naval officers, but that he must have been literate to at least a comparatively good level.
		Indeed, post mutiny he remained in the rate of quartermaster’s mate until he was discharged to sick quarters a year later.
	www.barnettresearch.freeserve.co.uk /joyce.htm (3558 words)

	Mutiny : A Kydd Novel (Kydd Novels)
		In the first book, Kydd was initially a pressed seaman, but by "Mutiny" he has worked himself up to a master's mate.
		Later, Kydd becomes embroiled in the fleet mutiny at the Nore where he must decide whether his loyalty to the navy or his mates is stronger (no spoilers here!).
		After returning to his ship in Gibraltar, the Achilles returns to England and is diverted to the Nore after learning of the mutiny at Spithead.
	www.onlinemerchantaccountnow.com /BookStore/isbn0743258002.html (972 words)

	mutiny! – atmitchell
		The tale of the Mutiny on the Bounty remains one of the most intriguing stories of adventure on the high seas more than 200 years after the ill fated voyage that made Captain Bligh and Fletcher Christian legends.
		Bound for Tahiti, the Bounty sailed from Spithead, England on 23 December 1787 under the famous Captain William Bligh.
		After this desperate beginning, they established a colony that remains to this day, settled by the descendents of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian wives.
	www.atmitchell.com /journeys/history/terra/mutiny.cfm (303 words)

	Demands made by Mutineers : Royal Navy Mutinies at the Nore and Spithead : Naval Matters : Napoleonic Wars :
		The official reply being "All that could reasonably be expected by the seamen and marines has already been granted them.
		That every indulgence granted to the fleet at Portsmouth (Spithead) be granted to His Majesty's subjects serving in the Fleet at the Nore and places adjacent.
		That every man, upon a ship's coming into harbour (a certain number at a time so as not to injure the ship's duty) to go and see their friends and families; a convenient time to be allowed to each man.
	www.napoleonguide.com /navy-nore-articles.htm (341 words)

	Poor Parker
		It is ironic to note that the Spithead strike was settled largely by the actions of Richard Howe (1726-1799), who previously had been co-commander with his brother William during the revolt of the American colonies.
		Not every ship had been given the same rewards as the Spithead strikers (who not only were granted improved conditions but even got to kick out some of their worst officers).
		There were any number of broadsides about the Nore and Spithead mutinies, but few found their way into tradition, this amazingly widespread song being the primary exception.
	www.csufresno.edu /folklore/ballads/BrII117.html (1067 words)

	Ramage & the Freebooters: The Lord Ramage Novels No. 3 by McBooks Press
		It gives keen insight into the conditions of the time, an analysis of the mind of a heartless Captain whose floggings often resulted in the deaths of his men, the terrrible casualty rates due to Yellow Fever, and the gruesome deaths of the officers.
		It should be noted that the mutiny of 1797 had two parts, one at Spithead (resolved peacefully), and one at the Nore (which resulted in conflicts with the mutineers, and eventually a number of hangings).
		The mutiny is covered by C. Northcote Parkinson in his novel, "The Fireship." Overall, this novel by Dudley Pope is a well written Royal Navy adventure.
	www.naturalskincare.ws /stuff-0935526781.html (1688 words)

	The King's Own, by Captain Frederick Marryat, Chapter 02 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The mutiny at Spithead was soon followed up by that at the Nore; and the ringleader, Parker, like a meteor darting through the firmament, sprung from nothing, corruscated, dazzled, and disappeared.
		The men came aft in a body on the quarter-deck, and requested to know the grounds upon which Peters and the other men had been placed in confinement; and perceiving alarm in the countenance of the captain, notwithstanding the resolute bearing of the officers, they insisted upon the immediate release of their shipmates.
		Thus the first overt act of mutiny was brought on by the misconduct of the captain.
	www.athelstane.co.uk /marryat/kingsown/kings02.htm (2253 words)

	Royal Navy Mutinies at the Nore and Spithead : Naval Matters : Napoleonic Wars : Royal Navy
		Britain's "Wooden Walls" showed signs of cracking in 1797, when the Admiralty's disregard for its sailors' conditions led to the Channel Fleet's refusal to sail.
		Because of the relatively peaceful way in which the sailors handled themselves there were no reprisals against the mutineers.
		A second, more serious mutiny occurred at the Nore.
	www.napoleonguide.com /navy_spithead.htm (148 words)

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