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Topic: Spitting on soldiers during the Vietnam War

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	Vietnam War Caption
		A soldier on an offensive north of Bong Son, kneels beside the bedraggled mother and children of a suspected Vietcong family, huddled at the edge of a field.
		The poncho-covered bodies of 1st Cavalry Division soldiers killed in the bitter battle of the Ia Drang Valley in November 1965 are gathered in a clearing for evacuation.
		Soldiers of the 173rd Airborne Brigade at Dak To in 1967.
	www.picturesfree.org /cdcaptions/vietnamwar.htm (3907 words)

	Jane Fonda - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		During the 1960s, Fonda engaged in political activism in support of the Civil Rights Movement and in opposition to the Vietnam War.
		Although rumours that Fonda handed over information from U.S. prisoners of war to NLF insurgents (better known in the U.S. as the "Viet Cong") were never confirmed, she has often been accused of contributing to a perceived anti-soldier sentiment among Vietnam War protesters, such as spitting on soldiers.
		During a trip to Jerusalem (billed as a promotion of "world peace") in 2002, Fonda was criticized by right wing Israelis and heckled as she arrived for a meeting with leading Israeli feminists.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jane_Fonda (2976 words)

	Drooling on the Vietnam Vets - Jack Shafer - Slate Magazine
		In the tale of the spitting protester, the signature element is the location: The protester almost always ambushes the serviceman at the airport--not in a park, or at a bar, or on Main Street.
		The press is a major player in how America is remembering the war in Vietnam and the notion of veteran disparagement on the home front helps construct the alibi that we lost the war not to the Vietnamese but to betrayal at home.
		It is important to keep repeating that those of us who protested the war were correct, not just because, in the fashionable re-interpretation of the facts, we were not committed to win it, but because it was evil in itself, an imperialistic war that should never have been fought.
	www.slate.com /id/1005224 (1499 words)

	Vietnam: For Fayetteville, the peace was lost (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		After Vietnam, people were skeptical that the government would tell them the truth and scornful of decision-makers’ ability to use the military wisely.
		Fort Bragg didn’t deploy a lot of troops to Vietnam -- the 5th Special Forces Group and a brigade of the 82nd Airborne Division were among the few large units sent -- but the post still played a significant role in the war.
		During the war years, tens of thousands of young men from across the country filtered through Fort Bragg and Pope Air Force Base before leaving for Vietnam.
	www.fayettevillenc.com /special/vietnam/day2b.shtml (1611 words)

	To the Anti-War Movement
		During the Persian Gulf War, the first Bush administration promoted the image of anti-war activists spitting at Vietnam era servicemen.
		The image of protestors spitting at soldiers is, Lembcke concluded, an "urban myth," propounded by hawkish politicians (not veterans) to discredit the anti-war movement and distract public opinion from the sordid facts of the Vietnam disaster.
		If a war is wrong and contrary to the best interest of the nation (as this one most certainly is), then it is patriotic and necessary to support our troops by insisting that they be brought home to safety.
	www.commondreams.org /views03/0403-11.htm (1207 words)

	SPECIAL REPORT: War in Iraq \| NIE WORLD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		During Vietnam, though, protests didn't grow to a significant size until a couple of years after Americans started advising the South Vietnamese and fighting with them.
		Americans protested during the Civil War, the Spanish-American War and subsequent occupation of the Philippines, the Vietnam War and the first Gulf War.
		During Vietnam, it was people spitting on soldiers, the memories of which are sometimes held against current protesters, and a growing paranoia within the government.
	www.nieworld.com /special/iraqwar/iraqwar0406a.htm (725 words)

	Anti-War Imagery and the Iconography of Hate \| TPMCafe
		Understandably, the war brings a lot of emotion to the surface and some of that feeling stems from frustration with the economy, a sense of helplessness in the face of large-scale social and technological change, and fear that cherished American values are being lost.
		During the Vietnam War, major anti-war marches were being led by far-leftists as early as 1965 and liberals a few years later.
		During the Vietnam War, 2nd lieutenants were being shot in the back ("fragged") by their own troops, which was a good part of why campus ROTC programs were shut down.
	www.tpmcafe.com /story/2005/8/18/03721/8483 (13897 words)

	The Myth of the Spat-Upon Veteran By Gabrielle Bernard, Winsted (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Chad Barlow, in his impassioned support of war [Some War Is Necessary, February 14], repeats the myth that peace activists "SPAT ON our soldiers returning from Vietnam." It’s a great story, but like many right-wing myths (e.g., the story of feminists burning bras), it is simply not true.
		The relation between Vietnam veterans and the peace movement was generally good, since the antiwar people saw the mostly working class vets as just as much victims of the war machine as the Vietnamese peasants.
		Vietnam veterans did not come home in bulk at the end of the war as WWII vets did; they dribbled back after their usually one-year tour of duty.
	www.thevoicenews.com /News/2003/0228/In_Response/R03_Bernard-re_Barlow.html (587 words)

	No Honor in Imperialist War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Both Bush & Kerry served in the military during the Vietnam War and, in their own ways, opposed that war Bush with his Vietnam-avoiding National Guard stint and Kerry afterwards, as a member of Vietnam Veterans Against the War, by correctly and righteously protesting against that war.
		You see, the Vietnam syndrome was not just that this country had lost a war but also that the people of this country, especially its veterans, had seen the iron fist behind the velvet glove of U.S. imperialism and were not willing to go along with such wars in the future war.
		However, as the numbers of WWII and Korean War veterans decrease with each passing day, the makeup of the veteran population is becoming dominated by veterans of the Vietnam War and later.
	www.oz.net /~vvawai/sw/sw49/nohonor.html (1541 words)

	Spitting on returning Vietnam vets - did it happen? - snopes.com
		Contrary to when my father was in uniform during WWII and treated nice by everyone, wearing a uniform at the end of the Viet Nam war seemed to bring out the worse in a lot of civilians.
		I was spit on, had coffee spilled on me, and recieved very hostile stares and rude comments like "baby killer" said to me. Some of those who were with us actually had their "awol" bags ripped from their hands.
		My father was stationed on the West coast of the U.S. during the war and shortly thereafter (his brother already being in country meant it was against the law to also send him).
	message.snopes.com /showthread.php?t=2360 (2426 words)

	The Mahablog
		Soldiers left Vietnam in military aircraft, but at some point very often they transferred to commercial airplanes and traveled alone for the final part of the journey home.
		Hawks blamed the soldiers (along with the antiwar movement) for "losing" Vietnam and spoiling what had promised to be a splendid little war and the inspiration for a great many flag-waving, shoot-'em-up Sal Mineo movies.
		Remembering the war in Vietnam through the images of betrayal is dangerous because it rekindles the hope that wars like it, in countries where we are not welcomed, can be won.
	www.mahablog.com /oldsite/2005.04.24_arch.html (7517 words)

	Amazon.com: Reviews for Spitting Image: Myth, Memory, and the Legacy of Vietnam: Books: Jerry Lembcke (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		I was in the military just as the US got out of Vietnam, from 1973 to 1975, and I can tell you from personal experience that it was common to be abused by angry long-hair types when wearing your uniform in public.
		Moreover, the earliest examples of "spitting" being referenced during the war pertain to pro-war folks threatening to spit on anti-war protesters.
		There are pictures of soldiers being hit with tomatoes and eggs, which are large enough to photograph well, but Lembcke seems to base his claim on the fact that there are no pictures of anyone spit on.
	www.amazon.com /Spitting-Image-Memory-Legacy-Vietnam/dp/customer-reviews/0814751474 (2516 words)

	The Washington Monthly
		There are similarities and differences between the US war in Vietnam and the US war in Iraq; to my mind the most important similarities are found in how the US government is handling them, and lying to the American people about them.
		War is the process of using that power whether they acquiesce to it or not.
		That the tendencies and views of policy shall not be incompatible with these means, the art of war in general and the commander in each particular case may demand, and this claim is truly not a trifling one.
	www.washingtonmonthly.com /archives/individual/2005_01/005556.php (13899 words)

	Renegade Eye
		The war between the reactionary forces to determine which amongst them will be the representative of the imperialists in the country is not a war in which we must take part.
		Because of this divide in opportunity and expectations, which is rooted in class inequality, the great majority of soldiers are subject to the arrogance, lies, and disregard for their personal well-being at the hands of their superiors, as are workers are to the capitalists in civilian life.
		However, the struggle against the war showed that even in times when capitalism was expanding, it was possible to strike a debilitating blow against imperialism to the benefit of the international working class and the oppressed in general.
	advant.blogspot.com (9870 words)

	The Vietnam War
		Although many films of the late 60s and early 70s embodied the bitter aftertaste of the war, the conflict itself remained strikingly absent from the screen, as Hollywood, like the country as a whole, had difficulty adjusting to the grim legacy of a lost and troubling war.
		Although America's active military participation in the Vietnam War ended in 1973, the controversy engendered by the war raged on long after the firing of the last shot.
		Focusing on innocent, naive "grunts"--the ground troops who actually fought the war--these movies retold the story of the Vietnam War in terms of the soldiers' loss of idealism, the breakdown of unit cohesion, and the struggle to survive and sustain a sense of humanity and integrity in the midst of war.
	www.digitalhistory.uh.edu /modules/vietnam/film.cfm (426 words)

	Myth Making and Spitting Images from Vietnam
		With nearly 550 US soldiers killed - so far -- in the invasion and occupation of Iraq, our country is revisiting many of the images and issues of the Vietnam War.
		Yet the Gulf War and Iraq War peace movements have each had to defend against mythological charges that peace activism means they don't support the troops, or that they will soon by spitting on them.
		While the spitting image is a convenient myth for some to exploit during a war waged simultaneously with a presidential election, neither its convenience nor its frequent repetition make it any more true.
	www.commondreams.org /views04/0318-12.htm (948 words)

	Who'll Stop the War?
		The name Vietnam is back in our vocabulary, as we seem to be developing an interest in historyâ”or at least in the history of wars that just would not end.
		If that were the issue, Vietnam would have returned more strongly to the national zeitgeist back in 2002 as the Bush administration and the national media were beating the drums for war.
		In the Iraq and Afghanistan wars, however, almost one third of the 1.4 million service members who were deployed to the war zones were deployed at least twiceâ”and many considered their second rounds more or less as a draft.
	artvoice.com /issues/v6n5/wholl_stop_the_war (2304 words)

	ZNet Commentary: Support Our Troops
		As a combat veteran who served in a tank battalion stationed out of Marble Mountain during the Vietnam War, my father taught me two important lessons: 1.) You ought to bring a healthy dose of skepticism to all news stories, and 2.) soldiers tend to be a lot more honest than politicians and pundits.
		Even brave soldiers tend to listen to a 6-foot, 3-inch, 220-pound Marine with a rep as a boxer whose job was to scour the landscape in a tank looking for enemy mines to disable.
		Government research on Gulf War vets illness is shrouded in mystery, but according to the U.S. National Gulf War Resource Center (www.gulfweb.org), as many as 40,000 U.S. servicemen and women may have been exposed to depleted uranium dust from exploded U.S. and British bombs.
	www.zmag.org /Sustainers/content/2003-03/16gonsalves.cfm (624 words)

	Vietnam Bibliography
		The Dynamics of Defeat: The Vietnam War in Hau Nghia Province.
		Unholy Grail: The U.S. and the Wars in Vietnam, 1965-1968.
		War and The Ivory Tower: Algeria and Vietnam.
	www.esuhistoryprof.com /vietnam_bibliography.htm (2604 words)

	Spit and polish \| Mountain Xpress News \| mountainx.com
		It was the myth of the spat-upon Vietnam veteran that galvanized the sentiments of the American people sufficiently to discredit peace activists and give George Bush [Sr.] his war."
		During the event, however, Fishburne had told the crowd that the story "has been validated; it's true, it happened...
		Fishburne, on the other hand, gave a detailed account of how, during Vietnam, he was a Green Beret "A-team leader and part-time instructor at the School of the Americas," stationed in Panama.
	www.mountainx.com /news/2003/0319troops.php (1935 words)

	Support troops by bringing them home (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		And Pop, like many of his fellow soldiers, wasn't surprised when the My Lai massacre hit the news, nor did he think it was an isolated event, which is part of the reason why he reminded some of the more "macho" young guys in his unit: "This ain't no John Wayne movie.
		Speaking of spitting, when I asked my father about how he was treated by anti-war types when he came home, he said: "That crap about people spitting on soldiers and what not is a bunch of exaggerated bull (expletive)."
		Government research on Gulf War vets illness is shrouded in mystery, but according to the U.S. National Gulf War Resource Center (www.gulfweb.org), as many as 40,000 U.S. soliders may have been exposed to depleted uranium dust from exploded U.S. and British bombs.
	seattlepi.nwsource.com /opinion/112901_sean18.shtml (710 words)

	Evil GOP Bastards
		In Vietnam it was the bogus Gulf of Tonkin incident.
		By contrast, the Iraq war seems to have been sparked by a desire to control Iraqi oil, and worse, for purely domestic political advantage to be exploited by Bush and the Republican Party.
		In Iraq as during the Vietnam War, the most important way for Americans to "support the troops" should be obvious: Don't let our leaders waste American soldiers' lives in unnecessary wars.
	www.evilgopbastards.com /september_2004.htm (1794 words)

	Life During Vietnam War Is Relived in Lawyer's Book
		The narrator is an activist-cum-attorney representing soldiers who have been court-martialed for opposing the Vietnam War.
		The narrator, Eric, is an activist-cum-attorney representing soldiers who have been court-martialed for opposing the Vietnam war.
		The cases involved African-American soldiers who were victims of racial discrimination, or who were having problems because of their opposition to the war.
	www.law.com /regionals/ca/stories/edt0211_wartalk.shtml (601 words)

	Life During and After Vietnam war
		His reaction to the war was "the military did its job and the poltitions did not.
		After the war was over he returned home not to be welcomed like a hero but to be treated like the enemy." He said, " coming home I was spit at and hed lots of college kids cursing and throwing things.
		Lots of people died in a war our country did not have any thing to do with, and the soldiers treated the soldiers very bad after the war.
	www.glynn.k12.ga.us /BHS/Juniorprojects/Hopkins01/dreyvonh12254 (493 words)

	Booman Tribune ~ Boo!
		As was the case in Vietnam, the draw down of troops will be blamed on anti-war activists, and a critical domestic press.
		This "war" is engineered to perpetuate itself; the apparent failures in strategy and planning and tactics are deliberate acts designed to insure permanent instability and spreading violence.
		The left has bitched and quibbled, but no one is spitting on soldiers in airports or staging any of the large-scale antics which characterized the Vietnam-era anti-war movement.
	www.boomantribune.com /story/2005/7/25/92846/5299 (5978 words)

	Amazon.com: Soldiers In Revolt: GI Resistance During The Vietnam War: Books: David Cortright,Howard Zinn (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		And despite silencing efforts by the Pentagon and its media allies, the war's outcome was seriously affected by thousands of courageous resisters in uniform, who, each in his own way, refused to support a murderous politicians' war.
		Coverage of GI resistance in Vietnam is harder to document because of battlefield censorship.
		No, the war was lost because it was one that should never have been fought in the first place, as increasing numbers of those participating came to realize, (not to discount the astonishing will of the Vietnamese people to resist Western neo-colonialism).
	www.amazon.com /Soldiers-Revolt-Resistance-During-Vietnam/dp/1931859272 (1414 words)

	Religion & Ethics NewsWeekly . COVER STORY . Dissent During War . April 4, 2003 \| PBS
		SEVERSON: At the outset of this war, Senate Democratic Leader Tom Daschle got caught in a withering crossfire of accusations that he was unpatriotic when he criticized President Bush's diplomatic failure to avoid war.
		One of the lessons that these folks need to learn is the last person in the world who wants to fight these wars are the soldiers.
		And if one of the reasons we are fighting the war is to uphold the values of democracy and respect for other people's moral convictions...
	www.pbs.org /wnet/religionandethics/week631/cover.html (1492 words)

	Media Matters - Still more questions for the NY Times regarding the alleged spitting incident
		These questions are important not just because this whole scenario echoes the apocryphal claims that Vietnam veterans were spit upon when they returned to the United States, but because conservative media figures and bloggers have already absorbed Sparling's accusations as fact, and are repeating and embellishing them.
		Whether he was spit at or not is up for debate, but he clearly was stirring the pot, and if he can't take it, then he should not be dishing it out.
		If he was spit on, then the only one to blame is the one who hurled his or her own bodily fluid at Sparling.
	www.mediamatters.org /items/200701300012 (2772 words)

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