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Topic: Spoils system

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	spoils system - Encyclopedia.com
		The name supposedly derived from a speech by Senator William Learned Marcy in which he stated, "to the victor belong the spoils." On a national scale, the spoils system was inaugurated with the development of two political parties, the Federalists and the Democratic Republicans, and was used by the earliest Presidents, particularly Thomas Jefferson.
		The system soon became entrenched in state politics and was practiced more extensively on a national scale during the administration of Andrew Jackson, who declared (1829) that the federal government would be bettered by having civil servants rotate in office.
		The precarious revolution: unchanging institutions and the fate of reform in Iran: Iranian politics is a system made by the clerics for the clerics, and for their supporters who possess a near monopoly on the spoils of the revolution and the country's resources.(Strong and weak states: cases of governance)
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/s1/spoilssy.asp (1078 words)

	The Spoils System versus the Merit System
		It was once commonly assumed that the spoils system in the United States came into general use first during Andrew Jackson's presidency.
		By 1840, the spoils system was widely used in local, state and federal government.
		Numerous persons hired through the spoils system were untrained for their work and indifferent to it.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h965.html (696 words)

	AllRefer.com - spoils system (U.S. History) - Encyclopedia
		The name supposedly derived from a speech by Senator William Learned Marcy in which he stated, "to the victor belong the spoils." On a national scale, the spoils system was inaugurated with the development of two political parties, the Federalists and the Democratic Republicans, and was used by the earliest Presidents, particularly Thomas Jefferson.
		The system soon became entrenched in state politics and was practiced more extensively on a national scale during the administration of Andrew Jackson, who declared (1829) that the federal government would be bettered by having civil servants rotate in office.
		The corruption and inefficiency bred by the system reached staggering proportions in the administration of Ulysses S. Grant, and reaction against this helped bring about civil service reform, which was inaugurated by creation of the Civil Service Commission in 1871.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/spoilssy.html (335 words)

	Spoils system
		The spoils system was a method of appointing officials to the government of the United States of America based on political connections rather than on impersonal measures of merit.
		The spoils system was closely linked to the new party system which he was instrumental in creating, generally known to scholars as the "second party system" (the first being the system which emerged in the aftermath of the ratification of the American Constitution).
		The system was formally ended in 1883 with the passage of the Pendleton Act.
	www.xasa.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/s/sp/spoils_system.html (261 words)

	The Dispatch - Serving the Lexington, NC - News
		Spoils systems are endemic in nations that are struggling to transcend systemic clientage based on tribal organization or other kinship groups and localism in general.
		The spoils system was pioneered by New York governors in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, most notably George Clinton and DeWitt Clinton.
		The period from 1854 to 1896 was the apogee of the spoils system.
	www.the-dispatch.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=spoils_system (699 words)

	Spoils system - RecipeFacts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		In the politics of the United States, a spoils system refers to an informal practice by which a political party after winning an election gives government jobs to its supporters as a reward for working toward victory, and as an incentive to keep working for the party.
		The spoils system was pioneered by New York governors in the early 19th century, most notably DeWitt Clinton.
		The Third Party System (1854-1896) was the apogee of the spoils system.
	www.recipeland.com /facts/Spoils_system (660 words)

	Lalor, Cyclopaedia of Political Science, V.3, Entry 210, SPOILS SYSTEM: Library of Economics and Liberty
		The proclamation of the spoils system in the senate greatly shocked the better minds of both parties, and alarmed the country at large.
		Nevertheless the theory of the system (of which "rotation in office, "in order to increase the spoils, was an important part)was, even by men in high places, largely and rapidly accepted.
		But it was Jackson who first adopted a fundamental article of the spoils system code, by making the doctrine of "rotation in office" a cardinal principle of his policy at the beginning of his administration.
	www.econlib.org /library/YPDBooks/Lalor/llCy980.html (3129 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Civil Service
		In the early 19th century it was based on the so-called spoils system, in which all bureaucrats were dependent on elected politicians.
		In the British system of Civil Service, civil servants are career employees recruited and promoted on the basis of their administrative skill and technical expertise, and as such do not include, nor are appointed by, elected officials or their political advisors.
		In contrast, the civil service of the United States in the early 19th Century was based on the so-called spoils system, in which all bureaucrats were dependent on elected politicians.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Civil-Service (1935 words)

	Spoils System
		The term “spoils system” refers to the conferral of office on people based upon political concerns rather than fitness for office.
		The spoils system remained an important part of the political landscape until the civil service reforms toward the end of the century.
		System Mineralogists group minerals together into six "systems." These systems are based on the form of individual crystals.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h326.html (458 words)

	spoils system — Infoplease.com
		in which he stated, “to the victor belong the spoils.” On a national scale, the spoils system was inaugurated with the development of two political parties, the Federalists and the Democratic Republicans, and was used by the earliest Presidents, particularly Thomas Jefferson.
		The system soon became entrenched in state politics and was practiced more extensively on a national scale during the administration of Andrew
		The precarious revolution: unchanging institutions and the fate of reform in Iran: Iranian politics is a system made by the clerics......
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/history/A0846322.html (447 words)

	Spoils System - Great UK Deals
		Spoils systems are endemic in nations that are struggling to transcend systemic...
		Spoil bank, a bank formed by the earth taken from an excavation, as of a canal.
		system, the theory or practice of regarding public and their...
	www.findspot.com /spoils-system.htm (253 words)

	spoils_system (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The spoils system is the practice of appointing people to public office on the basis of a personal relationship, or affiliation, rather than because of their merits.
		The spoils system has existed since the presidency of Andrew Jackson, but it is not seen exceedingly often today.
		Another example of the spoils system in the late 1800's was the appointing of Senator Roscoe Conkling.
	nhs.needham.k12.ma.us /cur/Sintros3/SpoilsSystem/spoils_system (335 words)

	Spoils System
		In the United States, the Spoils System is the practice of appointing public offices and giving employment in the public service on the basis of nepotism (political affiliation or personal relationship) rather than on the merit of appointees.
		The spoils system originated during the colonial period and flourished in the state governments after 1800.
		In the opinion of Lovett, Kotlyar and Harwood, the spoils system made its impact on the United States, an impact that has given the United States experience with rotating office positions which will not be in the Unites States ever again.
	www.angelfire.com /fl5/siflinger/SPOILSYS.html (398 words)

	Welcome to The American Presidency
		Under this system government jobs were awarded for service to a political party, whether the candidates were honest and able or not.
		It was marked by honesty and by the replacement of the spoils system with the present Civil Service system based on merit.
		However, he will be best remembered as the spoils system politician who became president by accident, and who proved himself a better man than anyone expected.
	ap.grolier.com /article?assetid=a2001590-h (1657 words)

	Antonio Di Pietro English: The spoils system
		The change of the people in the very senior positions in the companies controlled by the State, or spoils system, is common practice when a new government coalition takes office.
		The spoils system is often used to place people trusted by the parties of the government into key positions.
		The current system is costly and inefficient and is seen by public opinion as a way of occupying every powerful space.
	www.antoniodipietro.com /en/2006/07/the_spoils_system.html (421 words)

	spoils system (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The beginning of the "spoils" system in the national government, 1829-30: Reprinted by permission from Parton's "Life of Andrew Jackson." (Publications of the Civil-Service Reform Association)
		The spoils system may be a good thing for a democratic government, a majority of the U...
		To its opponents, the 30 percent set-aside is a "meat ax" approach, a "racial spoils system" that simply takes business away from white contractors and gives it to fls.
	www.hallamericanhistory.com /top/sites/10/1/spoils_system.html (694 words)

	[No title]
		To the victor went the spoils, and the spoils in the American system were control of the United States government.
		Despite its tendency to breed corruption in government, the spoils system was a legitimate human resource/personnel system for the public sector.
		The call for reform in the public sector personnel system in the late 1800's was in the process of being answered by President Garfield when he was assassinated in 1881 by a dissappointed spoils system beneficiary.
	carbon.cudenver.edu /~ldeleon/pad5220/application_papers/amy_cook/paper1.html (861 words)

	HardNews - Rotting in a spoils system
		The spoils system has come to stay.While the prime minister's instruction to the chief ministers to ensure stability when posting officers — in order to ensure efficiency and integrity in the public delivery system — seems unexceptionable, it is ironical.
		Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, who had evolved the system of cadre allocation to IAS and Indian Police Service (IPS) officers, with at least 50 per cent of them from outside a given state, had thought that his system would create a formidable force of neutral civil servants who would take the nation forward.
		A spoils system in India at the highest bureaucratic level is hazardous to the preservation of democracy and unity of the country.
	www.hardnewsmedia.com /aug2004/bcy.php (1248 words)

	AFSCME - Civil Service Reform (2002)
		The rationale behind the spoils system was that a new administration needed people in public positions who could be counted on to faithfully administer its policies.
		The spoils system became indefensible, however, as the rapid "rotation-in-office" of unqualified individuals led to rampant corruption and inefficiency.
		Proponents claim the old system was rigid and led agencies to hire temporary workers in droves as a backdoor way of avoiding the rules.
	www.afscme.org /publications/9711.cfm (2604 words)

	Define The spoils system - Definition of The spoils system from Free-Online-Dictionary.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The spoils system, the theory or practice of regarding public offices and their emoluments as so much plunder to be distributed among their active partisans by those who are chosen to responsible offices of administration.
		Beginning in the late 1800s with the challenge to the "spoils system" of machine politics, progressivism...
		that it was not system of laissez faire.Its battles against the spoils system...
	www.free-online-dictionary.org /define-The+spoils+system.html (621 words)

	DNK Amazon Store :: Chester Alan Arthur: [The American Presidents Series] (The American Presidents)
		The assassin was a deranged man who thought he deserved a federal job through the increasingly corrupt 'spoils system.' To the surprise of many, Arthur, a longtime beneficiary of that system, saw that the time had come for reform.
		Arthur was aligned with the stalwarts and the patronage system.
		At times, he would lose his spoils system position in the bureaucracy due to politics but, he always had his law practice to fall back on.
	www.entertainmentcareers.net /book/ProductDetails.aspx?asin=0805069518 (1523 words)

	The Spoils System. Moore's Lore:
		The spoils system was instituted by Democratic President Andrew Jackson.
		The movement against the spoils system was led by a Republican named James A. Garfield.
		Arthur, tied to the old system, wasn't even considered for re-election, but New York Governor Grover Cleveland, a Democrat who had not even been in politics when Garfield was shot (he was elected Mayor of Buffalo later in 1881, and Governor a year later) was elected.
	www.corante.com /mooreslore/archives/2005/09/05/the_spoils_system.php (1020 words)

	washingtonpost.com: Separating 'Spoils' and Service
		In the United States, the civil service notion took root in the late 19th century, in reaction to the notorious "spoils system" (as in "to the victor belong the spoils"), by which elected politicians filled government jobs with their friends and supporters.
		After President Andrew Jackson introduces the spoils system to federal government, lines of job-seekers form daily around the White House.
		FDR's New Deal creates numerous agencies whose staffs are not subject to the merit system, but new rules adopted in 1938 extend the system to 90 percent of the nation's 1.8 million civil employees.
	www.washingtonpost.com /ac2/wp-dyn/A55191-2005Feb26?language=printer (598 words)

	Townhall.com::The great wage gap::By Paul Jacob
		A century ago and more, during the days of the "spoils system," one tried to get government jobs for people not because the jobs necessarily paid that well, but because they paid well for the amount of work done.
		Unlike under the spoils system, it's harder for representatives to buy off constituents (other than by a general increase in government and catering to public employee unions, of course).
		When the spoils system was replaced with a civil service, a new form of spoils grew to take its place.
	www.townhall.com /columnists/PaulJacob/2006/08/20/the_great_wage_gap (1659 words)

	Corporate America Divvies Up The Post-Saddam Spoils
		Well, given Team Bush's track record, it will probably not fill you with "shock and awe" to learn that the common denominator among the chosen few is a proven willingness to make large campaign donations to the Grand Old Party.
		The president is planning to give post-Saddam Iraq an extreme makeover – a wide-ranging overhaul that will include the transformation of the country's educational, health-care, and banking systems – all funded by taxpayer dollars and administered by private U.S. contractors.
		While more than a million poor Americans are about to lose their access to publicly funded medical care, the president is in the market for a corporate contractor to oversee a $100 million upgrade of Iraq's hospitals and clinics.
	www.ourfuture.org /onmessage/other_contributors/03_20_03a.cfm (890 words)

	VACMASTERS SYSTEM 1000 -- vacuum excavation trucks for sale, underground utility locating equipment
		The VACMASTERS SYSTEM 1000 is a trailer or truck-mounted system that also has water on board.
		With the SYSTEM 1000, you can dig effectively in any kind of soil, using air 95% of the time.
		Automatic monitoring of all systems with auto-shut-down allows a 2-man crew to operate the system.
	www.vacmasters.com /air1000.htm (357 words)

	Lab Activity 32: Concept Maps
		Increasing public criticism of the spoils system prompted Congress to pass the Civil Service Reform Act, more commonly known as the Pendleton Act, in 1883 to reduce patronage.
		Initially, only about 10 percent of the positions in the federal civil service system were covered, but later laws and executive orders have extended coverage of the act to over 90 percent of all federal employees.
		The good part is that the spoils system was reduced (but not eliminated).
	wps.ablongman.com /long_henry_sr_1/0,7967,805263-,00.html (506 words)

	Victors and Spoils
		The great bulk of public spending is either for essential services like defense and the justice system, or for middle-class entitlements like Social Security and Medicare that the administration doesn't dare attack openly.
		As some of us noted at the time, one of Jackson's key legacies was the "spoils system," under which federal jobs were reserved for political supporters.
		The federal civil service, with its careful protection of workers from political pressure, was created specifically to bring the spoils system to an end; but now the administration has found a way around those constraints.
	www.nytimes.com /glogin?URI=http://www.nytimes.com/2002/11/19/opinion/19KRUG.html&OQ=_rQ3D3Q26orefQ3DsloginQ26orefQ3Dslogin&OP=7986d070Q2FEi6Q5EEQ240!Ge00v,E,WW,ErrErQ5CE0Akjk0jErQ5C5uxF(Q60vQ22Q51 (694 words)

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