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Topic: Spoken Chinese

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List of Chinese dialects

Chinese spoken language

Old Chinese

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Chaozhou dialect

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	Chinese Language - MSN Encarta
		Chinese is also spoken by large emigrant communities, such as those in Southeast Asia, North and South America, and the Hawaiian Islands.
		The Min dialects are spoken in most of Fujian, large areas of Taiwan and Hainan, parts of eastern Guangdong and the Leizhou Peninsula, and in areas of Southeast Asia.
		The Kejia, or Hakka, dialects are spoken in northeastern Guangdong, southern Jiangxi, southwestern Fujian, and in pockets throughout southeastern China and Southeast Asia.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761565543/Chinese_Language.html (729 words)

	Chinese Language Facts
		The Chinese language (spoken in its standard Mandarin form) is the official language of the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China, one of four official languages of Singapore, and one of six official languages of the United Nations.
		The terms and concepts used by Chinese to think about language are different from those used in the West, partly because of the unifying effects of the Chinese characters used in writing, and partly because of differences in the political and social development of China in comparison with Europe.
		Spoken Chinese is a tonal language related to Tibetan and Burmese, but genetically unrelated to other neighbouring languages, such as Korean, Vietnamese, Thai, and Japanese.
	www.languagehelpers.com /languagefacts/chinese.html (1603 words)

	Chinese. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Chinese comprises a number of variants; those that are mutually unintelligible are considered separate languages by some linguists but are classed among the many dialects of Chinese by others.
		Chinese writing consists of an individual character or ideogram for every syllable, each character representing a word or idea rather than a sound; thus, problems caused by homonyms in spoken Chinese are not a difficulty in written Chinese.
		The Chinese government has made a great effort to standardize the pronunciation of Mandarin, which is essentially a spoken language, and to have it adopted throughout China.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ch/Chinese.html (930 words)

	Chinese script and language
		Spoken Chinese: Cantonese, Dungan, Gan, Hakka, Mandarin, Shanghainese, Taiwanese, Teochew, Xiang
		Chinese is written with characters known as 漢字 [汉字] (hànzi).
		Chinese characters, with some modifications, are also used in written Japanese and Korean, and were once used to write Vietnamese.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/chinese.htm (960 words)

	Chinese Language and Script
		Thus Chinese could be read by people in all parts of the country in spite of gradual changes in pronunciation, the emergence of regional and local dialects, and modification of the characters.
		There are two elements to the Chinese language: the written language, based on individual symbols called characters, each of which represents an idea or thing; and the spoken language, which includes a number of different dialects.
		Chinese writing does not have an alphabet, instead, they are using symbols, or Chinese characters (hanzi in Chinese, kanji in Japanese).
	www.crystalinks.com /chineselang.html (1356 words)

	learningchinese
		The Chinese languages are the languages of the Han people, the major ethnic group of China, including both the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China.
		Approximately 95 percent of the Chinese population speaks Chinese, as opposed to the non-Chinese languages such as Tibetan, Mongolian, Lolo, Miao, and Tai spoken by minorities.
		Chinese, together with Tibetan and Myanmar (formerly known as Burmese) and the many tribal languages of South and Southeast Asia, belongs to the family of Sino-Tibetan languages.
	www1.esc.edu /personalstu/jli/learningchinese.html (1257 words)

	Chinese language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Although most Chinese view the many of spoken Chinese as a single language the variations in spoken language are to those of Romance languages ; the written language has also changed time though far more slowly than the language and hence has been able to much of the variation in spoken language.
		The terms and concepts used by Chinese think about language are different from those in the West partly because of the effects of the Chinese characters used in writing and partly because differences in the political and social development China in comparison with Europe.
		Old Chinese sometimes known as 'Archaic Chinese' was language common during the early and middle Zhou Dynasty (11th to 7th centuries B.C.) texts which include inscriptions on bronze artifacts the of the Shijing the history of the Shujing and portions of the Yijing (I Ching).
	www.freeglossary.com /Chinese_language (3493 words)

	Chinese language and dialects from ALS International (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Spoken Chinese is especially complex with more than 5 recognized dialect groups, but even the written language has two recognized alphabets.
		The written forms of Chinese include a traditional alphabet and a simplified Chinese (Pinyin), which was originated in 1948 after the establishment of the People's Republic of China, to make the written lanuage more accessible to the general population.
		Yue is primarily spoken in the province of Guangdong.
	www.alsintl.com /languages/chinese.htm?source=google (821 words)

	Spoken Chinese (Mandarin, Cantonese, Taiwanese, etc)
		The major varieties of Chinese are mutually unintelligible, but most people in China and Taiwan who don't speak Mandarin as their first language, can speak or at least understand it a bit.
		Hakka is spoken in south eastern China, parts of Taiwan and in the New Territories of Hong Kong.
		Huīzhōu is spoken in southern Anhui and northern Zhejiang provinces.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/chinese_spoken.htm (634 words)

	ipedia.com: Chinese language Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Chinese language (汉语/漢語, 华语/華語, or 中文; pinyin: hànyǔ, huáyǔ;, or zhōngwén) is a member of the Sino-Tibetan family of languages.
		Most linguists classify all of the variations of Chinese as part of the Sino-Tibetan language family and believe that there was an original language similar to Proto Indo-European from which the Sinitic and Tibeto-Burman languages descended.
		Old Chinese, sometimes known as 'Archaic Chinese', was the language common during the early and middle Zhou Dynasty (11th to 7th centuries B.C.), texts of which include inscriptions on bronze artifacts, the poetry of the Shijing, the history of the Shujing, and portions of the Yijing (I Ching).
	www.ipedia.com /chinese_language.html (3591 words)

	Spoken Chinese - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Linguists divide the variations in spoken Chinese language into seven to ten groups.
		Hui 徽語/徽语: spoken in the southern parts of Anhui Province—usually classified as a sub-branch of Gan.
		In addition, the Dungan language (東干語/东干语) is a language spoken in Kyrgyzstan descended from Chinese, and is akin to northwestern dialects of Mandarin, therefore it is linguistically a Mandarin dialect.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chinese_spoken_language (3200 words)

	Chinese Language
		The modern Chinese dialects (from the 11th century AD) evolved from Old, or Archaic, Chinese (8th century to 3rd century BC), the sounds of which have been tentatively reconstructed.
		Further grammatical characteristics of Chinese are that, in general, verb tense is not expressed.
		The Chinese written language is of an old and conservative type that assigns a single distinctive symbol, or character, to each word of the vocabulary.
	www.ron-turner.com /chineselanguage.html (1875 words)

	Mandarin
		Chinese is a written language of great antiquity with an unbroken history dating back to 1,500 BC.
		However, even though the written and the spoken language(s) began to diverge to the point that the written form was no longer comprehensible to most people, it continued to be used by administrators, scholars, and the educated elite.
		Chinese writing is the oldest system in the world that has hardly changed in the last 4,000 years.
	www.nvtc.gov /lotw/months/may/Mandarin.html (2156 words)

	Chinese Super Bargains, Chinese Computers / Notebooks, Chinese Dictionary, Chinese ESL-English as Second Language, ...
		Chinese, like the other languages of the Sino-Tibetan family, is a tonal language, meaning that different tones, or intonations, dis-tinguish words that otherwise are pronounced identically.
		Chinese is written with thousands of distinctive characters called ideographs which have no relation to the sound of a word.
		The earliest Chinese characters were pictographs, such as a crescent for the moon, or a circle with a dot in the center to represent the sun.
	www.worldlanguage.com /Languages/Chinese.htm (1165 words)

	Chinese Characters
		The major varieties of Chinese are mutually unintelligible, but most people in China and Taiwan who don't speak Mandarin as their first language, can speak or least understand it.
		Mín Zhōng is spoken mainly in central Fùjiàn Province.
		Huīzhōu is spoken in southern ānhuī and northern Zhèjiāng provinces.
	www.chinesesoftwareguide.com /chinese/characters/char04.htm (646 words)

	Chinese www.Chinese101.com
		The Chinese language (汉语/漢語, Pinyin: Hànyu, 华语/華語, Huáyu or 中文, Zhōngwén) forms part of the Sino-Tibetan family of languages.
		Regional variation between different variants/dialects is comparable to the Romance language family; many variants of spoken Chinese are different enough to be mutually incomprehensible.
		However, it is not generally considered "Chinese", because it is written in Cyrillic and spoken by people outside China who are not considered Chinese in any sense.
	chinese101.com (488 words)

	Learn Chinese: Spoken Chinese
		Spoken Chinese is compiled for foreigners, oversea Chinese, and foreign students who come to China to learn Chinese.
		Spoken Chinese is divided into two volumes, 30 lessons in Vol.
		Systematic grammatical explanations have not been given in the textbook; instead, basic grammar points and frequently used spoken language patterns have been arranged into the texts and exercises in a way designed according to the frequency of usage and the degree of difficulty.
	www.abc-chinese.com /b00sc1.html (413 words)

	St. Edward's University
		Learning Mandarin (Chinese) enables us to explore the endless treasure of its ancient past as well as provide us ample opportunity to a huge job market in all of the countries where Mandarin is the language of commerce.
		Third, unlike English, Chinese is a tonal language, and for some students it is difficult to develop the habit of listening for tonal distinctions and producing them in speech.
		The Chinese program at St. Edward's is multimedia based, designed to provide students with the basic language skills needed to function in contemporary China with the skills needed to read classical and contemporary Chinese publications.
	www.stedwards.edu /hum/lang/chinese/chinese_faq.html (945 words)

	EthnoMed: Chinese Language Profile
		The Chinese language is the oldest written language in the world with at least six thousand years of history.
		Mandarin is also spoken in Taiwan, where it is referred to as Chinese rather than "Putonghua." Often, Mandarin is used in local TV and radio media.
		Although Cantonese is a common dialect spoken on a daily basis in Hong Kong, government officials and schools are required to use Mandarin dialect.
	ethnomed.org /ethnomed/cultures/chinese/chin_lang.html (2151 words)

	Brief introduction of Chinese Language - Learn Chinese Resources
		Its main aims are to facilitate the spread of mandarin, and the learning of Chinese characters.
		Bilingual education is now common in Taiwan as a way of reversing the previous neglect of Chinese dialects other than the national language.
		Although the mainland central government acknowledges the importance of local dialects they are several steps behind bilingual education due to the continuing efforts to establish mandarin as the national language.
	www.language-chinese.net /how07.htm (1465 words)

	Yale Mirror Series (spoken Chinese)
		This brand-new intermediate level textbook for modern Chinese, in two volumes, is designed for those studying on their own or for class use.
		This is the basic text used in spoken Chinese language classes at Beijing University.
		With emphasis on communication in the spoken language, all lessons include multiple dialogues in both forms of the character and pinyin, followed by notes, vocabulary and extensive, creative and interactive sets of exercises.
	www.yale.edu /fep/catalog/mirror1.html (987 words)

	Spoken Chinese: Instant Learning. Learn Mandarin Chinese. /title>
		The standard language for Chinese is the Pei-Ching based official language, called "mandarin".
		Chinese language is one of the most developed languages.
		PinYin (Official Chinese Roman Phonetics) are also printed to help pronunciation in Chinese with 4 tones.
	www.chinesetapes.com /learn_chinese/spoken_chinese.htm (222 words)

	Audio Tutorial of Basic Chinese
		A few Chinese may be able to help prevent you from being ripped off.
		Knowing a few Chinese expressions will make you enjoy your meals, and the more importantly, the experience all the more.
		With a little necessary Chinese vocabulary, you will be able to embark on your own tour of Chinese alleys and villages and come ever closer with the people you will meet.
	www.wku.edu /~yuanh/AudioChinese (379 words)

	Chinese Cultural Studies: The Chinese Language and Pronunciation
		Most of the spellings of Chinese sounds and names in this course are based on the Pinyin system of romanization.
		Written Chinese characters have no "pronunciation" and can be spoken in a variety of ways depending on the dialect used.
		The Chinese themselves have realized the advantages of an alphabetical system to render the language, for instance in computing.
	acc6.its.brooklyn.cuny.edu /~phalsall/texts/chinlng1.html (645 words)

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