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Topic: Springfield Race Riot of 1908

	Springfield Illinois IL
		Springfield Illinois is the capital of the U.S. state of Illinois and the county seat of Sangamon County.
		Ragtime composer Artie Matthews (1888 - 1958) was raised in Springfield.
		Springfield is the seat of a Catholic diocese.
	www.oicgroup.net /springfield-illinois-il (866 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Springfield Race Riot of 1908 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Springfield Race Riot of 1908 was a mass civil disturbance in Springfield, Illinois, USA sparked by the transfer of two African American prisoners out of the city jail by the county sheriff.
		As a direct result of the Springfield Race Riot, a meeting was held in New York City to discuss solutions to racial problems in the U.S. This meeting led to the formation of the NAACP, a well-known civil rights organization [13].
		Springfield is the capital of Illinois and the seat of Sangamon County, which is included in the Springfield metropolitan area.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Springfield-Race-Riot-of-1908 (1485 words)

	The Springfield Race Riot of 1908
		Springfield's two prominent claims, one positive and one negative, to national recognition are the home of Abraham Lincoln and the infamous 1908 race riot.
		The population of Springfield had grown at an alarming rate; it had nearly doubled since the last shot of the Civil War was heard in 1865.
		Springfield had the largest percentage of fls of any comparable city in Illinois.
	library.thinkquest.org /2986 (234 words)

	Springfield Convention and Visitors Bureau - Historic Sites
		Springfield has a rich and colorful past told through an exceptional collection of well-preserved state and national historic sites.
		The growth of Springfield over nearly 200 years and its impact on the nation and the world can be traced at these historic locations.
		Springfield is fortunate to have more than a few of these as well.
	www.planonspringfieldil.com /Meetings/ThingsToSee/HistoricSites.asp (184 words)

	Race Riots
		This is a picture taken at the beginning of the Chicago riots of 1919.
		The term "Race Riot" is given because it is done by one particular race.
		In the second type one race is not sought always out and persecuted by the mob, but the forming of the mob is usually sparked by some racial injustice, i.e...police brutality, assassination of a leader, etc....
	userwww.sfsu.edu /~rhernand/race_riots1.htm (154 words)

	Riot (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Springfield Race Riot Of 1908 Springfield's two prominent claims, one positive and one negative, tonational recognition are the home of Abraham Lincoln and the infamous 1908race riot.
		Riot Paris police used riot control agents to dispel rioters beforeWorld War I, and these compounds were the first chemical agentsdeployed during that war: French soldiers used them with limitedsuccess in small skirmishes.
		The Tulsa Race Riot, 1921 Additional links at the bottom : On May 31, 1921, Tulsa's pace as a progressive, booming, civilized city was halted as a bitter race riot erupted.
	www.fitness-finds.com /directory/sea-kayaking/riot.html (636 words)

	Sensationalist Reporting in the Springfield Race Riot of 1908
		An event that occurred in Springfield, Illinois, during August 14-15, 1908, is a good example of this type of emotional inclination.
		Springfield at the turn of the century was deeply divided by racial problems.
		The riot began when a mob of angry white men gathered outside the jail and demanded 'justice" be served to two of the fl prisoners, Joe James, accused of murdering Clergy Ballard in mid-July, and George Richardson, accused of "Outraging" Mabel Hallam.
	www.lib.niu.edu /ipo/1997/ihy970441.html (736 words)

	African American Perspectives: African American Pamphlets - Time Line Page Three
		One of the bloodiest race riots in the nation's history took place in East St. Louis, Illinois, on July 1-3.
		On July 25-28, a race riot occurred in Chester, Pennsylvania.
		On July 26-29, a race riot occurred in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
	memory.loc.gov /ammem/aap/timelin3.html (1277 words)

	African American Freedom Riots and Freedom Rides
		The 1943 Detroit Race Riots - By 1943 the number of fls in Detroit had doubled since 1933 to 200,000 and racial tensions in the city grew accordingly.
		The Springfield Race Riot of 1908 - Springfield's two prominent claims, one positive and one negative, to national recognition are the home of Abraham Lincoln and the infamous 1908 race riot.
		The Washington, DC Race Riot of 1919 - A fl suspect, questioned in an attempted sexual assault on a white woman, had been released by the Metropolitan Police.
	www.africanamericans.com /FreedomRiots.htm (2032 words)

	20. SPRINGFIELD RACE RIOT, 1908 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		By 1908 a larger percentage of the population of Springfield was fl than that of any other city in Illinois.
		Racial tension mounted on July 4, 1908, when a white mining engineer died of razor wounds inflicted by a fl man who, as rumor had it, was intent upon assaulting the murdered man's daughter.
		Not long afterward, the woman assaulted on Aug. 13, whose cries triggered the riot, admitted her attacker had not been a fl man after all; and the accused prisoner was released.
	www.museum.state.il.us /RiverWeb/landings/Ambot/Archives/vignettes/people/Springfield_20Race_20Riot.html (558 words)

	East St Louis Riot 1917
		Blacks involved in other riots between 1917 and 1923, recalled the horrors of the East St. Louis race riot, in which 250 to 700 Blacks (or more) were massacred in the most...
		Race Riot At East St Louis - 1917 (from material by John Cobb and Elliott Rudwick) America was built on the premise of optimism where human progress, combined with scientific advances and expansion...
		Blacks involved in other riots between 1917 and 1923, recalled the horrors of the East St. Louis race riot, in which 250 to 700 Blacks (or more) were massacred in the most gruesome...
	eaststlouis.mozoeast.com /eaststlouisriot1917 (1021 words)

	Liberty Street: Barack Obama, the Springfield Race Riots, and the 2008 Election
		The symbolism of Barack Obama's choice of Springfield, Illinois, to announce his run for the presidency is obvious: Abraham Lincoln; the Great Emancipator; Lincoln's "House Divided" speech; the Civil War.
		Though now largely forgotten, the events and aftermath of the Springfield Race Riot, as it came to be known, are as relevant to the hopes of Obama as is the legacy of Abraham Lincoln.
		I was not aware of race riots in 1908 in Springfield, IL.
	libertystreetusa.blogspot.com /2007/02/barack-obama-springfield-race-riots-and.html (1278 words)

	The History of Jim Crow
		Clearly, the race riots also were backlashes by white Americans who reacted with contempt and rage to fl Americans' cries for equality, justice, and decency.
		The second wave of riots, erupting in the last decade of the 19th and the first decade of the 20th centuries, reflected the new era of stepped-up Jim Crow rhetoric and attempts to legalize segregation and disfranchisement.
		The cluster of race riots, the third wave, that broke out around the World War I period reflected both the demands for justice by angry African Americans and the increasing competition between fls and whites brought on by the war and the fl migration to urban areas in the North.
	www.jimcrowhistory.org /resources/lessonplans/hs_es_urban_race_riots.htm (1070 words)

	Springfield, Illinois race riot of 1908 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The people of Springfield were led by the press to believe that the crime was a thwarted sexual assault attempt.
		The Springfield Race Riot of 1908 was sparked by Mabel Hallam's false accusation and fueled by economic and racial tensions already brewing in the fl and white communities.
		This riot also marked the last conflict between the races when the fl people did not rise up as a group to defend themselves.
	mailman.lbo-talk.org /1998/1998-May/001559.html (1911 words)

	[No title]
		Springfield, capital city of Illinois and hometown of Abraham Lincoln, in August 1908 had a healthy economy that felt no effects yet from the recession that gripped other areas.
		At the same time, the demographics of those involved in the riot show them to be mostly single men in their mid-twenties, gainfully employed, and of Illinois birth, not southern blood.
		If any good came from the riot, it was that the violence of Springfield prompted a meeting in New York in January 1909 among concerned fls and white reformers on the topic of race.
	www.cbn.com /special/BlackHistory/UnderGod_Springfieldriot.aspx (1081 words)

	Race Riot
		A race riot is any riot which occurs due to real or perceived inequality or oppression between members of different...
		The panel, the Tulsa Race Riot Commission, was created by the state legislature in 1997 to investigate violence that...
		In the Tulsa Race Riot of 1921, police flew airplanes and dropped nitroglycerin and dynamite on 600...
	www.the-gsba.org /race-riot.html (512 words)

	Springfield Convention and Visitors Bureau - Visitor Information - Self-Guided Tours
		A tragic series of events in Springfield's history led to the founding of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1909.
		The story of the 1908 Race Riot and its victims is told through a self-guided, eight-marker tour, beginning at the corner of Seventh and Jefferson Streets.
		Springfield is home to some very interesting historic houses.
	www.visit-springfieldillinois.com /Visitor/Tours.asp (242 words)

	Letters: AJCalhoun - Salon
		You know, the deadliest race riot on record took place in Cincinnatti, Ohio, at the outset of the reconstruction period, kicking off a long age of rioting and lyncherdom in the United States, most of it occurring in the deep south, as the rubes tried to imitate the violent standard set by Ohioans.
		This wasn't the first Cicinnatti race riot, nor would it be the last, but it was the worst race riot in U.S. history in terms of lives lost.
		Springfield's riot was only one of many in what some people would like to see as a Southern phenomenon.
	letters.salon.com /796e0c5145c949a53abdd2a53d37a6cb/author/index64.html (993 words)

	Race Riots
		There were 26 race riots in the United States in the year 1919 alone.
		A three-day race riot breaks out after an all-white jury acquits four white Miami police officers of killing Arthur McDuffie, a fl insurance salesman.
		Three days of race riots begin in Overtown, Miami when a fl man fleeing on motorcycle is killed by a hispanic police officer.
	www.rotten.com /library/history/racism/race-riots (290 words)

	StudyCircles.org \| Springfield, Illinois: Where conversations about race create ripples of community
		Springfield, Illinois, is well known as the city where Abraham Lincoln launched his legal and political career in the mid-19th century.
		Although this race riot in the Land of Lincoln received extensive press coverage and was a major catalyst in the 1909 establishment of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, it faded from most Springfieldersâ memory.
		The Race Relations Task Force vowed to work on long-standing issues of racial equity, and to act as a rapid response team for incidents that could strain race relations in the city.
	www.studycircles.org /en/Article.7.aspx (2056 words)

	It's My Mind: Springfield Race Riot of 1908 from the Illinois Channel
		Springfield Race Riot of 1908 from the Illinois Channel
		Illinois Channel has a program about the 1908 race riots in Springfield, Illinois.
		This occurred over a decade before a much more well known race riot in the city of Chicago in 1919.
	itismymind.blogspot.com /2007/07/springfield-race-riot-of-1908-from.html (293 words)

	Barack Obama and the Springfield race riot \| Salon
		Barack Obama is declaring his candidacy for the presidency of the United States on Saturday, two days before Abraham Lincoln's birthday, not in Chicago, the city where he launched his political career, but in Springfield, the Illinois state capital.
		The meaning of Springfield will not be lost on anyone who paid attention in history class.
		Springfield was Abe Lincoln's hometown, the frontier settlement-turned-capital where Lincoln started a law practice in 1837 and from which he later launched his own national political career.
	www.salon.com /opinion/feature/2007/02/10/obama_springfield (378 words)

	Riot - fivestar riot
		Riot Fest 2005 - November 4-5, 2005 at the Congress Theater in Chicago.
		Riot is only one node of the anonymous remailer network, many of which have a web site: (list outdated: see the geographical remailer map)
		About RIOT, RIOT is a new offering for the WWW audience providing interactive educational and research tools for optimization problems.
	www.esfind.com /esfd/riot.html (390 words)

	NNN Poll #6 * What is the best solution for racial problems?
		Two Whites Charged in 1969 Pennsylvania Black Race Riot Slaying Pennsylvania National Guradsmen and State Police maintained a tight vigil around York, Pa., early the night of July 22,1969 after the city was wracked by six days of sporadic sniper fire.
		1966 Hough and Glenville Racial Riots It is customary to attribute the Hough riot to the fact that on Monday night July 18, 1966, a Hough bar owner refused to serve a fl patron and the dispute set off the riot.
		Race riot at the University of Mississippi in 1962
	www.newnation.org /NNN-poll.html (1633 words)

	African American Perspectives: African American Pamphlets - Time Line Page Three
		On September 22-24, in a race riot in Atlanta, ten fls and two whites were killed.
		On August 23, a riot erupted in Houston between fl soldiers and white citizens; 2 fls and 11 whites were killed.
		On July 25-28, a race riot occurred in Chester, Pennsylvania.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /ammem/aap/timelin3.html (1277 words)

	Letters: Barack Obama and the Springfield race riot - Salon
		If race matters, then the Black(tm) population has to deal with the cultural problems of racism, homophobia, and diminished expectations within their own ranks, and if it doesn't, then the White(tm) population has to deal with competing with those they have often seen as inadequate by birthright as compensation for their own inadequacies.
		We forget somehow that race riots occured recently in Los Angeles--Just because it was between African Americans and Korean Americans instead of Europian Americans beating up on African Americans does not in any way excuse it.
		Yeah, rioting happens rather regularly in most mixed race cultures, because it is human nature to bully and intimidate, and in the case of Los Angeles, to express built-up frustration.
	letters.salon.com /opinion/feature/2007/02/10/obama_springfield/view/?show=all (1177 words)

	1908 - Qwika
		Springfield Race Riot of 1908 An example of the damage caused to...
		the riot The Springfield Race Riot of 1908 was a mass civil disturbance in Springfield...
		Seat of Government Act 1908 The Seat of Government Act 1908 was enacted by the Australian Government on December 14, 1908.
	www.qwika.com /find/1908?int=90 (476 words)

	WUIS series honors 12 women who changed Springfield
		SPRINGFIELD – A dozen women who changed their community for the better will be recognized in "Skirting Convention: 12 Women Who Changed Springfield," a new oral history series produced by public radio WUIS 91.9 FM.
		Oxtoby pioneered the restoration and redevelopment of the downtown district and served as president of Downtown Springfield, Inc. She helped found the Springfield Children's Museum in the 1970s and served as its first president.
		WUIS Springfield Bureau Chief Kavitha Cardoza is the series producer, and she is assisted by UIS graduate student Julie Perino.
	cspl.uis.edu /news/2007_3_6_a.htm (1212 words)

	NNN Poll #6 * What is the best solution for racial problems?
		Two Whites Charged in 1969 Pennsylvania Black Race Riot Slaying Pennsylvania National Guradsmen and State Police maintained a tight vigil around York, Pa., early the night of July 22,1969 after the city was wracked by six days of sporadic sniper fire.
		1966 Hough and Glenville Racial Riots It is customary to attribute the Hough riot to the fact that on Monday night July 18, 1966, a Hough bar owner refused to serve a fl patron and the dispute set off the riot.
		Race riot at the University of Mississippi in 1962
	www.newnation.com /Archives/NNN-poll-06.html (1633 words)

	Rebecca Dispatch
		We are talking about the Springfield, IL Race Riots of 1908, and Jim is wowing me with his grandmother's memories of 92 years ago.
		To give Mabel Hallam sole credit for inciting the riot, however, is to ignore the issues that had been simmering all summer.
		And they were upset about their own low wages and lack of jobs, which they also blamed on the "high" number of fls (6.5% of the total population of Springfield) that had moved into an area of town named the "badlands" around the turn of the century.
	www.ustrek.org /odyssey/semester2/013101/013101beckyriot1.html (1392 words)

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