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Topic: Spruce Hole Bog

	Spruce
		Spruce, Wisconsin Spruce is a town located in 2000 census, the town had a total population of 871.
		Spruce Grove Township, Beltrami County, Minnesota Spruce Grove Township is a township located in 2000 census, the townsh...
		Spruce Township, Minnesota Spruce Township is a township located in 2000 census, the township had a total population of...
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/spruce.html (436 words)

	Species: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-12)
		Bog birch occurs on these wet sites but may also be found on many cool and dry to mesic spruce sites where it may form a continuous tall shrub layer [14].
		Bog birch catkins, buds, and seeds are eaten by numerous bird species including ptarmigan, sharp-tailed grouse, spruce grouse, ruffed grouse, redpolls, pine siskin, chickadees, and kinglets [5,36,54,60].
		Bog birch has a moderate to high shade tolerance [30] and is found in the understory of many fl and white spruce taiga communities of Alaska and Canada [14,55,60].
	www.fs.fed.us /database/feis/plants/shrub/betgla/all.html (3624 words)

	Young Naturalist Awards 2001
		Bogs are so acidic that for plants it is as if they are trying to live in a pond full of orange juice.
		A 70-year-old fl spruce out of a bog could reach more than 15 feet, but in a bog, the same tree would be only about three feet tall.
		Unlike Spruce Hole, there was no ice on the pond and the water lapped gently at the shore.
	www.amnh.org /nationalcenter/youngnaturalistawards/2001/rebecca.html (1949 words)

	Green Bay Press-Gazette - Chilton couple discovers historic bog in back yard
		A bog is a wetland that accumulates acidic peat, a deposit of dead plant material.
		Bogs are found in cold, temperate climates in the Northern Hemisphere.
		The bog, which is 100 feet wide, 200 feet long and stretches a half-acre, is filled with peat moss, wood and water.
	www.greenbaypressgazette.com /news/archive/local_21572172.shtml (692 words)

	Adopt-A-Moose - D0982 - October/December 1997 update
		Bogs look, from the distance, like a big, flat, wet meadow and they feel, if you were to jump on one, like one of those giant inflatable pillow/bubbles you play on at the fair.
		Bogs help prevent flooding since they are so good at holding on to any water that runs into them or falls on them in the form of rain.
		And some bogs are actually mined for their peat which is used by gardeners or burned as fuel.
	www.fws.gov /midwest/agassiz/moosesite/D0982/1997/D0982octdec97.html (1335 words)

	Summer 2002 Conservation Perspectives: A Natural History of Bogs and Acidic Fens of Southern New England - by Marsha ...
		Controlling mechanisms for southern distribution of bog communities appear to be the intensity of solar radiation and the length of the growing season during the summer.
		Bogs and fens are "the fundamental subdivision" of peatlands, according to A.J.P. Gore (1983), who noted that "even at the widest scale of enquiry it appears that these two words can adequately subdivide all" peatlands.
		Neither vegetation pattern nor bog succession is restricted to a single model; variation from bog to bog is the norm due to complex interactions of external environmental factors coupled with internal changes brought about by the vegetation itself.
	www.nescb.org /epublications/summer2002/bogsandfens1.html (6699 words)

	ASNH Ponemah Bog Sanctuary
		After the still whiteness of winter, when the bog is encircled by silent hoary spruces, the magenta bloom of rhodora explodes in May. In summer, clouds of bog cotton float above the mat, punctuated by the fleeting blossoms of pink orchids.
		Near the older, outer rim of the bog, the peat mat is thick enough to support shrubs and stunted trees, and tapers in thickness toward the edge of the pond.
		Bogs are colossal sponges, moderating the effects of flood and drought.
	www.nhaudubon.org /sanctuaries/ponemah.htm (1464 words)

	Bog
		Bog A bog is a acidic due to the accumulated decaying vegetation.
		Bog body A bog body is a preserved human body found in a Sphagnum bog.
		Matley Bog is notable for the presence of the rare ant, Formica ca...
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/bog.html (177 words)

	Tales of the East Coast Trail
		The bog copper can be abundant on and about the heath throughout the summer where the short, thick, slug- like, greenish caterpillars feed on the shoots and leaves of cranberry and possibly marsh berry plants.
		A lowland bog can often be considered as the end of a process of succession from lake (or pond) to fen to bog or, simply, the final stage in the aging of a pond.
		Bog ochre occurs as yellow and red ochre which grades into sienna (yellow- brown), umber (a darker brown), burnt sienna (brown or bright red) and burnt umber (a darker brown than umber).
	www.ucs.mun.ca /~patrickr/TrailTales (17785 words)

	Kettle hole (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-12)
		A kettle hole is a geological feature formed by receding glaciers.
		As the ice melts, a depression called a kettle hole remains.
		Geological definition of a kettle hole from the University of Wisconsin
	www.encyclopedia-1.com /k/ke/kettle_hole.html (82 words)

	Wetlands Habitat: Bogs
		A bog is an area of moist, soggy ground, usually with peat formed by the decay and carbonization of mosses and other vegetation in the bog.
		Thus the surface of a bog is gradually elevated and if the bog becomes oversaturated with water, it may burst, deluging nearby fields with mud.
		Bogs are also formed when a pond or lake begins to dwindle due to the growth of nearby forests and other wetland plants such as the sphagnum moss and peat (the decayed remains of sphagnum moss and other decomposition of plant material).
	www.birdnature.com /bogs.html (431 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-12)
		Bogs are also characterized by a growth of acid-tolerant evergreen trees and shrubs (e.g.
		However, unlike true bogs, fens generally receive some drainage from surface runoff and surrounding soils (seepage) in addition to precipitation and are generally characterized by grasses, sedges, and reeds.
		The classic kettle hole bog has concentric zones of vegetation around a central pond: open water surrounded by a floating mat of sphagnum moss, sedges, and small shrubs, bordered by taller shrubs and stunted trees and an enclosing bog forest of conifers.
	www.milford.nh.gov /~conservation/business/glossary.html (2765 words)

	The Formation of Smith Pond Bog (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-12)
		These last arrivals were recorded in the standing water by the bog itself, which has preserved pollen in its layers of peat from plants of the spruce-fir forest and later mixed hardwood forest.
		The absence of oxygen and the acidity of bogs are known to have distinct preserving qualities; the remains of 2,000 year old "bog people" have been discovered in the heaths and bogs of Europe.
		This unique, acidic bog environment is highly suitable for certain hardy and specialized plants, some of which are relic species that, outside of bogs, are now largely confined to Arctic and Alpine areas.
	www.nhaudubon.org /sanctuaries/smithpondbog.htm (296 words)

	Kent Bog State Nature Preserve
		Beautiful tamarack bog forest, one of the most intact bogs in Ohio with the largest stand of Tamarack trees.
		The lake was surrounded by coniferous forest dominated by spruce, fir, and tamarack.
		Although it would take thousands of years, this was the beginning of a natural process by which the basin eventually would fill in with peat until bog meadow replaced glacial lake.
	www.dnr.state.oh.us /dnap/location/KentBog.html (351 words)

	The Wilfrid Bog Issue: Natural History
		The Wilfrid Bog is found within a poorly drained kettle hole depression, formed when a large section of ice separated and lodged itself into a previously existing but glacial reshaped hill (a drumlin).
		Indeed, boreal bogs of this form are extremely rare within Ontario, with the Wilfrid Bog being one of the most significantly unique bogs known.
		The original complete bog (before any man influences) would have seen vegetation zone 1 at the centre of the bog, circled by vegetation zone 2, which would in turn be perimetered by vegetation zone 3.
	members.fortunecity.com /oktipson/wilfridnathistory.htm (1301 words)

	NYSOA - Ferd's Bog
		A 50-acre fl spruce bog, stream, and bog pond surrounded by 50 acres of boreal forest with a representative bird community including...Three-toed Woodpecker, Black-backed Woodpecker, Olive-sided Flycatcher, Yellow-bellied Flycatcher, Gray Jay, Boreal Chickadee, and Lincoln's Sparrows.
		The boardwalk is there to preserve the bog and it's plants from the hundreds of feet that have been widening and destroying the entrance to the bog.
		We began to call it "The bog up near Ferd's camp" which eventually evolved to "Ferd's Bog." Since there was no official name on the topo map, it has been known, by birders at least, by that name for more than 25 years.
	www.nybirds.org /Articles/ferds_bog.htm (1254 words)

	Wills Hole Description
		The approach trail to the bog traverses the top of a glacial esker, a sand and gravel ridge deposited by the meltwater stream that flowed beneath a melting Ice Age glacier.
		Beyond the white pine grove adjoining the bog’s boardwalk, the loop trail continues its circuit of the combined consareas, passing for a short distance along a paved trail at the perimeter of a new subdivision.
		One or more secondary (blue-blazed) trails through the interior of the property are in process of being marked to make shorter walks through the area possible, and also to prevent walkers unfamiliar with the area from getting ‘lost’ in the tangle of small paths that developed during an earlier period of different use.
	www.town.acton.ma.us /LSCOM/DescWillsHole.htm (644 words)

	vol 5
		Spruce resin is very combustible and easy to light even in the rain, but it is rather vulnerable to what?
		Bog Rosemary grows in wet conditions and has a white underside without fuzz on its leaves.
		A: Black spruce has round cones, white spruce cones are oblong.
	www.karamat.com /vol5.html (988 words)

	Spruce Hole Bog - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Wikimedia needs your help in its US$200,000 fund drive.
		The Spruce Hole Bog is a complete ecological community occupying a true kettle hole.
		It has been designated a National Natural Landmark since 1972; there were five similar sites, but they have been destroyed.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Spruce_Hole_Bog (107 words)

	Wetland Trail Design and Construction, 0123-2833-MTDC, Types of Wetlands
		The spruce bog is a forest type found in the northern United States and throughout Canada and Alaska.
		The forest often consists of pure stands of fl spruce, a slow-growing tree that survives in dense shade where the water table is high.
		In spruce bogs, roots spread on the surface, presenting a problem for trail construction.
	www.fhwa.dot.gov /environment/fspubs/01232833/types01.htm (2400 words)

	BOGS
		A bog is recognized as an isolated, usually round area covered by sphagnum moss.
		Typically, a bog is found in a basin or kettle hole left behind by retreating glaciers.
		The boardwalk of the bog went from the outer edge where the taller shrubs and trees grew right down into the heart of it to over look the huge Ponkapoag pond in the center.
	www.bristolaggie.mec.edu /school/NR/Bogs.htm (387 words)

	Spruce Hill Township, Pennsylvania Definition / Spruce Hill Township, Pennsylvania Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-12)
		Spruce Hill Township, Pennsylvania Definition / Spruce Hill Township, Pennsylvania Research
		Spruce Hill Township is a township located in Juniata County, Pennsylvania.
		As of the 20002000 is a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and also: The International Year for a Culture of Peace.
	www.elresearch.com /Spruce_Hill_Township,_Pennsylvania (111 words)

	FY96abs.htm
		he Spruce Hole Bog, located in the central portion of the formation, is the only remaining "kettlehole" bog in southeastern New Hampshire.
		Bogs are ecosystems whose species composition is potentially greatly influenced by water table characteristics and chemical composition of incoming water.
		Given the possible use of the Spruce Hole Aquifer as a water source for Durham, and given the possible influence of such development on the hydrologic characteristics of the bog, some baseline information on the biological characteristics of the bog seems desirable.
	unhinfo.unh.edu /wrrc/fy96abs.htm (1776 words)

	WDNR - Sapa Spruce Bog State Natural Area
		Description: Located in a glacial kettle hole, Sapa Spruce Bog features a fl spruce-tamarack bog, the southern-most location of this type in the state.
		Surrounding the bog is a moat consisting of sedge meadow in the southwest and swamp hardwoods in the north and east.
		Sapa Spruce Bog is owned by the University of Wisconsin and was designated a State Natural Area in 1986.
	www.dnr.state.wi.us /ORG/land/er/sna/sna208.htm (206 words)

	The Mountain Ear (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-12)
		This 5.1- mile route to the summit (with 2700 feet of elevation gain) features a great variety of scenery: old-growth hemlocks, secluded Shingle Pond, a cascading brook, a high-level bog, mossy mountainside spruce woods, and the far-reaching views for which Kearsarge North is renowned.
		It is not a trail for novices, as in places it can be challenging to follow, and it tests you with a strenuous thousand-foot climb in the last mile.
		Some maneuvering on slippery logs was required as the trail skirted the mucky edge of the bog.
	www.mountainear.com /Sports/Sportsstories/EQ-WJW.nclk (1112 words)

	COMMENTS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-12)
		He hovered over the ice hole like an avenging angel, waiting for just the right moment, and then the bobber slowly sank below the surface like it had taken on water.
		The fish -- obviously a bull bluegill because of its characteristic fight -- presented a broad side to the pull of the line.
		The two men fought silent battles with their fish, and then Jones hoisted a tremendous bluegill from the ice hole.
	daverichey.com /pMachine/comments.php?id=470_0_1_0_C (929 words)

	NH WRRC Past Research - FY97 Abstracts
		A continuing project, the study of groundwater at the Spruce Hole formation, was completed this year.
		The Spruce Hole bog appears to be isolated from the aquifer below.
		This isolation stems from the buildup of the decaying bog peat, which has resulted in a relatively impervious layer.
	www.wrrc.unh.edu /past_research/fy97.htm (1173 words)

	Inventing Europe: Let's Take a Trip (The CD Script)
		This is a huge peat bog stretching along a promontory that looks out over the Atlantic: These bogs are a phenomenon created by human occupancy.
		The center is a 27-foot hole - an oculus, or eye, which carries light into that great inner space.
		She and Howard Hughes's Spruce Goose flying boat were both on display there until the Spruce Goose was relocated in Oregon.
	www.uh.edu /engines/taketrip.htm (10845 words)

	Cannabis World Online Archive - is this a good plant site? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-12)
		peat bogs are full of acid and mj does'nt like it, meby a lot of lime mixed in might work.
		Another method involving pot-principles is to dig a deep hole in the ground (such as a bowl or a kidney), line it with a tarp or other strong plastic and fill it back in with OUTSIDE soil.
		Using a hole method like this with an impenetrable bottom allows water to be used very efficiently--especially if you use Polymer Crystals (higher amount than package recommends).
	cannabisworld.org /vbportal/forums/showthread/t-9513.html (900 words)

	Don't Get Bogged Down (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-12)
		BOG - A raised peatland whose nutrient source is the atomosphere.
		Take a small sample of substrate (soil) obtained from Bog and do a simple Nitrogen test from a soil test kit.
		Visit a MUSEUM where Bog people and artifacts are on display.
	www.necc.mass.edu /MRVIS/MR3_5/start.htm (778 words)

	Green Bay Press-Gazette - Nonhuman bones discovered in Chilton bog tested for origin, age
		In May, Rick Schneider began digging a pond on a portion of his land that was a cattail hole.
		On Tuesday, while Schneider and his brother-in-law were removing debris from the bog, they found six white bones next to a field of alfalfa sprouts, and immediately contacted William Mode, a professor of geology at the University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh.
		Snails and fl spruce pinecones also were found on the site, which was declared a pre-historic bog on June 23, said Jim Clark, a professor of geology at Wheaton College.
	www.greenbaypressgazette.com /news/archive/local_21649277.shtml (374 words)

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