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Topic: Sputnik 4

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Sputnik 9

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Voskhod program

Skylab 3

Skylab 4

Vostok 1

Voskhod 1

	Sputnik Orbits the Earth
		Sputnik was the first man-made object, ever to to orbit the earth.
		Sputnik was equipped with transmitters on two different frequencies, to let everyone know that it was there.
		Sputnik II was equipped with many devices for monitoring space and gathering new information about earth.
	www.sbac.edu /~morrisjw/1950-59/Sputnik/index.html (341 words)

	Sputnik program (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Sputnik 2 was launched some months later, and carried the first living passenger, a dog named Laika.
		Sputnik 4 was launched into orbit two years later on May 15, 1960.
		Sputnik 5 was launched into orbit on August 19, 1960 with the dogs Belka and Strelka (Russian for "Squirrel" and "Little Arrow"), 40 mice, 2 rats and a variety of plants on-board.
	www.fact-index.com /s/sp/sputnik_program.html (228 words)

	Sputnik program Summary
		Sputnik is the name given to a series of scientific research satellites launched by the Soviet Union during the period from 1957 to 1961.
		Sputnik 3 was launched on May 15, 1958, Sputnik 4 on May 15, 1960, Sputnik 5 on August 19, 1960, Sputnik 6 on December 1, 1960, Sputnik 7 on February 4, 1961, Sputnik 8 on February 12, 1961, Sputnik 9 on March 9, 1961, and Sputnik 10 on March 25, 1961.
		Sputnik 40 (Object 24958/97058C) was a 1/3 scale model amateur radio AMSAT satellite launched from the Mir space station on 3 November 1997 to commemorate the 40th anniversary of Sputnik 1.
	www.bookrags.com /Sputnik_program (2116 words)

	SPACE.com -- The True Story of Laika the Dog
		Sputnik 1, a 40-pound sphere, carried a simple transmitter and was considered very heavy compared to the U.S. spacecraft under development at the time.
		At the reception, Khrushchev made the suggestion that another Sputnik be launched to mark the 40th Anniversary of the Bolshevik Revolution celebrated on November 7.
		In the West, Sputnik 2 renewed the debate over the treatment of animals, while in the U.S.S.R., the flight was widely ridiculed by ordinary citizens as propaganda.
	www.space.com /news/laika_anniversary_991103.html (773 words)

	Soviet Craft - Sputnik (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Sputnik 1 rocket booster also reached Earth orbit and was visible from the ground at night as a first magnitude object, while the small but highly polished sphere barely visible at sixth magnitude more difficult to follow optically.
		Sputnik 2 was the second spacecraft launched into Earth orbit and was the first biological to contain a passenger.
		Sputnik 20 was intended to be a Venus landing mission.
	filer.case.edu /~sjr16/advanced/20th_soviet_sputnik.html (2250 words)

	Sputnik (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Sputnik was launched 1957 October 4 to become the world's first artificial satellite.
		Sputnik 2, with the dog 'Laika' aboard was not designed to return safely to Earth so the animal was destined to die in orbit.
		Sputnik 3 - backup of Korolyov's satellite - launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome by Sputnik (R-7) rocket into 216 x 1863 kilometre orbit at 65.2 degrees inclination - an immediate failure of its onboard tape recorder means that data can only be gathered when the satellite is within range of a ground-based radio receiving station
	www.zarya.info /Diaries/Sputnik/Index.htm (942 words)

	[No title]
		Sputnik 4 was a USSR satellite, part of the Sputnik program and a test-flight of the Vostok spacecraft that would be used for the first human spaceflight.
		SPUTNIK 40 was launched on November 4th, 1997 to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the first earth artificial satellite.
		SPUTNIK 40 was released in space from MIR space station by cosmonaut Pavel Vinogradov during an extra vehicular walk.
	lycos.cs.cmu.edu /info/sputnik.html (473 words)

	Sputnik
		Sputnik is the name of the very first group of satellites sent into space by the Soviet Union.
		Sputnik 1, the first satellite, was launched on Oct. 4, 1957 from the Tyuratam cosmodrome.
		Sputnik 1 was launched by a 92 ft. (28m) intercontinental ballistic missile.
	library.thinkquest.org /J002741/sputnik.htm (323 words)

	Korabl-Sputnik
		Korabl-Sputnik (K-S) 1-5 were known in the west as Sputnik 4, 5, 6, 9, and 10.
		(Sputnik 7 and 8 were launched as Venus probes, the latter also known as Venera 1.
		On K-S 4 and 5, the dog passengers were accompanied by a lifelike mannequin nicknamed Ivan Ivanovich.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/K/Korabl-Sputnik.html (417 words)

	sputnik \| tommyCHANG 07
		Sputnik 2 was launched on November 3, 1957 and carried the first living passenger, a dog named Laika.
		Sputnik 4 was launched two years later, on May 15, 1960.
		Sputnik 5 was launched on August 19, 1960 with the dogs Belka and Strelka, 40 mice, 2 rats and a variety of plants on board.
	www.tommychang.net /family/sputnik.htm (377 words)

	Sputnik
		“Sputnik” (satellite) was the abbreviated Western name for these spacecraft, known in Russia generically as Iskusstvenniy Sputnik Zemli (Artificial Earth Satellite).
		Sputniks 1, 2, and 3 were launched during the International Geophysical Year, a period lasting from Jul. 1, 1957, to Dec. 31, 1958.
		The spacecraft known in the West as Sputnik 4, 5, 6, 9, and 10 were announced at the time in Russia as Korabl-Sputnik 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/S/Sputnik.html (310 words)

	Sputnik: Launch plus 40
		Sputnik I replica at the National Air and Space Museum.
		(Sputnik 1 is long dead, but we found it in a long list of satellites.
		Sputnik orbited the Earth every 96.1 minutes, at a height of 227 to 945 kilometers, and incinerated upon entering Earth's atmosphere Jan. 3, 1958.
	whyfiles.org /047sputnik/main1.html (489 words)

	Space Today Online - Animals - Dogs in Space
		Sputnik 2 was outfitted with scientific gauges, life-support systems, and padded walls, but was not designed for recovery.
		Korabl-Sputnik-4, also known as Sputnik 9 was launched on March 9, 1961 and carried the fl dog Chernushka (Blackie) on a one orbit mission.
		Korabl-Sputnik-5, also known as Sputnik 10 was launched on March 25, 1961 and carried the dog Zvezdochka (Little Star) and a dummy cosmonaut — a wooden mannequin — on a one orbit mission.
	www.spacetoday.org /Astronauts/Animals/Dogs.html (3806 words)

	Untitled Document
		Sputnik #1 was designed to send radio signals to earth and determine the density of the atmosphere, although it only transmitted signals to earth a short time after launch.
		It might have originally been intended as the first launch in the Sputnik program, but it was apparently decided to be more cautious in the launch schedule.
		Sputnik #3 was designed to be a geographical laboratory, performing experiments on the earth's magnetic field, radiation belt, and ionosphere.
	warrensburg.k12.mo.us /ew/sputnik/amanda.html (332 words)

	Experiences with the Sputnik Stereo Camera
		The Sputnik is the stereo version of the famous Lubitel of which more than 3 million have been produced.
		As all former Soviet cameras, the Sputnik is somewhat crude regarding design as well as manufacturing quality (see also my page about quality aspects of Russian and Ukrainian cameras).
		Michel Spruijt has replaced the frontparts of his Sputnik with frontparts of the Lubitel 166 (see the result) so that he can now use 40.5 mm screw-in filters and lens shades.
	www.pauck.de /marco/photo/stereo/sputnik/sputnik.html (1488 words)

	CNN - Sputnik's beep-beep-beep sparked global space race - Oct. 4, 1997
		Sputnik, the world's first man-made satellite, prompted a global space race when it was launched by the Soviet Union 40 years ago, and ultimately reordered American politics, education and its 1950s mood of invulnerability.
		The size of a basketball and the weight of a man, Sputnik emitted a high-pitched beep that could be heard on shortwave radio as the craft orbited Earth, a far cry from the sophisticated satellites now in routine use, and vastly different from the U.S.-Russian venture on Mir.
		Sputnik's October 4, 1957, launch was no surprise to U.S. scientists, who had been working with their Soviet counterparts on just such projects, but it shocked the American public.
	www.cnn.com /TECH/9710/04/sputnik.reut/index.html (691 words)

	Sputnik
		Sputnik's radio signals, rebroadcast by television and radio stations around the world, immediately captured the public's imagination.
		One admiral even called Sputnik a "hunk of iron almost anybody could launch." Soon after, military personnel were told not to discuss the satellite.
		Imagine you are living in 1957; write a letter to President Eisenhower encouraging him to support increased funding for science and math education as a result of the Sputnik launch.
	www.trumanlibrary.org /museum/sputnik1.htm (1297 words)

	Sputnik
		Sputnik was the forerunner of military weapons that could attack from space (i.e.
		Sputnik was launched on Oct. 4, 1957 from Baikonur cosmodome in Kazakhstan, Russia.
		Sputnik let out beeps every few seconds because it was equipped with transmitters.
	www.angelfire.com /stars/lunareclipse/sputnikfinal.htm (268 words)

	Sputnik program - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite[1], was launched on October 4, 1957.The world's first artificial satellite was about the size of a basketball, weighed only 183 pounds, and took about 98 minutes to orbit the Earth on its elliptical path
		Sputnik 40, also called Sputnik PS2, Radio Sputnik 17 (RS-17) and Mini-Sputnik, was a ⅓-scale model amateur radio satellite launched from the Mir space station on 3 November 1997 to commemorate the 40th anniversary of Sputnik 1.
		The spacecraft body resembled Sputnik 1 and was built by students at the Polytechnic Laboratory of Nalchik in Kabardino-Balkaria.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sputnik_program (584 words)

	Apollo to the Moon -- Reference Timeline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Sputnik 2, second Soviet artificial satellite, with dog (Laika) aboard, gathers biological data from orbit.
		Soviet Sputnik 5 is the first vehicle to return successfully a live payload from space to Earth.
		The Soviet Vostok 4 comes within 4.9 km of Vostok 3 during Earth orbit, as the second part of the first dual launch mission.
	www.nasm.si.edu /exhibitions/attm/nojs/timeline.html (3562 words)

	Dr Robot Inc.
		Sputnik offers full WiFi (802.11b) wireless, multimedia, sensing and motion capabilities and comes with a wide range of sensor, camera, and audio modules, sufficient to serve in any variety of applications.
		Sputnik includes all WiRobot development software components (for MS Windows 2000 and later), enabling easy access to all data and information in a standard Microsoft Windows programming environment (e.g., MS VB and VC++).
		With Sputnik, researchers are free develop a raneg of specialized intelligent robotic assistants or service units, or simply use it as a platform for projects built around applications such as human-machine interaction, mobile system navigation, robot behavior, image processing, object recognition, voice recognition, teleoperation, remote sensing, map building and localization etc.
	www.drrobot.com /products_item.asp?itemNumber=SPUTNIK (827 words)

	Sputnik
		History changed on October 4, 1957, when the Soviet Union successfully launched Sputnik I. The world's first artificial satellite was about the size of a basketball, weighed only 183 pounds, and took about 98 minutes to orbit the Earth on its elliptical path.
		The story begins in 1952, when the International Council of Scientific Unions decided to establish July 1, 1957, to December 31, 1958, as the International Geophysical Year (IGY) because the scientists knew that the cycles of solar activity would be at a high point then.
		In September 1955, the Naval Research Laboratory's Vanguard proposal was chosen to represent the U.S. during the IGY.
	www.hq.nasa.gov /office/pao/History/sputnik (432 words)

	GPN-2002-000166 - Sputnik 1
		The Sputnik 1 (PS-1) satellite is shown here on a rigging truck in the assembly shop in the fall of 1957 as a technician puts finishing touches on it.
		On October 4, 1957, Sputnik 1 successfully launched and entered Earth's orbit.
		Sputnik shocked the world, giving the USSR the distinction of putting the first human-made object into space and putting the United States a step behind in the space race.
	grin.hq.nasa.gov /ABSTRACTS/GPN-2002-000166.html (213 words)

	Retro Galaxy - Sputnik Program
		Their first launch had originally been intended to launch before Sputnik, but was delayed several times before blowing up on the pad.
		All Sputniks were carried to orbit by the R.7 launch vehicle, originally designed to carry ballistic warheads.
		A Sputnik I Model was given as a present to the United Nations and now decorates the entry Hall of their NYC Headquarter.
	www.retrogalaxy.com /sputnik.asp (491 words)

	Sputnik Vodka - Genuine Russian XP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Sputnik Vodka - Genuine Russian XP Sputnik Vodka is our flagship brand and one of the few genuine Russian Vodkas available in the West.
		The old authentic recipe was selected by some of Russia's greatest vodka distillers to mark the pioneering launch of the Sputnik satellite in the late fifties.
		Sputnik Vodka is enjoyed by drinkers all over the world from the hippest of London's style bars to the most intimate of Moscow taverns
	www.sputnikvodka.com (154 words)

	Sputnik Sweetheart - Murakami Haruki
		"Sputnik Sweetheart is a little like an Eric Rohmer film, in that everybody talks incessantly and not always cogently, but their babble matters less than the deeper feelings and human truths it betrays.
		Sputnik Sweetheart is a tale of unrequited loves and of those who, despite deep and close friendships, remain alone -- all of us, Murakami sometimes seems to suggest.
		Sputnik also means "traveling companion" in Russian, as Miu discovers, and this is how she feels about Sumire:
	www.complete-review.com /reviews/murakamih/sputniks.htm (1746 words)

	Sputnik (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Sputnik program consisted of 3 successful satellites that were about 2 ft round and weighed 184 lds, it stayed up for 6 months.
		The second Sputnik satellite was launched on Nov. 3, 1957 and carried a dog, named Laika, into space.
		One of these gigantic rockets exploded in the mid 60's and although there are no photographs of it, the seismic shock wave that was felt in India and Japan, this suggest the possibility that it was considerably larger than the boosters used today to launch the space shuttle.
	www.geog.ucsb.edu /~jeff/115a/history/sputnik.html (272 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Satellites Work"
		The Soviet Sputnik satellite was the first to orbit Earth, launched on October 4, 1957.
		Sputnik's transmissions died along with its battery after only three weeks, but its effects have been felt for decades.
		Sputnik is a good example of just how simple a satellite can be.
	science.howstuffworks.com /satellite1.htm (631 words)

	Online NewsHour Forum: Sputnik, 40 Years Later -- October 13, 1997
		The NewsHour's panel of historians debate the legacy of Sputnik.
		It was only a simple, aluminum sphere that weighed 184 pounds and was 23 inches across, but when it was launched on October 4, 1957, Sputnik was the pinnacle of Soviet space technology and began the Cold War race to the moon.
		Sputnik, the first man-made satellite to be sent into orbit, only carried a radio transmitter that sent a beep back to Earth, it signaled much more to America.
	www.pbs.org /newshour/forum/october97/sputnik_10-13.html (382 words)

	Sputnik
		McDougall, Walter A. "Sputnik, the Space Race, and the Cold War." The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists.
		Recent evidence suggests that the US may have allowed the Soviets to launch the first satellite to establish a precedent for the legality of satellite surveillance.
		Scientific challenges of rocket techniques, guidelines for planning the first Sputnik, and details of construction are presented.
	www.hq.nasa.gov /office/hqlibrary/pathfinders/sputnik.htm (260 words)

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