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Topic: Squatter

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Squatter Sovereign

Squatter sovereignty

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	Squatter Sovereignty - KS-Cyclopedia - 1912
		Squatter Sovereignty.—The doctrine of "Squatter Sovereignty" was based on the theory that the people of any state or territory should have the right to regulate their domestic institutions as they might see fit, particularly the institution of slavery.
		On June 10, 1854, a Squatters' Claim Association was organized by a number of Missourians in the Salt creek valley, 3 miles from Leavenworth.
		Such were the practical workings of the doctrine of "Squatter Sovereignty." But a day came when the people of Kansas arose in their might and made a constitution prohibiting slavery in the state.
	skyways.lib.ks.us /genweb/archives/1912/s/squatter_sovereignty.html (936 words)

	Squatting - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Squatters often claim rights over the spaces they have squatted by virtue of occupation, rather than ownership; in this sense, squatting is similar to (and potentially a necessary condition of) adverse possession, by which a possessor of real property without title may eventually gain legal title to the real property.
		It is known that many squatters fought battles with advanced European weapons against the local Indigenous Australian communities in the areas they occupied, though such battles were rarely investigated and modern historians dispute the number of Indigenous people killed in these skirmishes.
		Frequently squatters will move in and then later assess how open they can be about their activities before they approach the neighbours, others will not move into a place until they have first met and discussed he idea with the neighbours.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Squatter (1720 words)

	Defining Squatter Settlements
		A squatter settlement therefore, can be defined as a residential area which has developed without legal claims to the land and/or permission from the concerned authorities to build; as a result of their illegal or semi-legal status, infrastructure and services are usually inadequate.
		Squatter settlements have been in existence from a long time, in the sense that an individual other than the land owner has built houses with or without the consent of the land owner.
		The squatter, after having organized themselves into a viable organization, have initiated negotiations with the land owner and have "shared" the land, giving the prime locations of the land (for example, the side facing a road) to the owner and using the remaining for their housing, but in a more organized and improved manner.
	www.gdrc.org /uem/squatters/define-squatter.html (2129 words)

	Squatter
		Squatter is also the name of a board game.
		Squatters often claim rights over the spaces they have squatted by virtue of occupation, rather than ownership.
		It is known that many squatters fought battles with advanced European weapons against the local Aboriginal communities in the areas they occupied, though such battles were rarely investigated and modern historians resort to much guesswork in estimating the numbers of Aborigines killed in these skirmishes.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Squatter (954 words)

	Squatter, Cottages by the Sea, Port Fairy, Victoria, Australia
		"Squatter" enjoys the sensational seaside morning sun with a spectacular view that stretches from the town of Port Fairy to the Southern Ocean..
		The Squatter was enroute from Melbourne to Portland when the tragedy occurred.
		"Squatter" offers comfortable 2 storey, 2 bedroom luxury accommodation.
	www.thecottagesbythesea.com /squatter (190 words)

	US Embassy Costa Rica - Beach Land
		Last year's death of a U.S. resident in a shootout with squatters in the southern Pacific community of Pavones was an extreme example of the serious land ownership conflicts that can arise in Costa Rica.
		Often, squatters will transplant grown fruit trees and vegetable plants on to the land, to make it appear they have been farming there for longer than three months, he said.
		In cases of squatters with genuine needs, he said, the best approach is to try to establish a rapport with them and come to some sort of deal.
	usembassy.or.cr /squatter.html (1374 words)

	history
		One Brockton Point squatter family refused to take part in the legal proceedings, as they were upset that they had not been consulted when the land had been turned into a park.
		The last of the fisherman squatters who lived on houseboats in their area were driven out by the 1940's.
		Cops used the tractors to tear apart the houses during the eviction and nearly collapsed one building that squatters with gas masks remained inside of and were determined to fight for.
	www.geocities.com /emithsilas/vansquat.html (3348 words)

	Squatter: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com - All about Squatter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		A squatter is an individual who occupies a building or land (a squat) that the individual does not own, rent, or otherwise have permission to use.
		It is known that many fought battles (though with the disparity in weapons technology they were usually more like massacres) with the local Aboriginal communities in the areas they occupied, though such battles were rarely investigated and modern historians resort to much guesswork in estimating the numbers of Aborigines killed in this fashion.
		Some of the descendants of original squatter families still live on parts of their historical estates.
	www.encyclopedian.com /sq/Squatter.html (344 words)

	squatter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Squatter creates an index of ALL messages in the mailbox, not just those since the last time that it was run (i.e., it does NOT do incre- mental updates).
		For large and active mailboxes, it is recommended to run squatter periodically as an EVENT in cyrus.conf(5) NOTE: Messages and mailboxes that have not been indexed CAN still be SEARCHed, just not as quickly as those with a SQUAT index.
		Squatter reads its configuration options out of the imapd.conf(5) file unless specified otherwise by -C.
	www.linuxcommand.org /man_pages/squatter8.html (306 words)

	Squatter Stronghold Faces Eviction
		It was a reincarnation of a plan defeated by squatters four years ago, but this time around was subm itted as an Urban Development Action Project (UDAP) to bypass the usual review procedures and deny squatters any opportunities to oppose it at public hearings.
		Squatters and supporters arriving at one meeting were driven off by residents from 535.
		Squatters realize that if these buildings go the remainder will be weakened and picked off over the next couple of years.
	www.spunk.org /library/pubs/lr/sp001715/squat.html (1027 words)

	BBC - GCSE Bitesize - Geography \| Urbanrural \| Squatter settlements
		Some of the worst conditions are found in the squatter settlements on the edge of the city.
		Squatter settlements tend to be unplanned and are often illegal.
		Squatter settlements are known as townships in South Africa.
	www.bbc.co.uk /schools/gcsebitesize/geography/urbanrural/urbanpatternsledcrev5.shtml (422 words)

	Squatter communities and environmental problems
		In parts of Mexico, for example, squatters make regular payments to local politicians in return for promises that they will not be evicted, and for moves towards official recognition.
		A study of Tondo, a squatter settlement in Manila, found that infant deaths were three times the level in legal settlements in the city.
		That does not mean squatters should automatically be given ownership of land they occupy; but it does raise hopes that, once a government has settled the issue of land title, some of the worst environmental problems may disappear.
	www.mongabay.com /external/economist/1998_05_19a-economist.html (605 words)

	Living the outlaw life: Squatter: Living in the woods like it was nobody’s business by Claire Wolfe 0211
		A squatter takes possession of land with the intention of permanently claiming it as his own.
		I got to wondering whether a squatter’s life could be combined with that other dream life of impoverished rural wannabes, caretaking.
		LittleLandOwner #1said no, citing unnamed “liability issues.” But it was clear she simply didn’t like the idea of some homeless stranger living on her property and was looking for any excuse (not that she needed one; it is her land).
	www.backwoodshome.com /columns/wolfe0211.html (2449 words)

	Squatter settlements breeding ground for criminals, says Thomas - JAMAICAOBSERVER.COM
		Police officials have long argued that squatter settlements, with their narrow lanes and tightly packed houses, are hard to police.
		Superintendent John Morris, who is in charge of crime for Area One, for example, has long complained of the challenges posed by the 19 squatter settlements in St James.
		Yesterday, Thomas acknowledged the shortfall in low-cost housing in St James, and argued that consideration must be given to replacing the squatter settlements with proper housing solutions.
	www.jamaicaobserver.com /news/html/20050625T220000-0500_83091_OBS_SQUATTER_SETTLEMENTS_BREEDING_GROUND_FOR_CRIMINALS__SAYS_THOMAS.asp (405 words)

	squattercity
		Today, many of the original residents and their descendants, have petitioned to get their homes back, and they are worried that the squatters will now gain a competing claim to the land.
		Well, now the UN has said it: Evictions are not the answer to the growth of squatter communities and shantytowns.
		The squatters had argued that it was unconscionable and illegal that bulldozers arrived with no notice.
	squattercity.blogspot.com (1907 words)

	Labour wants Suva's mushrooming squatter problem resolved (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In a statement issued today, Leader of the Opposition, Mahendra Chaudhry said that the steady mushrooming of squatter settlements was a damning indictment on the SDL government's inability to provide housing for the poor people.
		Mr Chaudhry said that each day squatter settlements were becoming more visible and under squalid conditions, with poor sanitation and overcrowding, adding such conditions were a threat to the health of citizens residing in and around Suva.
		He said according to government's own figures, Fijian families constitute some 5300 of the 8700 or 61%, who now live as squatters in the Suva-Nausori corridor and that of the 90, 000 squatter settlers nationally, 60% were Fijians.
	www.flp.org.fj /n050111b.htm (374 words)

	Pig's Eye's Notepad: Historical Encyclopedia of St. Paul, MN
		It wouldn't be long before the inevitable squatters camp grew up in the shadow of the fort, and the thriving community of Mendota grew nearby.
		Soon, the more privileged military officers and the residents of Mendota, became disturbed at the life style of the residents of the squatters camp, most of whom were refugees from the ill-fated Selkirk Colony in Manitoba.
		Soon after they set up their new squatter camp, Major Taliaferro decided they were not quite far enough out of his sight, extended the jurisdiction of the Fort to include the Fountain Cave site, and sent his soldiers to burn the new encampment.
	www.lareau.org /pep.html (703 words)

	AFP548 - Cyrus Squatter for OS X Server (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Squatter is the mailbox indexing utility that is part of the Cyrus mail server suite.
		After running squatter on the mailbox a 40 MB index file was created in that mailbox.
		The squatter man page is installed on the system, so read that if you have any further questions.
	www.afp548.com /article.php?story=20040809140509732 (546 words)

	On the Edge: A Multimedia Exploration of Squatters in the 21st Century
		I originally understood squatters as impoverished people generally found in lesser-developed countries or as homeless people who took refuge in empty buildings throughout America's cities, but I never considered that people actually chose this lifestyle.
		Judith Kleinfeld, professor of psychology and director of Northern Studies at the University of Alaska Fairbanks, is in the process of writing a book tentatively titled "The Frontier Frame of Mind." In it, she explores the state of mind of Americans gone extreme.
		While I found every squatter's story to be unique, the search for something different and the quest for personal freedom united their experience and drove them to live as they do.
	www.uaf.edu /faculty/ftgtk/thesis/home.html (1679 words)

	iafrica.com \| news \| features SA wants to turn squatter camps into homes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Thabiso Mahowa is one of about seven million South Africans who live in squatter camps, deprived of basic services like clean water, proper sewerage, roads, and a house he can proudly call home.
		A fireman who is frequently called out to the area said the close proximity of homes made it difficult for big lumbering fire trucks to manoeuvre, resulting in frequent stoning by the community because of their impatience.
		She says it can take up to five years to reach agreement with squatter camp residents on the services that need to be introduced and on the departure of some of the locals to make room for roads and bigger housing plots.
	iafrica.com /news/features/342363.htm (743 words)

	Squatter Demolitions
		Although the Philippine government publicly denies that the demolition of squatter settlements was linked to the November 1996 APEC summit, privately officials admitted that the demolitions of many squatter communities were to "clean up" Metro Manila in advance of APEC.
		Once the inevitability of the demolition sets in with the squatters, some of the demolition crew are considerate and help the squatters safely remove their personal belongings, including this religious statue.
		Poor, but not necessarily jobless, the lack of work in the resettlement areas is the squatters' biggest complaint about the demolitions, and is the biggest hurdle in the government's attempts to peacefully remove the squatters.
	www.wirephoto.com /swallace/demolitions/Demolitions.html (583 words)

	Ho Gar Yuen Squatter Settlement (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Ho Gar Yuen means “the Ho family garden”, and according to members of the Ho family who were still resident at the time of the clearance, their ancestral house was built in the early years of the 20th century.
		The squatter area was a complex mixture of well constructed but poorly maintained concrete or stone structures (primarily built before 1953) which had been subdivided into residences for multiple households, more temporary structures of wood and tin constructed after 1953, and clusters of business operations.
		Clearly, as I have argued elsewhere (Smart 1992), the population of Hong Kong’s squatter areas is far from uniformly low, particularly for those who have been in residence for decades.
	www.tradingplaces.org /2001/Ho_Gar_Yuen.html (1047 words)

	LOOKING FOR SOLUTION TO PNG’S SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS - December 1, 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The forum will bring together provincial authorities, the business community, churches, non-government organizations, squatter settlers and their leaders and community interest groups to discuss and find ways for all Goroka people to live together in peace and harmony.
		This is the most positive stand to come from a national leader on the issue of squatter settlements anywhere in Papua New Guinea.
		In the years since Independence, governments have not seriously tackled the squatter settlements and the related urban migration, land ownership, law and order and other compounding issues that have continued to get worse over that time.
	pidp.eastwestcenter.org /pireport/2004/December/12-01-ed3.htm (335 words)

	SQUATTER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Squatter creates an index of ALL messages in the mailbox, not just those since the last time that it was run (i.e., it does NOT do incremental updates).
		For large and active mailboxes, it is recommended to run squatter periodically as an EVENT in cyrus.conf(5)
		Skip mailboxes whose index file is older than their current squat file (within a small time delta).
	walhalla.mine.nu /cyrus-imapd/man/squatter.8.html (204 words)

	(DV) Anderberg: Adverse Possession
		The fight over land, whether it is between countries and borderlines, or between the people versus the government as during the agrarian squatter uprisings, reduces to individual land owner versus squatter, ready to take the land, in the microcosm of Adverse Possession.
		In Barcelona, Spain, 1996, squatters took over a farm, refusing electricity to protest dams and nukes, and began a self-sufficiency project with organic farming and community workshops.
		Squatters wore masks and helmets, but were evicted violently by 80 riot cops, 30 SWAT members, a bomb squad, earth-moving tractors to demolish the buildings, and more, according to published accounts.
	www.dissidentvoice.org /May2004/Anderberg0502.htm (3425 words)

	CLLC - Squatter's Rights Process (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		To be eligible, students must have: (1) No Judicial or Student Accounts holds on their records, (2) Registered for the Spring 2004 term, and (3) Eligibility to register for the Fall 2005 term by July 1, 2005.
		Squatter applications will not be accepted for The Aston, 2109 F Street, Scholars' Village townhouses, staff rooms, single rooms (except Mount Vernon), freshman halls, or floors being used for living and learning communities.
		These squatter policies only apply to the 2005-2006 academic year and are subject to review and changes for following years.
	gwired.gwu.edu /cllc/index.gw/Site_ID/5198/Page_ID/16871 (1231 words)

	Battle Over 13th Street: Squatter Evictions on the Lower East Side, by Miriam Axel-Lute
		The squatters facing eviction, joined by non-resident supporters, had been on the streets since 4a.m., watching the barricades, chanting, and drumming on dumpsters.
		The squatters comment that along with making the buildings habitable, they brought improvements to the neighborhood through a drop in the crime and drug traffic that had occurred in the empty buildings.
		Meanwhile, as the East 13th Street squatters double up with friends or crowd into other squats, they are looking to the continuing street protests and court battles to see if and when they can return home.
	www.nhi.org /online/issues/81/squat.html (1502 words)

	Squatter Settlement Sanitation - Phase I
		Between conventional sewerage systems and the pit privy, there is a technology gap that has not been effectively bridged by lower cost methods that are acceptable from financial, technical, and public health points of view.
		Researchers conducted a survey in squatter housing areas within the four major urban centres of Gaborone, Lobatse, Francistown, and Selebi-Phikwe to determine the most efficient and economical types of human waste disposal systems.
		The designs were then modified and adapted by studying technologies already in place in other squatter settlements throughout the country.
	idrc.org /en/ev-83031-201_750125-1-IDRC_ADM_INFO.html (253 words)

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